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Types and Semantics for Extensible Data Types 21st

Types and Semantics for Extensible Data Types

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21st asian symposium on programming languages and systems (APLAS)

作者： van der Rest, Cas Poulsen, Casper Bach Delft Univ Technol Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9789819983100;9789819983117

Developing and maintaining software commonly requires (1) adding new data type constructors to existing applications, but also (2) adding new functions that work on existing data. Most programming languages have native support for defining data types and functions in a way that supports either (1) or (2), but not both. This lack of native support makes it difficult to use and extend libraries. A theoretically well-studied solution is to define data types and functions using initial algebra semantics. While it is possible to encode this solution in existing programming languages, such encodings add syntactic and interpretive overhead, and commonly fail to take advantage of the map and fold fusion laws of initial algebras which compilers could exploit to generate more efficient code. A solution to these is to provide native support for initial algebra semantics. In this paper, we develop such a solution and present a type discipline and core calculus for a language with native support for initial algebra semantics.

关键词： Type systems Modularity programming Language Design Categorical Semantics

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Compilation Semantics for a programming Language with Versions 21st

Compilation Semantics for a Programming Language with Versio...

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21st asian symposium on programming languages and systems (APLAS)

作者： Tanabe, Yudai Lubis, Luthfan Anshar Aotani, Tomoyuki Masuhara, Hidehiko Kyoto Univ Kyoto Japan Tokyo Inst Technol Tokyo Japan Sanyo Onoda City Univ Yamaguchi Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819983100;9789819983117

programming with versions is a paradigm that allows a program to use multiple versions of a module so that the programmer can selectively use functions from both older and newer versions of a single module. Previous work formalized lambda(VL), a core calculus for programming with versions, but it has not been integrated into practical programming languages. In this paper, we propose VL, a Haskell-subset surface language for lambda(VL) along with its compilation method. We formally describe the core part of the VL compiler, which translates from the surface language to the core language by leveraging Girard's translation, soundly infers the consistent version of expressions along with their types, and generates a multi-version interface by bundling specific-version interfaces. We conduct a case study to show how VL supports practical software evolution scenarios and discuss the method's scalability.

关键词： Type system Type inference Version control system

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Incorrectness Proofs for Object-Oriented Programs via Subclass Reflection 21st

Incorrectness Proofs for Object-Oriented Programs via Subcla...

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21st asian symposium on programming languages and systems (APLAS)

作者： Li, Wenhua Le, Quang Loc Song, Yahui Chin, Wei-Ngan Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore UCL London England

ISBN: (纸本)9789819983100;9789819983117

Inheritance and method overriding are crucial concepts in object-oriented programming (OOP) languages. These concepts support a hierarchy of classes that reuse common data and methods. Most existing works for OO verification focus on modular reasoning in which they could support dynamic dispatching and thus efficiently enforce the Liskov substitution principle on behavioural subtyping. They are based on superclass abstraction to reason about the correctness of OO programs. However, techniques to reason about the incorrectness of OOP are yet to be investigated. In this paper, we present a mechanism that 1) specifies the normal and abnormal executions of OO programs by using ok specifications and er specifications respectively;2) verifies these specifications by a novel under-approximation proof system based on incorrectness logic that can support dynamic modularity. We introduce subclass reflection with dynamic views and an adapted subtyping relation for under-approximation. Our proposal can deal with both OOP aspects (e.g., behavioural subtyping and casting) and under-approximation aspects (e.g., dropping paths). To demonstrate how the proposed proof system can soundly verify the specifications, we prove its soundness, prototype the proof system, and report on experimental results. The results show that our system can precisely reason about the incorrectness of programs with OOP aspects, such as proving the presence of casting errors and null-pointer-exceptions.

关键词： Object oriented programming

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IRIS: Exploring Performance Scaling of the Intelligent Runtime System and its Dynamic Scheduling Policies

IRIS: Exploring Performance Scaling of the Intelligent Runti...

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1st International Conference on Smart Energy systems and Artificial Intelligence (SESAI)

作者： Johnston, Beau Miniskar, Narasinga Rao Young, Aaron Monil, Mohammad Alaul Haque Lee, Seyong Vetter, Jeffrey S. Oak Ridge Natl Lab Oak Ridge TN 37830 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364613;9798350364606

High-Performance Computing is becoming increasingly heterogeneous, relying on a diverse mix of hardware to achieve good performance. Paradoxically, current drivers and frameworks for these devices typically require separate languages and implementations for each vendor. Furthermore, there are few tools and little support to schedule codes between these devices in a truly heterogeneous manner partly because of this fragmentation between vendors and the languages each supports. To overcome both limitations, the Intelligent Runtime System (IRIS) was developed. It allows a common task abstraction to automatically be shared among contemporary vendors and is run from a single host-side API. At runtime, IRIS queries the host system and registers which frameworks and drivers are available, these determine which kernels can be used by the scheduler-CPUs via OpenMP, Nvidia GPUs (CUDA), AMD CPUs (HIP), and Intel and Xilinx FPGAs with OpenCL. IRIS enables tasks to he scheduled to any heterogeneous device and resolves to the appropriate kernel binary at runtime it only uses the devices supported by the system on which it is run. IRIS supports single-task and graph-based expressions of dependencies of tasks. Additionally, IRIS features a range of dynamic scheduling policies, allowing complex chains of tasks and interactions to be executed, relieving the programmer/user from considering the system to assign tasks to devices optimally. This paper presents the peak performance attainable by IRIS over a range of systems each with different numbers and types of accelerator devices, it highlights the flexibility of IRIS since these devices are truly heterogeneous, relying on different back ends (drivers, frameworks, and languages) which historically required unique implementations to utilize them. We then use this peak performance as a baseline to compare increasingly complex chains of tasks (with increasingly complex task dependencies) and evaluate how IRIS copes. Finally, we consider

关键词： Execution Model Heterogeneous Computing Heterogeneous systems High-Performance Computing Performance Portability programming Models Runtime System Scheduling Policy Task Schedule

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Systematic Literature Review of Methods for Maintaining Data Integrity 10th

Systematic Literature Review of Methods for Maintaining Data...

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10th International Conference on New Trends in Model and Data Engineering, MEDI 2021 held with 4th International Workshop on Modeling, Verification and Testing of Dependable Critical systems, DETECT 2021, symposium on Intelligent and Autonomous systems, SIAS 2021, 1st Workshop on Control Software: Methods, Models, and languages, CSMML 2021, Workshop on Blockchain for Inter-Organizational Collaboration, BIOC 2021 and 1st International Health Data Workshop, HEDA 2021

作者： Kask, Marten Piho, Gunnar Ross, Peeter Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn Estonia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030876562

Diverse data is collected in health care for secondary usage. However, this data is collected by various parties and processed by numerous information systems. Hence, to get reliable results, the data integrity must be maintained. This paper aims to discover applications that are introduced to ensure the integrity of the data collected in different fields including the medical field. The Systematic Literature Review method is used in this research to map the appropriate methods for future studies. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Computer programming

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Refinable Record structures in Formal Methods 10th

Refinable Record Structures in Formal Methods

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作者： Fathabadi, Asieh Salehi Snook, Colin Hoang, Thai Son Dghaym, Dana Butler, Michael ECS University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783030876562

state-based formal specifications benefit from data structuring mechanisms, which collate associated properties and efficiently declare complex types. For example, ‘record’ data structures, similar to those used in programming languages, can be built into the concrete syntax of a language as an enhancement over flat data relationships. While this is relatively simple to achieve for a single-level specification, it becomes significantly more involved when the specification language allows for progressive refinement of the data supporting the specification. Individual fields may be added to create sub-records within a refinement and replaced to create refined records during a refinement step. The impact on the ability to verify invariant and refinement proof obligations must be considered. Here we describe a record structuring syntax that includes notions of extension and inheritance that can be used in a refinement-based formal method. We illustrate the approach using extensions to the Event-B formal method. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Specification languages

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Using Process-Oriented structured Text for IEC 61499 Function Block Specification 10th

Using Process-Oriented Structured Text for IEC 61499 Functio...

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作者： Zyubin, Vladimir Rozov, Andrei Institute of Automation and Electrometry Acad. Koptyuga prosp. 1 Novosibirsk630090 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030876562

This paper deals with leveraging the IEC 61499 Function Blocks with the post language. The post language is a process-oriented extension of the IEC 61131-3 structured Text (st) language. The language targets specifying stateful behavior of PLC-based control software. The main purpose of our contribution is to provide coherence of the PLC source code with technological description of the plant operating procedure. The language combines the advantages of FSM-based programming with conventional syntax of the st language and can be easily adopted by the community. The post language assumes that a post-program is a set of weakly connected concurrent processes. Each process is specified by a sequential set of states. The states are specified by a set of the st constructs, extended by TIMEOUT operation, SET stATE operation, and stART/stOP/check state operations to communicate with other processes. The paper describes the basics of the post language, design constructs, and demonstrates usage of the post language by developing control software for a wheel-chair elevator, and discusses the post language over the control software implementation in Execution Control Chart. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Software design

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Scallina: Translating Verified Programs from Coq to Scala 16th

Scallina: Translating Verified Programs from Coq to Scala

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16th asian symposium on programming languages and systems (APLAS)

作者： El Bakouny, Youssef Mezher, Dani St Joseph Univ CIMTI ESIB Beirut Lebanon

ISBN: (纸本)9783030027674;9783030027681

This paper presents the Scallina prototype: a new tool which allows the translation of verified Coq programs to Scala. A typical workflow features a user implementing a functional program in Gallina, the core language of Coq, proving this program's correctness with regards to its specification and making use of Scallina to synthesize readable Scala components. This synthesis of readable, debuggable and traceable Scala components facilitates their integration into larger Scala or Java applications;opening the door for a wider community of programmers to benefit from the Coq proof assistant. Furthermore, the current implementation of the Scallina translator, along with its underlying formalization of the Scallina grammar and corresponding translation strategy, paves the way for an optimal support of the Scala programming language in Coq's native extraction mechanism.

关键词： Formal methods Functional programming Compiler Coq Scala

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JetsonLeap: A Framework to Measure Energy-Aware Code Optimizations in Embedded and Heterogeneous systems 1

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20th Brazilian symposium on Programing languages (SBLP)

作者： Bessa, Tarsila Quintao, Pedro Frank, Michael Quintao Pereira, Fernando Magno Univ Fed Minas Gerais Ave Antonio Carlos 6627 BR-31270010 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil LG Mobile Res San Jose Lab 2540 Norh 1st Str San Jose CA 95131 USA

ISBN: (数字)9783319452791

ISBN: (纸本)9783319452791;9783319452784

Energy-aware techniques are becoming a staple feature among compiler analyses and optimizations. However, the programming languages community still does not have access to cheap and precise technology to measure the power dissipated by a given program. This paper describes a solution to this problem. To this end, we introduce Jetson-Leap, a framework that enables the design and test of energy-aware code transformations. JetsonLeap consists of an embedded hardware, in our case, the Nvidia Tegra TK1 System on a Chip Device, a circuit to control the flow of energy, of our own design, plus a library to instrument program parts. We can measure reliably the energy spent by 400.000 instructions, about half a millisecond of program execution. Our entire infra-structure - board, power meter and circuit - can be reproduced with about $500.00. To demonstrate the efficacy of our framework, we have used it to measure energy consumption of programs running on ARM cores, on the GPU, and on a remote server. Furthermore, we have studied the impact of OpenACC directives on the energy efficiency of high-performance applications.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Microcontroller Energy Consumption Estimation Based on Software Analysis for Embedded systems 1

Microcontroller Energy Consumption Estimation Based on Softw...

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1st Nordic Circuits systems Conference (NORCAS) - NORCHIP / International symposium on System Chip (SoC) 2015

作者： Ruberg, Priit Lass, Keijo Ellervee, Peeter Tallinn Univ Technol Dept Comp Engn Tallinn Estonia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467365765

In this paper, we present a energy consumption estimation method for microcontrollers. Vast amount of work in this topic has been done based on measuring the energy per instruction in low level programming languages like assembler. However, in our approach we use solely C programs and instructions without any regard to lower level languages. The method is based on measuring energy per each C instruction in the benchmark program and using the result to estimate the total energy consumed by the program. As a test case we use simple image processing algorithm including Gaussian blur and edge detection on PIC PIC32MX460F512L microcontroller. We show that the method is scalable on different microcontroller voltages and clock frequencies with only one set of measurements to reduce the amount of preparation work for estimation. We show that the estimation results give us credibility with less than 7% error.

关键词： Microcontrollers Embedded systems instruction benchmark program CASING INSPECTION Gaussian blur low-level programming languages energy consumption Edge detection Scalability total energy

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