this paper concerns formal theories for reasoning about the knowledge and belief of agents. It has seemed attractive to researchers in artificial intelligence to formalise these propositional attitudes as predicates o...
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this paper concerns formal theories for reasoning about the knowledge and belief of agents. It has seemed attractive to researchers in artificial intelligence to formalise these propositional attitudes as predicates of first-order predicate logic. this allows the agents to express stronger introspective beliefs and engage in stronger meta-rcasoning than in the classical modal operator approach. Results by Montague [1963] and thomason [1980] show, however, that the predicate approach is prone to inconsistency. More recent results by des Rivieres & Levesque [1988] and Morreau & Kraus [1998] show that we can maintain the predicate approach if we make suitable restrictions to our set of epistemic axioms. their results are proved by careful translations from corresponding modal formalisms. In the present paper we show that their results fit nicely into the framework of logicprogramming semantics, in that we show their results to be corollaries of well-known results in this field. this does not only allow us to demonstrate a close connection between consistency problems in the syntactic treatment of propositional attitudes and problems in semantics for logic programs, but it also allows us to strengthen the results of des Rivieres & Levesque [1988] and Morreau & Kraus [1998].
Database application programs are often designed to be executed concurrently by many users. By grouping related database queries into transactions, DBMS systems can guarantee that each transaction satisfies the well-k...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769520359
Database application programs are often designed to be executed concurrently by many users. By grouping related database queries into transactions, DBMS systems can guarantee that each transaction satisfies the well-known ACID properties: Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. However, if a database application is decomposed into transactions in an incorrect manner, the application may fail when executed concurrently due to potential offline concurrency problems. this paper presents a dataflow analysis technique for identifying schedules of transaction execution aimed at revealing concurrency faults of this nature, along with techniques for controlling the DBMS or the application so that execution of transaction sequences follows generated schedules. the techniques have been integrated into AGENDA, a tool set for testing relational database application programs. Preliminary empirical evaluation is presented.
the use of techniques for automating the generation of software test cases is very important as it can reduce the time and cost of this process. the latest methods for automatic generation of tests use metaheuristic s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769520359
the use of techniques for automating the generation of software test cases is very important as it can reduce the time and cost of this process. the latest methods for automatic generation of tests use metaheuristic search techniques, i.e. Genetic Algorithms and Simulated Annealing. there is a great deal of research into the use of Genetic Algorithms to obtain a specific coverage in software testing but there is none using the metaheuristic Tabu Search technique. In this paper, we explain how we have created an efficient testing technique that combines Tabu Search with Korel's chaining approach. Our technique automatically generates test data in order to obtain branch coverage in software testing.
We investigate the combination of answer set programming and qualitative optimization techniques. Answer set optimization programs (ASO programs) have two parts. the generating program Pyen produces answer sets repres...
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We investigate the combination of answer set programming and qualitative optimization techniques. Answer set optimization programs (ASO programs) have two parts. the generating program Pyen produces answer sets representing possible solutions. the preference program Ppref expresses user preferences. It induces a preference relation on the answer sets of Pyen based on the degree to which rules are satisfied. We discuss possible applications of ASO programming, give complexity results and propose implementation techniques. We also analyze the relationship between A SO programs and CP-networks.
this paper presents Visual Constraint Diagrams (VCD's), an extension to UML object diagrams for expressing constraints over object models. VCD's allow designers to express well-formedness constraints that cann...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769520359
this paper presents Visual Constraint Diagrams (VCD's), an extension to UML object diagrams for expressing constraints over object models. VCD's allow designers to express well-formedness constraints that cannot be expressed using class diagrams alone;an example of such a constraint is that a linked list data structure cannot have any loops. VCD's offer two advances over existing techniques: 1) they allow constraints to be expressed within the visual notation of UML, without resorting to complex textual notations such as OCL;2) VCD's can be checked at runtime, increasing the value of design documents to developers. An editor and a checker for VCD's have been implemented as part of the Rosetta software design tool.
this work presents an Object-Oriented framework for the implementation of language interpreters in an educational context. We use this framework to implement different programming language paradigms, including interpr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1581137516
this work presents an Object-Oriented framework for the implementation of language interpreters in an educational context. We use this framework to implement different programming language paradigms, including interpreters for the Functional, Object-Oriented and logic paradigms. this framework focuses its structure on aiding the comprehension of the similarities and differences between the implementation of different paradigms.
Physics-based animation programs can often be modeled in terms of hybrid automata. A hybrid automaton includes both discrete and continuous dynamical variables. the discrete variables define the automaton's modes ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769520359
Physics-based animation programs can often be modeled in terms of hybrid automata. A hybrid automaton includes both discrete and continuous dynamical variables. the discrete variables define the automaton's modes of behavior. the continuous variables are governed by mode-dependent differential equations. this paper describes a system for specifying and automatically synthesizing physics-based animation programs based on hybrid automata. the system presents a program developer with a family of parameterized specification schemata. Each scheme describes a pattern of behavior as a hybrid automaton passes through a sequence of modes. the developer specifies a program by selecting one or more schemata and supplying application-specific instantiation parameters for each of them. Each scheme is associated with a set of axioms in a logic of hybrid automata. the axioms serve to document the semantics of the specification scheme. Each scheme is also associated with a set of implementation rules. the rules synthesize program components implementing the specification in a general physics-based animation architecture. the system allows animation programs to be developed and tested in an incremental manner. the system itself can be extended to incorporate additional schemata for specifying new patterns of behavior, along with new sets of axioms and implementation rules. It has been implemented and tested on over a dozen examples. We believe this research is a significant step toward a specification and synthesis system that is flexible enough to handle a wide variety of animation programs, yet restricted enough to permit programs to be synthesized automatically.
this paper describes a logic-based framework for interpretation of sequences of scenes captured by a stereo vision system of a mobile robot. An algorithm for anchoring and interpretation of such sequences is also prop...
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this paper describes a logic-based framework for interpretation of sequences of scenes captured by a stereo vision system of a mobile robot. An algorithm for anchoring and interpretation of such sequences is also proposed.
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