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Classification of ballistocardiography using wavelet transform and neural networks

Classification of ballistocardiography using wavelet transfo...

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Annual International conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Xinsheng Yu D. Dent C. Osborn Faculty of Design & Technology University of Luton Luton UK

Ballistocardiography (BCG) has the interesting feature that no electrodes are needed to be attached to the body during measurements. this provides a potential application to assess a patient's heart condition in the home. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have several properties that make them promising for automatic signal classification problems. In the time domain of the BCG classification, the whole cardiac cycle of BCG waveform needs a large-sized neural network which makes the classification a computationally intensive task. By classifying the data in a compressed format, savings in computer time may be realised. Here, the authors used wavelet multiresolution property analysis that allows one to obtain a significant information content from the BCG signal. small subsets of the wavelet coefficients were used to classify the normal, hypertension and heart attack risk patients by neural networks. It is shown that the proposed system achieved an overall 95.39% correct classification rate for the test data set. the classification of the features obtained by principal component analysis can only achieve a 92.8% overall performance. the advantage of the proposed classification system is that it can be easily implemented into a portable device.

关键词： Wavelet transforms Artificial neural networks Electrodes Heart Pattern classification Computer networks Wavelet analysis signal resolution Information analysis signal analysis

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Reliable motion detection of small targets in video with low signal-to-clutter ratios

Reliable motion detection of small targets in video with low...

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Proceedings of the 29th Annual 1995 International Carnahan conference on Security Technology

作者： Nichols, Scott A. Naylor, R.Brian Sandia Natl Lab Albuquerque United States

this paper describes a highly adaptive video motion detection and tracking algorithm that has been developed as part of Sandia's Advanced Exterior Sensor (AES) program. the AES detection and tracking algorithm provides good performance under stressing data and environmental conditions. Features of the algorithm include the following: reliable detection with negligible false alarm rate of variable velocity targets having low signal-to-clutter ratios;reliable tracking of targets that show motion that is non-inertial;automatic adaptation to both infrared and visible imagery with variable quality;and suppression of false alarms caused by sensor flaws or cutouts, or both.

关键词： Video signal processing

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A 16-channel readout chip - A new sparse data readout architecture 18

A 16-channel readout chip - A new sparse data readout archit...

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18th European Solid-State Circuits conference, ESSCIRC 1992

作者： Murray, R. Lovell, M. Didcot Oxfordshire United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)8798423207

this paper describes a new architecture for performing data compression on a large matrix of parallel digital inputs, only a small proportion of which carries a logical T. the system assigns a unique address to each of the active inputs (suppressing the inactive ones) and feeds them serially onto a data bus. the architecture is implemented using an array of CMOS digital signal processing ASICs, which have been designed at R.A.L, England and tested at C.E.R.N. in Geneva. © 1992 European Solid-State Circuits conference.

关键词： Digital signal processing

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A reconfigurable multiprocessor IC for prototyping of real-time data paths 39

A reconfigurable multiprocessor IC for prototyping of real-t...

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39th IEEE International Solid-State Circuits conference, ISSCC 1992

作者： Chen, C. Rabaey, Jan M. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California BerkeleyCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780305736

In real-time digital-signal processing systems, data often enter or leave the computationally intensive parts at small integer multiples of the clocking interval. In these cases, traditional microprocessor-based architectures are inadequate to meet the throughput requirements, and so clusters of dedicated data paths, hard-wired to closely match the algorithmic data flow, are often used. these architectures typically contain multiple concurrently operating data-path pipelines. the circuit reported targets the rapid implementation and prototyping of such architectures using reconfigurable multiprocessors. this circuit contains eight execution units (EXUs) connected via a dynamically controlled crossbar switch. It can operate at 25 MHz (200 MIPs) with a data I/O bandwidth of 400 MB/s and a typical power consumption of 0.45 W. It contains 140106 transistors on a 8.9×9.5 mm2 die, in 1.2μm CMOS technology. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Light baton: A System For Conducting Computer Music Performance 18

Light baton: A System For Conducting Computer Music Performa...

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18th International Computer Music conference, ICMC 1992

作者： Bcrlini, Graziano Carosi, Paolo Image & Signal Proc. Dept. IEI-CNR Via S.Maria 46 Pisa Italy Computer Music Dept. CNUCE-CNR Via S.Maria 36 Pisa Italy

Increasing attention is currently being given to the problem of an effective synchronization in live performance, between musicians and electronic synthesis system, in order to add a satisfactory degree of human sensitiveness to computer music. the authors of this paper developed a man-machine interface for controlling human instrumentalists and computers at the same time. the system recognizes the movements and the gestures that conductors usually perform in accordance with international standards. the interface consists of a special conductor baton, and a personal computer with a special image acquisition board connected to a CCD camera. the movements of a small lamp on the top of the baton are detected by the camera, digitized as the light point position changes, and properly stored. A best fitting interpolating method is used for carrying out the corresponding path, for increasing time resolution and for predicting beat points. Information extracted in the analysis are: beat point prediction, order number of the beats, amplitude of gestures, end of movement, absence of light points, the data produced are then used for affecting the musical performance. this system is usually used for synchronizing musicians and computers;furthermore, it can be used for learning conductor movements for controlling real-time algorithmic compositions. © ICMC 1992. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Computer music

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Simulated annealing applied to acoustic signal tracking

Simulated annealing applied to acoustic signal tracking

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24th Asilomar conference on signals, Systems and Computers Part 2 (of 2)

作者： Lee, Chin-Hwa Electr & Comput Eng US Naval Postgraduate Sch Monterey CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818621804

Acoustic signal tracking is formulated as a simulated annealing problem. Detection of the track is based on a global optimization of a cost function which relates to the signal to noise ratio. the track can move only 0, -1, or +1 position from time line to time line. the constraint is built into the next state generation of the algorithm. Emphasis is on the small scale localization of the track with known starting position. the procedure can detect -18 dB monotone data which is superior to any conventional technique. Dependency of equilibrium iterations with respect to S/N was revealed in the experimental results. this procedure is also tested with an inaccurate starting position in the image, and it yielded acceptable performance.

关键词： Acoustic signal processing

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Microcomputer-controlled pseudo noise modulated CW-radar with SAW-convolver for signal processing

Microcomputer-controlled pseudo noise modulated CW-radar wit...

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conference Proceedings: 18th European Microwave conference 88

作者： Wigger, B. Knapp, W. Besenfelder, E. Univ d. Bundeswehr Hamburg Germany

In the past there was a rapid development of new components for matched filtering of signals with large time-bandwidth-product on the basis of surface acoustic waves (SAW). Such components, as the SAW convolver, allow the realization of fast and precise operating distance measurement systems with a minimum of components in the signal processing circuitry. In addition continous wave (CW) radar systems employ a minimum of radiation power. A microcomputer-controlled distance measurement system using a SAW convolver is presented. For data acquisition a special interface circuitry has been realized that allows real-time distance measurement of up to sixteen targets within the observed range. For an improvement of the range accuracy a combination of time-delay and phase measurement is employed.

关键词： Radar Systems

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A Microcomputer-Controlled Pseudo Noise Modulated CW-Radar With SAW-Convolver For signal processing

A Microcomputer-Controlled Pseudo Noise Modulated CW-Radar W...

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European conference on Microwave

作者： B. Wigger W. Knapp E. Besenfelder Institut fur Hochfrequenztechnik Universitat der Bundeswehr Hamburg Hamburg Germany

In the past there was a rapid development of new components for matched filtering of signals with large time-bandwidth-product on the basis of surface acoustic waves (SAW). Such components, as there is the SAW-Convolver /1/, allow the realization of very fast and precise operating distance measurement systems with a minimum of components in the signal processing circuitry. In addition continous wave (CW) Radarsystems employ a minimum of radiation power /2/. In this paper a microcomputer-controlled distance measurement system using a SAW-Convolver is presented. For data acquisition a special interface circuitry has been realized that allows real-time distance measurement of up to sixteen targets within the observed range. For an improvement of the range accuracy a combination of time-delay and phase measurement is employed in this system.

关键词： signal processing Distance measurement Acoustic signal processing Surface acoustic waves Circuits Acoustic noise Matched filters Filtering Acoustic waves Radar signal processing

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Implementation of a full duplex 2.4 kbps LPC vocoder on a single TMS-320 microprocessor chip

Implementation of a full duplex 2.4 kbps LPC vocoder on a si...

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International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： B. Bryden H. Hassanein Canadian Department of Communications Communications Rcscarch Centre Ottawa ONT Canada

With the commercial availability of high speed digital signal processors, it is now possible to implement all the linear predictive coding (LPC) tasks (excluding D-A/A-D conversion) on a single chip. In this paper, a very small, high quality, full-duplex, 10th order 2.4 kbps LPC vocoder is described. A single Texas Instruments TMS-320 microprocessor performs LPC analysis, pitch detection, synthesis, and data I/O. At the time of writing this paper, a total of 20 off-the-shelf integrated circuits were used occupying two thirds of a 14cm × 18cm wirewrap board (excluding power supply). the total power dissipation is less than 2 watts. the chip count may be reduced by a factor of two by combining the random logic on a semi-custom integrated circuit. When produced commercially, the cost of this vocoder should be considerably less than existing LPC units.

关键词： Linear predictive coding Vocoders Microprocessor chips Integrated circuit synthesis Availability Digital signal processors Instruments Performance analysis Writing Power supplies

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Image reconstruction techniques and target detection

Image reconstruction techniques and target detection

引用

IEEE conference on Decision and Control

作者： P. R. R. L. Nunes M. Morf S. L. Wood J. M. Turner Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Stanford Stanford CA USA

Image reconstruction from projections has been extensively studied in radioastronomy and medical imaging. the same techniques can be applied to multiple target detection tasks such as radar or sonar signal processing. However, in medical imaging and radioastronomy, the images to be reconstructed are generally "compact" and the ratio between the required image size and resolution is small compared to that of the target detection problem where the images are sparse and fine resolution is required. therefore a larger number of basis functions will be necessary to discretize the general image. thus medical image reconstruction techniques applied directly to target detection can result in excessive memory requirements, computational time and required number of measurements. With modifications that consider the sparseness and positiveness of the images, reconstruction techniques have a potentially valuable application in the multiple target detection problem. In this paper we propose two modifications of the medical image reconstruction technique for the multi-target detection problem. One consists of pre-processing the data in order to reduce the total image to a smaller set of regions likely to contain targets. the second consists of dividing the image into pixels much larger than the expected size of a target and estimating the total target intensity for each pixel.

关键词： Image reconstruction Object detection Biomedical imaging Radar signal processing Image resolution signal resolution Pixel Radar imaging Sonar applications Sonar detection

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