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18th IEEE International conference on embedded and Ubiquitous Computing (IEEE EUC)

作者： Woehnert, Sven-Jannik Woehnert, Kai Hendrik Almamedov, Eldar Skwarek, Volker Hamburg Univ Appl Sci Res & Transfer Ctr Digital Business Proc Ulmenliet 20 D-21033 Hamburg Germany HAW Hamburg Digital Business Proc RTC Ulmenliet 20 D-21033 Hamburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780738111186

Proof of integrity in produced video data by surveillance cameras requires active forensic methods such as signatures, otherwise authenticity and integrity can be comprised and data becomes unusable e. g. for legal evidence. But a simple file- or stream-signature loses its validity when the stream is cut in parts or by separating data and signature. Using the principles of security in distributed systems similar to those of blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (BC/DLT), a chain which consists of the frames of a video which frame hash values will be distributed among a camera sensor network is presented. the backbone of this Framechain within the camera sensor network will be a camera identity concept to ensure accountability, integrity and authenticity according to the extended CIA triad security concept. Modularity by secure sequences, autarky in proof and robustness against natural modulation of data are the key parameters of this new approach. It allows the standalone data and even parts of it to be used as hard evidence.

关键词： Blockchain Camera Network Data Embedding in Images Distributed Ledger Technology Framechain Object Identity Robust Hashing Video Authentification Video Security

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Activity recognition through intermittent distributed processing by energy harvesting PIR sensors: Demo abstract 20

Activity recognition through intermittent distributed proces...

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18th ACM conference on embedded networked sensor systems, SenSys 2020

作者： Misaki, Shinya Stirapongsasuti, Sopicha Matsui, Tomokazu Suwa, Hirohiko Yasumoto, Keiichi Nara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Nara Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450375900

As an increasing demand for human activity monitoring in many smart services such as elderly monitoring, there is a keen need of an activities of daily living (ADL) recognition system. which can be easily deployed in ordinary homes and does not require periodic maintenance such as battery replacement for long time. In this paper, we propose an ADL recognition system which can run continuously without feeding power from outlets by intermittent sensing and distributed processing of energy harvesting (EH) sensor modules. Specifically, we have designed and developed an EH sensor node composed of (i) a micro-controller board with an analog PIR sensor which senses human activity as analog signals and form a BLE mesh network with other sensor nodes and (ii) an energy harvest module with solar panels and a rechargeable battery. We have also implemented a simple distributed random forest (RF) classifier consisting of multiple RF classifiers trained independently and running on different nodes which exchange the classification results with each other via BLE and make a final decision based on majority vote. through experiments with five sensor nodes deployed in our smart home testbed, the distributed RF classifier classified the collected data of up to five different activities with average accuracy of over 90%. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： sensor nodes

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Cognitive Architectures for Process Monitoring - an Analysis 18

Cognitive Architectures for Process Monitoring - an Analysis

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18th IEEE International conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

作者： Wendt, Alexander Kollmann, Stefan Bratukhin, Aleksey Estaji, Alireza Sauter, thilo Jantsch, Axel TU Wien Christian Doppler Lab Embedded Machine Learning Vienna Austria TU Wien Inst Comp Technol Vienna Austria Danube Univ Krems Dept Integrated Sensor Syst Wr Neustadt Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781728149646

In smart manufacturing, the demand increases to be able to monitor and adjust process execution during production. It has led to a shift towards distributed, modular automation. A solution seems to be to use a cognitive architecture. It turns out that their generality often makes them unsuitable for specific industrial problems. In this paper, we propose a cognition-inspired architecture design for health monitoring tasks. the problem class is represented by a conveyor belt use case. We then discuss to what extent this architecture matches common implementations of cognitive theories by following a generalized cognitive process.

关键词： cognitive manufacturing cognitive architecture cyber-physical system distributed system multi-agent systems

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An Adaptive Data Rate-Based Task Offloading Scheme in Vehicular Networks

An Adaptive Data Rate-Based Task Offloading Scheme in Vehicu...

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International conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and sensor Networks, MSN

作者： Chaofan Chen Wendi Nie Yaoxin Duan Victor C.S. Lee Kai Liu Huamin Li School of Automation Chongqing University Chongqing China Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things and Networked Control Ministry of Education Chongqing China Department of Automation Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing China Institute of Industrial Internet Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing China

As an important application of Internet of things (IoT), Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) can provide various valuable services which may require computation-intensive tasks under strict time constraints. Most traditional vehicles may not be able to process all these computation-intensive tasks locally because of the limitation of computing resources. therefore, task offloading has been proposed, which allows vehicles to offload computation-intensive tasks to Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) servers. With the arising and development of intelligent vehicles, the concept of Vehicle as a Resource (VaaR) has been proposed as an important supplement to MEC, which enables intelligent vehicles to share computation resources with nearby vehicles. Most studies in VaaR generally assume that the transmission data rate of offloading tasks from one vehicle to another is fixed. However, in VaaR, due to the high mobility of vehicles, the communication distance between vehicles may change over time, resulting in changing data rate. therefore, it is challenging to make offloading decisions (i.e., selecting proper vehicles as computation resource providers) while considering adaptive data rate. In this paper, we study task offloading in vehicular networks while considering adaptive data rate. We propose an Adaptive Data Rate-based Offloading algorithm named ADRO, which can not only achieve minimum energy consumption while satisfying time constraints, but also take adaptive data rate into consideration. Comprehensive experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the ADRO algorithm.

关键词： Energy consumption Adaptive systems Multi-access edge computing Intelligent vehicles sensors Time factors Servers

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sensorless Control of PMSM using SMC and sensor Fault Detection Observer

Sensorless Control of PMSM using SMC and Sensor Fault Detect...

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IEEE SSD International Multi-conference on systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Marcel Nicola Claudiu-Ionel Nicola National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering Craiova Romania University of Craiova Craiova Romania

In this article is presented a type of sensorless control system for a PMSM using a Sliding Mode Control (SMC) type controller, which replaces the PI-type controller of a PMSM rotor speed control loop, and the speed is estimated using a Sliding Mode Observer (SMO) type observer. For the detection of the faults from power supply lines given by current sensors of the PMSM, the Fault Detection Observer (FDO) type observer is used. the equations of the SMC-type controller, of the SMO-type observer, and of the fault detection observer, as well as their implementation in Matlab/Simulink graphical programming environment are presented in this article. Following the numerical simulations, the special performances of the SMC-type controller are presented, but also as compared to the PI speed controller in the classic Field Oriented Control (FOC) type structure. the FDO-type observer has a good response time and works with good results even under the conditions where uniformly distributed disturbances act on the system. the future papers will approach the methods of implementation in real time in embedded system of the SMC control and of the described observers.

关键词： embedded systems Power supplies Fault detection sensorless control Observers Numerical simulation sensors

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Enhanced heart rate estimation based on face features

Enhanced heart rate estimation based on face features

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IEEE SSD International Multi-conference on systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Mossaad Ben Ayed Shaya A. Alshaya Adil Alshammari Embedded System laboratory Sfax University Tunisia Sfax Tunisia College of Science and Humanities at AlGhat Majmaah University Majmaah Saudi Arabia

Health care systems have become essential parts of today's societies. However, the COVID-19 virus pandemic has highlighted the challenges that health care systems face. this need has encouraged scientists to improve these systems by supporting the Internet of things (IoT) architectures and providing more contactless sensors. Still, traditional equipment based on using a contact sensor to measure vital signs, such as the heart rate, faces problems with accuracy and can have psychological effects on patients. the proposed solution aims to monitor the heart rate through non-contact measurement using a smart camera. this objective was achieved by applying an intelligent algorithm to a facial video sequence. this paper attempts to estimate the heart rate based on the color variation of the forehead skin. Specifically, the proposed method aimed to accurately estimate the heart rate in the standard condition and in the case of darker skin where the variation of the skin color was only slightly changed. the results proved that the estimation's accuracy could reach 98%.

关键词： Heart rate Forehead Video sequences Estimation Color Medical services Skin

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A UML/MARTE based design pattern for a wireless sensor node 18th

A UML/MARTE based design pattern for a wireless sensor node

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Joint conferences on 18th International conference on Intelligent systems Design and Applications, ISDA 2018 and 10th World Congress on Nature and Biologically Inspired Computing , NaBIC 2018

作者： Saida, Raoudha Kacem, Yessine Hadj BenSaleh, M.S. Abid, Mohamed CES Laboratory National Engineering School of Sfax Sfax Tunisia Sfax Tunisia College of Computer Science King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia National MEMS Technology Center KACST Riyadh Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030166564

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) become a key aspect of many domain applications. With the challenges in programming sensor nodes, there is a crucial need for generic and reusable software design that deals with system features and eases the designer tasks. Design patterns are widely proven as a potential solution for the development of embedded systems. the use of design patterns improves the software process quality, reduces system’s constraints such as energy and time and promotes the usability of manipulating applications and the reusability of the design. Unfortunately, design patterns for WSN systems are limited in the literature. In this paper, we present a generic design pattern intended to support the modeling of the architecture of a wireless sensor node with real time constraints. this pattern is designed and annotated using the UML/MARTE standard. Two case studies are explored to validate the feasibility and the efficiency of our proposed design pattern. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

关键词： Software design

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Getting More Out of Energy-harvesting systems: Energy Management under Time-varying Utility with PREACT 18

Getting More Out of Energy-harvesting Systems: Energy Manage...

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18th ACM/IEEE International conference on Information Processing in sensor Networks (IPSN)

作者： Geissdoerfer, Kai Jurdak, Raja Kusy, Brano Zimmerling, Marco Tech Univ Dresden Networked Embedded Syst Lab Dresden Germany CSIRO Distributed Sensing Syst Grp Canberra ACT Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450362849

Careful energy management is a prerequisite for long-term, unattended operation of solar-harvesting sensing systems. We observe that in many applications the utility of sensed data varies over time, but current energy-management algorithms do not exploit prior knowledge of these variations for making better decisions. this paper presents PREACT, the first energy-management algorithm that exploits time-varying utility to optimize application performance. PREACT's design combines strategic long-term planning of future energy utilization with feedback control to compensate for deviations from the expected conditions. We implement PREACT on a low-power microcontroller and compare it against the state of the art on multiple years of real-world data. Our results demonstrate that PREACT is up to 53 % more effective in utilizing harvested solar energy and significantly more robust to uncertainties and inefficiencies of practical systems. these gains translate into an improvement of 28 % in the end-to-end performance of a real-world application we investigate when using PREACT.

关键词： Energy management Energy allocation Energy harvesting Dynamic power management Solar power Energy prediction

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Performance and energy aware robust specification of control execution patterns under dropped samples

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IET COMPUTERS AND DIGITAL TECHNIQUES 2019年第6期13卷 493-504页

作者： Ghosh, Sumana Dey, Soumyajit Dasgupta, Pallab Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur Dept Comp Sci & Engn Kharagpur 721302 W Bengal India

embedded control systems are prevalent in a multitude of domains such as automotive, avionics, industrial control etc. For such systems, robustness against non-idealities of the compute platform created by situations such as hardware level transient faults (memory errors, sensor reading errors), network packet drops, late arrival of messages etc., is needed to be ensured at the design level. In traditional regular periodic execution of control loops, such guarantees are obtained by oversampling the plant, which requires extra rounds of sensing, control law computation, and actuation. One possible measure for reducing such over-provisioning of computing and communication resources is allowing occasional drops in the execution leading to better resource management as well as energy efficiency. this work showcases a methodology for deriving window-based bounds on possible drops in control loop executions while assuring formal performance guarantees even in the presence of platform-level non-idealities. Derivation of such relaxation bounds in terms of control loop executions help in deciding energy efficient scheduling solutions for low-power resource-constrained embedded control platforms while retaining control performance. the present work provides a structured methodology for deriving performance-aware control execution patterns given an energy-budget and uncertainty specification of the platform executing a set of embedded control loops.

关键词： scheduling industrial control embedded systems avionics robust control energy aware robust specification dropped samples embedded control systems industrial control compute platform hardware level transient faults memory errors sensor reading errors design level traditional regular periodic execution control law computation computing communication resources occasional drops energy efficiency possible drops control loop executions formal performance guarantees platform-level nonidealities energy efficient scheduling solutions low-power resource-constrained embedded control platforms control performance performance-aware control execution patterns embedded control loops

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Investigation of Unified emerging-NVM SoC Architecture for IoT-WSN Applications 32

Investigation of Unified emerging-NVM SoC Architecture for I...

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32nd International conference on VLSI Design (VLSID) / 18th International conference on embedded systems (ES)

作者： Parmar, Vivek Majumdar, Swatilekha Panda, Preeti Ranjan Suri, Manan Indian Inst Technol Delhi Dept Elect Engn New Delhi 110016 India Indian Inst Technol Delhi Dept Comp Sci & Engn New Delhi 110016 India

ISBN: (纸本)9781728104096

In this paper, we discuss the application of emerging NVM (Non-Volatile Memory) devices such as Phase Change Memory (PCM), OxRAM (oxide based), and magneto resisitive STT-MRAM memory in System-on-Chip (SoC) used for IoT-WSN (Wireless sensor Node) applications. We validate the concept of a unified memory architecture relying on all NVM implementation, in particular for IoT-WSN applications. Simulation and analysis for NVM based unified memory architecture are presented on MSP430 platform with Contiki, benchmarked for the Sky-Collect application. Performance parameters such as-area, write hits, write hit rate/evolution, power and latency are considered.

关键词： IoT Wireless sensor Nodes Non-Volatile Memory unified memory OxRAM PCM STT-MRAM

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