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International conference on Computer languages

作者： P. Thrift Texas Instruments Computer Science Center Dallas TX USA

The author presents a set of relational constructs that support logic programming in the Common Lisp framework. These constructs support locally defined and first-class relations, an interface between function and relation-calling logical variables as first-class Lisp objects, and the ability to define relations over Common Lisp structures. The relational programming constructs are amenable to standard Prolog compilation techniques, thus making possible high-speed performance. A relation is an executable specification defined in terms of a sequence of clause-expressions. Each clause-expression specifies a list of argument patterns that determine the selection and local bindings of the clause as well as a sequence of goals that must be satisfied for the clause to succeed. Sequences of clause-expressions are used for defining relations and single lambda-expressions are used for defining functions. As an analog to the usual function-calling execution mode of Common Lisp, a relation-calling mechanism is provided. The semantics of passing values between relations and functions is described.< >

关键词： Logic programming Instruments Computer science programming profession Control systems object oriented modeling Functional programming Runtime Terminology

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object-oriented techniques based on specifications

Object-oriented techniques based on specifications

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IEEE Annual International Computer Software and applications conference (COMPSAC)

作者： V. Berzins Computer Science Department Naval Postgraduate School Monterrey CA USA

object-oriented techniques form a promising approach for realizing an integrated computer-aided software development environment capable of detection and correcting errors early in the development process. The author discusses the connection between formal specifications, object-oriented data models, reusable components, and engineering databases.< >

关键词： object oriented modeling programming Formal specifications Data engineering object oriented databases Software systems Computer science Computer errors Error correction Data models

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An overview of the Iris object-oriented DBMS

An overview of the Iris object-oriented DBMS

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IEEE Compcon

作者： D.H. Fishman Hewlett Packard Laboratories Palo Alto CA USA

The Iris database management system, a research prototype of a next-generation DBMS (database management system) is presented. Iris is intended to meet the needs of new and emerging database applications such as office information and knowledge-based systems, engineering test and measurement, and hardware and software design. In addition to providing for permanence of data, controlled sharing, backup, and recovery, Iris will also provide a number of needed capabilities that include rich data-modeling constructs, uniform access to specialized storage subsystems and to foreign DBMSs, novel data types (images, voice, text, vectors, matrices), prolonged transactions, direct database support for inference, and version control. Iris will also provide sharing of objects across applications and programming languages.< >

关键词： Iris Database systems Image storage Software prototyping Prototypes object oriented databases Application software Knowledge based systems Data engineering Design engineering

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EventBreak: Analyzing the Responsiveness of User Interfaces through Performance-Guided Test Generation

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ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES 2014年第10期49卷 33-47页

作者： Pradel, Michael Schuh, Parker Necula, George Sen, Koushik Univ Calif Berkeley Dept EECS Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Event-driven user interface applications typically have a single thread of execution that processes event handlers in response to input events triggered by the user, the network, or other applications. Programmers must ensure that event handlers terminate after a short amount of time because otherwise, the application may become unresponsive. This paper presents EventBreak, a performance-guided test generation technique to identify and analyze event handlers whose execution time may gradually increase while using the application. The key idea is to systematically search for pairs of events where triggering one event increases the execution time of the other event. For example, this situation may happen because one event accumulates data that is processed by the other event. We implement the approach for JavaScript-based web applications and apply it to three real-world applications. EventBreak discovers events with an execution time that gradually increases in an unbounded way, which makes the application unresponsive, and events that, if triggered repeatedly, reveal a severe scalability problem, which makes the application unusable. The approach reveals two known bugs and four previously unknown responsiveness problems. Furthermore, we show that EventBreak helps in testing that event handlers avoid such problems by bounding a handler's execution time.

关键词： Web applications Testing Test generation Responsiveness Performance

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Cross-Layer Memory Management for Managed Language applications

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ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES 2015年第10期50卷 488-504页

作者： Jantz, Michael R. Robinson, Forrest J. Kulkarni, Prasad A. Doshi, Kshitij A. Univ Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA Univ Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 USA Intel Corp Santa Clara CA 95051 USA

Performance and energy efficiency in memory have become critically important for a wide range of computing domains. However, it is difficult to control and optimize memory power and performance because these effects depend upon activity across multiple layers of the vertical execution stack. To address this challenge, we construct a novel and collaborative framework that employs object placement, cross-layer communication, and page-level management to effectively distribute application objects in the DRAM hardware to achieve desired power/performance goals. In this work, we describe the design and implementation of our framework, which is the first to integrate automatic object profiling and analysis at the application layer with fine-grained management of memory hardware resources in the operating system. We demonstrate the utility of our framework by employing it to more effectively control memory power consumption. We design a custom memory-intensive workload to show the potential of our approach. Next, we develop sampling and profiling-based analyses and modify the code generator in the HotSpot VM to understand object usage patterns and automatically determine and control the placement of hot and cold objects in a partitioned VM heap. This information is communicated to the operating system, which uses it to map the logical application pages to the appropriate DRAM ranks according to user-defined provisioning goals. We evaluate our framework and find that it achieves our test goal of significant DRAM energy savings across a variety of workloads, without any source code modifications or recompilations.

关键词： Design Experimentation Performance Cross-layer Power Efficiency DRAM HotSpot

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Type management system in the Nexus distributed programming environment

Type management system in the Nexus distributed programming ...

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IEEE Annual International Computer Software and applications conference (COMPSAC)

作者： A. Tripathi S. Ong Department of Computer Science University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA

Nexus is an object-oriented distributed operating system for local-area networks of heterogeneous workstations. The authors present the salient features of the Nexus design and its type management system. The Nexus design explicitly provides mechanisms for type inheritance and for simultaneously supporting different versions for a given abstract type in the network. A functional view of the type management system is considered.< >

关键词： Environmental management programming environments Operating systems Workstations object oriented modeling Fault tolerant systems Local area networks Sun Distributed computing Intelligent networks

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Embedded behavior pattern languages: a contribution to a taxonomy of case languages

Embedded behavior pattern languages: a contribution to a tax...

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Annual Hawaii International conference on System Sciences (HICSS)

作者： P.T. Ward Software Development Concepts NY USA

As a contribution to the systematic classification of software-modeling languages, a class of languages designated embedded behaviour pattern (EBP) languages is described, and its members are compared and contrasted. The EBP languages include the Ward/Mellor and Boeing/Hatley structured analysis extensions, the Jackson system development notation, and Harel's Statechart-activity chart notation. These notations are relevant to the building of specification models because they display clear one-to-one correspondences between elements of the model and elements of the application domain. These notations are also amenable to a style of model partitioning that is related to object-oriented development.< >

关键词： Taxonomy Computer aided software engineering object oriented modeling Graphics programming Software tools Buildings Displays Application software Software systems

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Stateless Model Checking of Event-Driven applications

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ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES 2015年第10期50卷 57-73页

作者： Jensen, Casper S. Moller, Anders Raychev, Veselin Dimitrov, Dimitar Vechev, Martin Aarhus Univ Dept Comp Sci DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci Zurich Switzerland

Modern event-driven applications, such as, web pages and mobile apps, rely on asynchrony to ensure smooth end-user experience. Unfortunately, even though these applications are executed by a single event-loop thread, they can still exhibit nondeterministic behaviors depending on the execution order of interfering asynchronous events. As in classic shared-memory concurrency, this nondeterminism makes it challenging to discover errors that manifest only in specific schedules of events. In this work we propose the first stateless model checker for event-driven applications, called R4. Our algorithm systematically explores the nondeterminism in the application and concisely exposes its overall effect, which is useful for bug discovery. The algorithm builds on a combination of three key insights: (i) a dynamic partial order reduction (DPOR) technique for reducing the search space, tailored to the domain of event-driven applications, (ii) conflict-reversal bounding based on a hypothesis that most errors occur with a small number of event reorderings, and (iii) approximate replay of event sequences, which is critical for separating harmless from harmful nondeterminism. We instantiate R4 for the domain of client-side web applications and use it to analyze event interference in a number of real-world programs. The experimental results indicate that the precision and overall exploration capabilities of our system significantly exceed that of existing techniques.

关键词： Model checking partial order reduction data races web applications event-driven applications

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The specification of concurrency: an object-based approach

The specification of concurrency: an object-based approach

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International Phoenix conference on Computers and Communications (IPCCC)

作者： A. Corradi L. Leonardi Dipartimento di Elettronica Informatica e Sistemistica Universita di Bologna Bologna Italy

An object-based model that stresses the parallel objects (PO) property of parallelism is presented. The main goal of an environment based on PO is to allow the user a maximally parallel decomposition of its applications. Two types of parallelism, interobject and intraobject parallelism, are utilized. The former results from the intrinsic capacity of execution associated with any object. The latter is guaranteed by the concurrent presence of activities within the same object. Thus, the PO scenario is made up of active objects that may have several internal activities going on simultaneously. The authors focus on intraobject parallelism and its expression; it is obtained by high-level specifications. This feature takes advantage of the uniformity and dynamism of object systems. Intraobject behavior can be decided and updated on an object base. In PO, several different concurrency strategies can be investigated and rapidly prototyped. PO is particularly suited to applications whose specifications have a high rate of updating.< >

关键词： Concurrent computing Parallel processing Protection Prototypes programming environments Scheduling Stress Logic programming Artificial intelligence Computer languages

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Detecting Redundant CSS Rules in HTML5 applications: A Tree Rewriting Approach

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ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES 2015年第10期50卷 1-19页

作者： Hague, Matthew Lin, Anthony W. Ong, C. -H. Luke Univ London London WC1E 7HU England Yale NUS Coll Singapore Singapore Univ Oxford Oxford OX1 2JD England

HTML5 applications normally have a large set of CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) rules for data display. Each CSS rule consists of a node selector and a declaration block (which assigns values to selected nodes' display attributes). As web applications evolve, maintaining CSS files can easily become problematic. Some CSS rules will be replaced by new ones, but these obsolete (hence redundant) CSS rules often remain in the applications. Not only does this "bloat" the applications increasing the bandwidth requirement but it also significantly increases web browsers' processing time. Most works on detecting redundant CSS rules in HTML5 applications do not consider the dynamic behaviors of HTML5 (specified in Java Script);in fact, the only proposed method that takes these into account is dynamic analysis, which cannot soundly prove redundancy of CSS rules. In this paper, we introduce an abstraction of HTML5 applications based on monotonic tree rewriting and study its "redundancy problem". We establish the precise complexity of the problem and various subproblems of practical importance (ranging from P to EXP). In particular, our algorithm relies on an efficient reduction to an analysis of symbolic pushdown systems (for which highly optimised solvers are available), which yields a fast method for checking redundancy in practice. We implemented our algorithm and demonstrated its efficacy in detecting redundant CSS rules in HTML5 applications.

关键词： HTML5 jQuery CSS redundancy analysis static analysis tree rewriting symbolic pushdown systems

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