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Dealing with massive data with a distributed expectation propagation particle filter for object tracking

Dealing with massive data with a distributed expectation pro...

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international conference on Information Fusion

作者： Allan De Freitas Lyudmila Mihaylova Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield United Kingdom

Target tracking in distributed networks faces the challenge in coping with large volumes of distributed data which requires efficient methods for real time applications with minimal communication overhead. the complexity considered in this paper is when each sensor in a distributed network observes a large number of measurements which are all required to be processed at each time step. the particle filter has been widely used for localisation and tracking in distributed networks with a small number of measurements [1]. this paper goes beyond the current state-of-the-art and presents a novel particle filter approach, combined with the expectation propagation framework, that is capable of dealing with the challenges presented by a large volume of measurements in a distributed network. In the proposed algorithm, the measurements are processed in parallel at each sensor node in the network and the communication overhead is minimised substantially. We show results with large improvements in communication overhead, with a negligible loss in tracking performance, compared with the standard centralised particle filter.

关键词： Atmospheric measurements Particle measurements Time measurement Current measurement distributed databases Particle filters Estimation

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In Situ Power Analysis of General Purpose Graphical Processing Units

In Situ Power Analysis of General Purpose Graphical Processi...

引用

Euromicro conference on parallel, distributed and Network-Based Processing

作者： M.Z. Shaikh M. Gregoire W. Li M. Wroblewski S. Simon Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

In this paper, an in situ power analysis profiling over time for general purpose graphics processing units (GPGPU) is presented. Based on this method the power consumption of different modes of operations like data transfer between GPU and host CPU, basic single precision floating point arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication) on the multiprocessor units and instructions for shared and global memory access can be measured. there is a factor of 2 difference in power dissipation between various instructions and mode of operations of the GPGPUs. these measurements provide data for an instruction based power estimation of GPU software. It turns out that the power profile over time also gives a good understanding on which section of the program is executed at a certain point in time. the experimental results have been derived from two GPU architectures, namely the GT200 and the GF100 architecture.

关键词： Graphics processing unit Power dissipation Computer architecture Finite difference methods Time domain analysis Kernel Power measurement

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parallel Large-Scale Structure from Motion by distributed Averaging 4

Parallel Large-Scale Structure from Motion by Distributed Av...

引用

4th international conference on Electronic Information Technology and Computer Engineering, EITCE 2020

作者： Lin, Pengfei Bao, Yongtang Du, Wenxiang Qi, Yue Beihang University Beihang University Qingdao Research Institute Qingdao China College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality and Technology Beihang University Beihang University Qingdao Research Institute Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450387811

With the development of computer vision, Structure from Motion (SFM) which recovers sparse point clouds from image sequences has achieved great success. Large-scale scenes cannot be reconstructed with a single compute node so that we introduce a divide-And-conquer framework to solve the distributed SFM problem. First, we attach great importance to the efficiency of image matching and geometric filtering, which takes up a lot of time in the traditional SFM problem. We use the GPS information of images to calculate the GPS neighborhood. the number of image matches is greatly reduced by matching each image with only valid GPS neighbors, and a robust matching relationship is obtained. Second, the calculated matching relationship is used as the initial camera graph to be divided into multiple subgraphs by the clustering algorithm, and local SFM is executed on several computing nodes to register the local cameras. Finally, all local camera poses are integrated and optimized to complete the global camera registration. Our system can solve the structure from motion problem in large-scale scenes with accuracy and efficiency. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： Global positioning system

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Dynamic I/O Reconfiguration for a NFS-Based parallel File System

Dynamic I/O Reconfiguration for a NFS-Based Parallel File Sy...

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Euromicro conference on parallel, distributed and Network-Based Processing

作者： Rodrigo Kassick Francieli Zanon Boito Philippe O.A. Navaux Instituto de Informática Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Brazil

the large gap between the speed in which data can be processed and the performance of I/O devices makes the shared storage infrastructure of a cluster a great bottle-neck. parallel File systems try to smooth such difference by distributing data onto several servers, increasing the system's available bandwidth. However, most implementations use a fixed number of I/O servers, defined during the initialization of the system, and can not add new resources without a complete redistribution of the existing data. With the execution of different applications at the same time, the concurrent access to these resources can aggravate the existing bottleneck, making very hard to define an initial number of servers that satisfies the performance requirements of different applications. this paper presents a reconfiguration mechanism for the dNFSp file system that uses on-line monitoring of application's I/O behavior to detect performance contention and dedicate more I/O resources to applications with higher demands. these extra resources are taken from the available nodes of the cluster, using their I/O devices as a temporary storage. We show that this strategy is capable of increasing the I/O performance in up to 200% for access patterns with short I/O phases and 47% for longer I/O phases.

关键词： Servers Bandwidth Performance evaluation File systems Computer architecture Monitoring Benchmark testing

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Optimization of complex SPARQL Analytical queries 19

Optimization of complex SPARQL Analytical queries

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19th international conference on Extending Database Technology, EDBT 2016

作者： Ravindra, Padmashree Kim, Hyeongsik Anyanwu, Kemafor Microsoft Corporation Redmond United States North Carolina State University Raleigh United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783893180707

Analytical queries are crucial for many emerging Semantic Web applications such as clinical-trial recruiting in Life Sciences that incorporate patient and drug profile data. Such queries compare aggregates over multiple groupings of data which pose challenges in expression and optimization of complex grouping-aggregation constraints. While these challenges have been addressed in relational models, the semi-structured nature of RDF introduces additional challenges that need further investigation. Each grouping required in an RDF analytical query maps to a graph pattern subquery with related groups leading to overlapping graph patterns within the same query. the resulting algebraic expressions for such queries contain large numbers of joins, groupings and aggregations, posing significant challenges for present-day optimizers. In this paper, we propose an approach for supporting efficient and scalable RDF analytics that follows the well known technique of simplifying algebraic expressions of RDF analytical queries in a way that enables better optimization. Specifically, the approach is based on a refactoring of analytical queries expressed in the relational-like SPARQL algebra based on a new set of logical operators. this refactoring achieves shared execution of common subexpressions that enables parallel evaluation of groupings as well aggregations, leading to reduced I/O and processing costs, particularly beneficial for scale-out processing on distributed Cloud systems. Experiments on real-world and synthetic benchmarks confirm that such a rewriting can achieve up to 10X speedup over relational-style SPARQL query plans executed on popular Cloud systems. © 2016, Copyright is with the authors.

关键词： distributed cloud

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Adaptive MaxEnt modeling of distributed decision fusion without knowledge of prior probabilities of local decisions

Adaptive MaxEnt modeling of distributed decision fusion with...

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international conference on Information Fusion

作者： Ivan Kadar Kenneth Hintz Interlink Systems Sciences Inc. Lake Success NY USA Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering George Mason University Fairfax VA U.S.A.

We introduce the method of the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model for fusing local decisions in a distributed multiple sensor system. the fusion center receives local binary decisions in the usual parallel architecture. No assumptions are made about knowing any local decision rules. Our approach is based on the concept of machine learning, wherein the MaxEnt parametric model is used for supervised classification and prediction serving as the central (global) decision rule. therefore, the system is able to learn the detection performance of the sensors as a function of time without prior knowledge of the actual probabilities of local decisions, only requiring an initial set of random training data. thus it is demonstrated that the system is adaptive and can learn contextual changes of the sensors. Furthermore, we provide simulation results comparing the MaxEnt fusion center performance with published results using both the Bayesian formulation and Neyman-Pearson criterion and with MaxEnt achieving the best, realistic detection performance demonstrating the effectiveness of the method.

关键词： Entropy Training data Adaptive systems Data models Bayes methods Adaptation models

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Adaptive parallel Interval Global Optimization Algorithms Based on their Performance for Non-dedicated Multicore Architectures

Adaptive Parallel Interval Global Optimization Algorithms Ba...

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Euromicro conference on parallel, distributed and Network-Based Processing

作者： J.F. Sanjuan Estrada L.G. Casado I. García Universidad de Almeria Almeria AndalucÃa ES Department of Computer Architecture and Electronics University of Almeria Almería Spain Department of Computer Architecture University of Mälaga Mälaga Spain

Branch and Bound (B&B) algorithms are highly parallelizable but they are irregular and dynamic load balancing techniques have been used to avoid idle processors. In previous work, authors use a dynamic number of threads at run time, which depends on the measured performance of the application for just one interval B&B algorithm running on the system. In this way, load balancing is achieved by thread generation decisions. In this work, we extend the study of these models to non-dedicated systems. In order to have a controlled test bed and comparable results, several instances of the interval global optimization algorithm are executed in the system, with the same model and problem to solve. therefore, a non-dedicated system is simulated because the execution of one application affects the execution of the other instances. this paper discusses different methods and models to decide when a thread should be created. Experiments show which of the proposed methods performs best in terms of maximum running time per application, using the fewest running threads. Following this parallel programming methodology, which is well suited for other B&B codes, applications can adapt their parallelism level to their performance and load of the system(at run time). this work represents a step forward towards increasing the performance of parallel algorithm running in non-dedicated and heterogeneous systems. the adaptive model discussed in this work is able to reduce the overall execution time for a set of instances of the same application running simultaneously. It also exempts the user from specifying the number of threads each application should use.

关键词： Instruction sets Kernel Computational modeling Adaptation model Load modeling parallel processing

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distributed Control System for Medium-Voltage STATCOM based on parallel Connected Power Converters

Distributed Control System for Medium-Voltage STATCOM based ...

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international (EPE-PEMC) Power Electronics and Motion Control conference

作者： Josef Štengl Tomáš Komrska Jakub Talla Tomáš Košan Petr Burian Libor Poláček Zdenék Peroutka Pavel Turjanica Regional Innovation Centre for Electrical Engineering University of West Bohemia Pilsen Czech Republic

Power semiconductor installations in medium-voltage power grids are usually built by numerous particular power converter units containing large number of power modules. Such large installations place high demands on control systems including precise timing and signal distribution across the whole system. this paper deals with a proposed distributed modular control system designed for STATCOM installed in a MV power grid of 22 kV. the proposed control system is designed for a real-time control of the converter with high-speed interference-immune communication, reliable synchronization of numerous PWM outputs and synchronous immediate blocking of fire pulses for safe central stop in case of error handling.

关键词： Decentralized control Medium voltage Pulse width modulation Power system stability Reliability engineering Power transistors Power grids

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Dynamic Agent Platform Discovery for Real-Time Resource Selection

Dynamic Agent Platform Discovery for Real-Time Resource Sele...

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IEEE international conference on Intelligent Engineering systems

作者： Z. Balogh E. Gatial L. Hluchy Institute of Informatics Slovak Academy of Sciences/Department of Parallel and Distributed Computing

ISBN: (纸本)9781479908271

In this paper we present a dynamic agent platform discovery system which is used for real-time resource selection during crisis situations. We present a motivating use case and we describe the implementation and design details of the proposed system. Comparison of invocation mechanisms of agents as a direct result of AP discovery is discussed. We also present a scenario on which the discovery mechanism was evaluated.

关键词： Agents systems comparison Platform CALLING(PROGRAMMING)

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A novel implementation of sequential output based parallel processing - orthogonal wavelet division multiplexing for DAS on SDR platform

A novel implementation of sequential output based parallel p...

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IEEE international conference on Electronics, Circuits and systems (ICECS)

作者： Chinmaya Mahapatra Ashwin Ramakrishnan thanos Stouraitis Victor C.M. Leung Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada

the distributed antenna system (DAS) concept promises to enhance the capacity and diversity of next-generation wireless communication networks, due to the inherently added micro and macro diversity. Today, DAS is widely employed in cutting edge cellular communication to cover dead spots. the complexity of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) makes it challenging to build efficient and cost effective DAS systems. Orthogonal Wavelet Division Multiplexing (OWDM) is a system that has been proposed as an alternative to OFDM. In this paper we present a novel Sequential Output based parallel Processing (SBPP) architecture for DAS using OWDM scheme. the experimental evaluation was done on a virtual test bed that includes one central processor with multiple antenna nodes and multiple mobile stations. the novel architecture shows a new approach that could provide a more flexible replacement for OFDM with reduced Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) and Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI), while still maintaining the same channel capacity characteristics as OFDM. the architecture also demonstrates an efficient resource optimization technique based on LTE-driven data rate requirements for multimedia applications.

关键词： Computer architecture Peak to average power ratio Field programmable gate arrays Wavelet transforms Modulation Finite impulse response filter

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