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共 1492 条记录，以下是341-350 订阅

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Optimization of dynamic languages using hierarchical layering of virtual machines

Optimization of dynamic languages using hierarchical layerin...

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5th Dynamic languages Symposium, DLS '09, Co-located with the 24th Annual ACM conference on object-oriented programming, systems, languages and applications, oopsla 2009

作者： Yermolovich, Alexander Wimmer, Christian Franz, Michael Department of Computer Science University of California Irvine United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587691

Creating an interpreter is a simple and fast way to implement a dynamic programming language. With this ease also come major drawbacks. Interpreters are significantly slower than compiled machine code because they have a high dispatch overhead and cannot perform optimizations. To overcome these limitations, interpreters are commonly combined with just-in-time compilers to improve the overall performance. However, this means that a just-in-time compiler has to be implemented for each language. We explore the approach of taking an interpreter of a dynamic language and running it on top of an optimizing trace-based virtual machine, i.e., we run a guest VM on top of a host VM. The host VM uses trace recording to observe the guest VM executing the application program. Each recorded trace represents a sequence of guest VM bytecodes corresponding to a given execution path through the application program. The host VM optimizes and compiles these traces to machine code, thus eliminating the need for a custom just-in-time compiler for the guest VM. The guest VM only needs to provide basic information about its interpreter loop to the host VM. Copyright © 2009.

关键词： object oriented programming

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Hosting an object heap on manycore hardware: An exploration

Hosting an object heap on manycore hardware: An exploration

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5th Dynamic languages Symposium, DLS '09, Co-located with the 24th Annual ACM conference on object-oriented programming, systems, languages and applications, oopsla 2009

作者： Ungar, David Adams, Sam S. IBM Research United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587691

In order to construct a test-bed for investigating new programming paradigms for future "manycore" systems (i.e. those with at least a thousand cores), we are building a Smalltalk virtual machine that attempts to efficiently use a collection of 56-on-chip caches of 64KB each to host a multi-megabyte object heap. In addition to the cost of inter core communication, two hardware characteristics influenced our design: the absence of hardware-provided cache-coherence, and the inability to move a single object from one core's cache to another's without changing its address. Our design relies on an object table, and the exploitation of a user-managed caching regime for read mostly objects. At almost every stage of our process, we obtained measurements in order to guide the evolution of our system. The architecture and performance characteristics of a many core platform confound old intuitions by deviating from both traditional multicore systems and from distributed systems. The implementor confronts a wide variety of design choices, such as when to share address space, when to share memory as opposed to sending a message, and how to eke out the most performance from a memory system that is far more tightly integrated than a distributed system yet far less centralized than in a severalcore system. Our system is far from complete, let alone optimal, but our experiences have helped us develop new intuitions needed to rise to the manycore software challenge. Copyright © 2009.

关键词： object oriented programming

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Video-based requirements engineering for pervasive computing applications: An example of preventing water damage

Video-based requirements engineering for pervasive computing...

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oopsla 2009 Companion - 24th Annual ACM conference on object-oriented programming, systems, languages and applications, oopsla 2009

作者： Creighton, Oliver Demmel, Ruth Stangl, Harald MacWilliams, Asa Siemens AG Corporate Technology Germany Technische Universitaet Muenchen Department of Applied Software Engineering Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587660

In today's software-intensive system development, negotia- tion between customer and supplier of required functional- ity is typically text-based. While text may be expressive enough to describe simple interactions between end-users and systems, it is severely limited when trying to unambi- guously describe complex interactions. Those potentially involve a plethora of stakeholders, mobile devices, and maybe even require revolutionary interaction paradigms. For such innovative systems, we propose to employ "video- based requirements engineering". Our film submission shows how a filmic representation of a scenario increases its understandability. The story is an example from the pervasive computing domain of home automation: The system protects the owner of an apartment from expensive water damage. After this exposition, the film shows how our tool may front-load a video-based analysis into subsequent system development steps: The same scenario is used in a short overview of the currently available tool support.

关键词： Requirements engineering

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Using a recursive traversal algorithm with an active composite pattern in swing applications

Using a recursive traversal algorithm with an active composi...

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oopsla 2009 Companion - 24th Annual ACM conference on object-oriented programming, systems, languages and applications, oopsla 2009

作者： Languedoc, Robert M. McKim Jr., James C. Trausch, Joseph G. triVIN Incorporated 115 Poheganut Drive Groton CT United States Winthrop University 701 Oakland Avenue Rock Hill SC United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587660

A typical user interface contains hundreds of visual data entry components against which basic functions such as clearing, validating or data extracting are executed. Components often require notification of particular events to change their state. A component may also broadcast a change in state necessary in an application that saves user input. Each component frequently requires multiple lines of code in order to impart proper behavior. A significant number of programming errors are associated with the failure to properly wire in every component in an application. Considerable development time and effort is saved by employing an algorithm which discovers and directs the appropriate components within a framework at runtime. This is achieved through a recursive traversal algorithm employing a visitor construct which takes advantage of a composite structure. We call this approach the Active Composite pattern. Copyright © 2009 ACM.

关键词： User interfaces

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The Ruby Intermediate Language

The Ruby Intermediate Language

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5th Dynamic languages Symposium, DLS '09, Co-located with the 24th Annual ACM conference on object-oriented programming, systems, languages and applications, oopsla 2009

作者： Furr, Michael An, Jong-Hoon Foster, Jeffrey S. Hicks, Michael University of Maryland College Park United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587691

Ruby is a popular, dynamic scripting language that aims to "feel natural to programmers" and give users the "freedom to choose" among many different ways of doing the same thing. While this arguably makes programming in Ruby easier, it makes it hard to build analysis and transformation tools that operate on Ruby source code. In this paper, we present the Ruby Intermediate Language (RIL), a Ruby front-end and intermediate representation that addresses these challenges. RIL includes an extensible GLR parser for Ruby, and an automatic translation into an easy-to-analyze intermediate form. This translation eliminates redundant language constructs, unravels the often subtle ordering among side effecting operations, and makes implicit interpreter operations *** also describe several additional useful features of RIL, such as a dynamic instrumentation library for profiling source code and a dataflow analysis engine. We demonstrate the usefulness of RIL by presenting a static and dynamic analysis to eliminate null pointer errors in Ruby programs. We hope that RIL's features will enable others to more easily build analysis tools for Ruby, and that our design will inspire the creation of similar frameworks for other dynamic languages. Copyright © 2009.

关键词： object oriented programming

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Using RESTful web-services and cloud computing to create next generation mobile applications

Using RESTful web-services and cloud computing to create nex...

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oopsla 2009 Companion - 24th Annual ACM conference on object-oriented programming, systems, languages and applications, oopsla 2009

作者： Christensen, Jason H. *** 2697 E. Boston Ct. Boise ID 83706 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587660

In this paper we will examine the architectural considerations of creating next generation mobile applications using Cloud Computing and RESTful Web Services. With the advent of multimodal smart mobile devices like the iPhone, connected applications can be created that far exceed traditional mobile device capabilities. Combining the context that can be ascertained from the sensors on the smart mobile device with the ability to offload processing capabilities, storage, and security to cloud computing over any one of the available network modes via RESTful web-services, has allowed us to enter a powerful new era of mobile consumer computing. To best leverage this we need to consider the capabilities and constraints of these architectures. Some of these are traditional trade-offs from distributed computing such as a web-services request frequency vs. payload size. Others are completely new - for instance, determining which network type we are on for bandwidth considerations, federated identity limitations on mobile platforms, and application approval. Copyright © 2009 ACM.

关键词： Mobile computing

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Enhancing Source-Level programming Tools with An Awareness of Transparent Program Transformations 09

Enhancing Source-Level Programming Tools with An Awareness o...

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24th Annual ACM conference on object-oriented programming, systems, languages and applications

作者： Song, Myoungkyu Tilevich, Eli Virginia Tech Dept Comp Sci Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587660

Programs written in managed languages are compiled to a platform-independent intermediate representation, such as Java bytecode. The relative high level of Java bytecode has engendered a widespread practice of changing the bytecode directly, without modifying the maintained version of the source code. This practice, called bytecode engineering or enhancement, has become indispensable in transparently introducing various concerns, including persistence, distribution, and security. For example, transparent persistence architectures help avoid the entanglement of business and persistence logic in the source code by changing the bytecode directly to synchronize objects with stable storage. With functionality added directly at the bytecode level, the source code reflects only partial semantics of the program. Specifically, the programmer can neither ascertain the program's runtime behavior by browsing its source code, nor map the runtime behavior back to the original source code. This paper presents an approach that improves the utility of source-level programming tools by providing enhancement specifications written in a domain-specific language. By interpreting the specifications, a source-level programming tool can gain an awareness of the bytecode enhancements and improve its precision and usability. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach by making a source code editor and a symbolic debugger enhancements-aware.

关键词： languages Design Experimentation Domain-specific languages enhancement program transformation bytecode engineering debugging

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Contracts for first-class modules

Contracts for first-class modules

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5th Dynamic languages Symposium, DLS '09, Co-located with the 24th Annual ACM conference on object-oriented programming, systems, languages and applications, oopsla 2009

作者： Strickland, T. Stephen Felleisen, Matthias PLT Northeastern University Boston MA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587691

Behavioral software contracts express properties concerning the flow of values across component (modules, classes, etc) interfaces. These properties are often beyond the reach of theorem provers and are therefore monitored at run-time. When the monitor discovers a contract violation, it raises an exception that simultaneously pinpoints the contract violator and explains the nature of the violation. Currently contract monitoring assumes static module interfaces. Specifically, the contract compiler partitions a contract into disjoint obligations for the static modules that communicate to an interface. At run-time, the information is used for catching and explaining contract violations. While static modules suffice for many situations, first-class modules-such as the units provided by PLT Scheme-support the dynamic and multiple linking that is often required in open software systems. The problem is, of course, that in such a world, it becomes impossible to tell from the source program alone which components have agreed to which contracts. In this paper, we develop the semantic framework of monitoring contracts for dynamic modules. We establish the internal consistency of the semantics, and we sketch an implementation based on our experience of equipping PLT Scheme with such contracts. Copyright © 2009.

关键词： object oriented programming

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Executing Code in the Past: Efficient In-Memory object Graph Versioning 09

Executing Code in the Past: Efficient In-Memory Object Graph...

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24th Annual ACM conference on object-oriented programming, systems, languages and applications

作者： Pluquet, Frederic Langerman, Stefan Wuyts, Roel Univ Libre Bruxelles Dept Comp Sci Fac Sci Brussels Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587349

object versioning refers to how an application can have access to previous states of its objects Implementing this mechanism is hard because it needs to be efficient in space and time, and well integrated with the programming language. This paper presents HistOOry, an object versioning system that uses an efficient data structure to store and retrieve past states. It needs only three primitives, and existing code does not need to be modified to be versioned It provides fine-grained control over what parts of objects are versioned and when It stores all states, past and present, in memory. Code can be executed in the past of the system and will see the complete system at that point in time. We have implemented our model in Smalltalk and used it for three applications that need versioning: checked postconditions, stateful execution tracing and a planar point location implementation. Benchmarks are provided to asses the practical complexity of our implementation.

关键词： object Versioning object-oriented programming Language Design

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Concurrency by default: Using permissions to express dataflow in stateful programs

Concurrency by default: Using permissions to express dataflo...

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oopsla 2009 Companion - 24th Annual ACM conference on object-oriented programming, systems, languages and applications, oopsla 2009

作者： Stork, Sven Marques, Paulo Aldrich, Jonathan Institute for Software Research Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States CISUC Dep. Eng. Informática Polo II University of Coimbra 3030-290 Coimbra Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587660

The rise of the multicore era is catapulting concurrency into mainstream programming. Current programming paradigms build in sequentiality, and as a result, concurrency support in those languages forces programmers into low-level reasoning about execution order. In this paper, we introduce a new programming paradigm in which concurrency is the default. Our Aeminium language uses access permissions to express logical dependencies in the code at a higher level of abstraction than sequential order. Therefore compiler/runtime-system can leverage that dependency information to allow concurrent execution. Because in Aeminium programmers specify dependencies rather than control flow, there is no need to engage in difficult, error-prone, and low-level reasoning about execution order or thread interleavings. Developers can instead focus on the design of the program, and benefit as the runtime automatically extracts the concurrency inherent in their design. Copyright © 2009 ACM.

关键词： Multicore programming

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