A novel non-silicon MEMS calorimetric gas flow sensor is presented. The sensor consists of a metal sensing/heating array placed over a glass substrate and a polyimide layer for passivation. Both the anti-pressure and ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781424401390
A novel non-silicon MEMS calorimetric gas flow sensor is presented. The sensor consists of a metal sensing/heating array placed over a glass substrate and a polyimide layer for passivation. Both the anti-pressure and anti-impact performance is enhanced by using a glass solid substrate instead of a common silicon suspending structure. This merit widens the application range of micro calorimetric sensors from millimeter- or sub-millimeter-tubes to industrial 50 mm-tubes. Both the three-element calorimetric mode and the two-element calorimetric mode were operated and calibrated on an industrial gas calibration system. It is shown that the measuring range of the prototype reaches up to 0-37.5 m3/h. Both Characteristics and optimization methods of the two calorimetric modes are discussed respectively and comparison of the two calorimetric modes is also included.
Recently there has been a significant interest in distributed detection and data fusion with analog-relay amplifier local processing under a global power constraint [1-3]. In particular, it was shown in [3] that the o...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781424404681
Recently there has been a significant interest in distributed detection and data fusion with analog-relay amplifier local processing under a global power constraint [1-3]. In particular, it was shown in [3] that the optimal fusion performance for a distributedstochastic signal detection is achieved by a finite number of sensors. In this paper, we propose a sensor system optimization method based on the Bhattachrya error exponent. In addition to the global power constraint we also consider the case in which the total available bandwidth may also be limited. Assuming an equi-correlated signalling model we derive the error exponents to the Bayesian fusion performance for asymptotically large systems. Again we optimize the sensor system size based on the Bhattacharya error exponent and provide simple rules that are valid for either the low or high observation SNR regimes.
In order to avoid the displacement of the AFM cantilever in surface forces measurement, a force-balanced MEMS sensor is developed. The probe of the sensor is a pendulous micromachined sensing element, which can be con...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781424401390
In order to avoid the displacement of the AFM cantilever in surface forces measurement, a force-balanced MEMS sensor is developed. The probe of the sensor is a pendulous micromachined sensing element, which can be considered as a pair of differential capacitors. When the sensor is designed as a closed-loop system, the electrostatic force feedback can balance the surface force supplied on the sensing probe, and maintain the pendulum of the probe at the balance position. Consequently, when using the force-balanced MEMS sensor, the surface force between two surfaces can be measured with precisely controlled distance, and the displacement of the conventional cantilever is avoided. Experiment on surface force measurement between the pendulum surface of the probe and a ball's surface is performed, as the distance between the two surfaces is controlled by a nanopositioner.
sensor networks typically comprise of a number of inexpensive small devices with processing, communication and sensing abilities that collaborate to perform a common task sensor devices use batteries as their sole pow...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780780395749
sensor networks typically comprise of a number of inexpensive small devices with processing, communication and sensing abilities that collaborate to perform a common task sensor devices use batteries as their sole power supply. The operational lifetime of a sensor network, therefore, depends entirely on the better utilization of the devices. Typically a sensor network is divided into clusters to optimize power utilization by performing division of labor and data aggregation within a cluster. This paper introduces a novel approach to naturally distributed clustering of sensor nodes in a sensor net using multi channel data planes. Our technique incorporates a virtual sense mechanism that reduces energy spent in sampling and transmissiom It also decreases network traffic, thereby decreasing contention, potential collisions and retransmissions. This approach inherently implements a sleep-awake mechanism based on virtual sensing that contributes towards increasing the network lifetime by efficient utilization. The proposed technique can be used to track spreading phenomenon like forest fires and water flows. A spreading phenomenon can be represented by afield whose value changes dynamically with time over area. We focus on following the movement of such a dynamically changing field rather than obtaining the value of the field at different locations at disjoint random times.
To address the problem of unsupervised outlier detection in wireless sensor networks, we develop an algorithm that (1) is flexible with respect to the outlier definition, (2) works in-network with a communication load...
详细信息
The art and science of sensing and responding to dynamic data over vast areas through distributed network of assets has long been in existence for centuries. Much of the current and emerging developments in sensor-Net...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0769525539
The art and science of sensing and responding to dynamic data over vast areas through distributed network of assets has long been in existence for centuries. Much of the current and emerging developments in sensor-Networks and Trusted computing have their metaphorical counterparts seen in history. Clear insights into the architecture and effective practices in Command, Control, Communication, Computation, Collaboration and Coordination (C*) have much to offer to the way we design and deploy new and innovative sensors as we continue to exploit latest developments in micro- and nano- scale sensors and systems. This paper presents a brief overview of how a complex web of intelligent autonomous and heterogeneous sensors might be used in a dynamic environment. The key elements of enabling technologies and required capabilities are identified to facilitate a paradigm for (design and deployment of) sensors, driven by system level considerations.
sensor coverage will benefit from finding better ways to communicate among smaller sensors. Also, as development in nanotechnology progresses, the need for low-cost, robust, reliable communication among nano-machines ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781424403905
sensor coverage will benefit from finding better ways to communicate among smaller sensors. Also, as development in nanotechnology progresses, the need for low-cost, robust, reliable communication among nano-machines will become apparent. Communication and signaling within newly engineered inorganic and biological nano-systems will allow for extremely dense and efficient distributed operation. This paper examines these potential benefits from the perspective of using individual nanotubes within random carbon nanotube networks (CNT) to carry information. One may imagine small CNT networks with functionalized nanotubes sensing multiple elements inserted into a cell in vivo. The information from each nanotube sensor can be fused within the network. This is clearly distinct from traditional, potentially less efficient, approaches of using CNT networks to construct transistors. The CNT network and routing of information is an integral part of the physical layer. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) are modeled as linear tubes positioned in two dimensions via central coordinates with a specified angle. A network graph is extracted from the layout of the tubes and the ability to route information at the level of individual nanotubes is considered. The impact of random tube characteristics, such as location and angle, upon the corresponding network graph and its impacts are examined.
Due to novel mechanical and electrical properties of nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes and semiconducting oxide nanobelts, utilizing nanomaterials in micro electromechanical structure to improve performances of ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781424401390
Due to novel mechanical and electrical properties of nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes and semiconducting oxide nanobelts, utilizing nanomaterials in micro electromechanical structure to improve performances of sensors has attracted many interests. In this paper, we report a novel micro/nano cantilever structure applying to sense accelerations based on resonant detection. The structure is comprised of a seismic micromachined inertial mass supported by two parallel ZnO nanobelts as doubly-clamped nano-cantilevers suspending between two metal electrodes located over a micromachined trench. Another bottom electrode located underneath the mass is utilized to apply electrostatic force on the mass. The acceleration normal to the mass plane induces electrostatic stiffness change and, in turn, a change in the resonant frequency. We propose design and an effective fabrication for this sensorstructure.
We present a micro electrical impedance particle sensor. To solve the problem of large electrode electrolyte interface impedance, we electroplated the electrodes with platinum black. Devices are fabricated with integr...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781424401390
We present a micro electrical impedance particle sensor. To solve the problem of large electrode electrolyte interface impedance, we electroplated the electrodes with platinum black. Devices are fabricated with integrated parylene technology. An electrical model for the system is proposed and analytic solutions are obtained. Impedance spectra measurement of the device filled with various media are in excellent agreement with model analysis. Signals from individual 10 pin polystyrene beads passing the sensing electrodes are successfully obtained.
An important design challenge for node scheduling is to extend the lifespan of sensor networks while preserving sufficient sensing coverage after switching off some sensors. This paper adapts the Energy-balanced COord...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)1424404630
An important design challenge for node scheduling is to extend the lifespan of sensor networks while preserving sufficient sensing coverage after switching off some sensors. This paper adapts the Energy-balanced COordinated Node Scheduling (ECONS) scheme, a distributed and adaptive protocol previously developed for flat sensor-net architecture, to the clustered architecture. ECONS exploits a geometry-inclusive approach to accurately determine the sensing coverage and the sleeping eligibility, effectively balances the energy consumption among different sensors, and consumes minimal communication overhead. The paper further integrates ECONS with the existing distributed clustering and routing protocols that are specifically designed for cluster-based dense sensor networks, and proposes a new architecture, referred to as the Low-Energy, distributed and QoS-coverage-preserving (LEDS) architecture. The system performance of LEDS is evaluated under two exemplary cases that require high and low QoS on sensing coverage, respectively.
暂无评论