A new localized surface plasmon resonance sensor fabricated by the nanoimprinting technique is presented. Nanoimprinting, one of the most important nanofabrication technologies, can produce stable nanopatterns on a su...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424401390
A new localized surface plasmon resonance sensor fabricated by the nanoimprinting technique is presented. Nanoimprinting, one of the most important nanofabrication technologies, can produce stable nanopatterns on a substrate with high throughput. In this study, we apply this technique to the preparation of sensor chips for a low-cost and reliable biosensor. The optimal cross-sectional structure of the sensor chip was calculated by a two-dimensional finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulation method. The sensor chip with the optimized structure was fabricated by nanoimprinting of the nanopatterned metal mold onto a UV-curable resin and subsequent sputtering of a thin gold film. Using this fabrication process, an extremely large number of sensor chips can easily be produced from a single metal mold with high accuracy and reproducibility. The characteristics of the fabricated sensor chips were evaluated by measuring their absorption spectra. The absorption peak due to the localized SPR could be observed, which was almost consistent with the simulation result. The sensitivity of this sensor chip was confirmed to be comparable with that of the standard localized SPR sensor under development. The low-cost, stable, high-sensitivity biosensors that can be constructed by the present process will generate practical protein chips and point-of-care chips, which are expected to become key diagnosis tools in the future.
An important issue in ad hoc sensor networks is the limited energy supply within network nodes. Therefore, power consumption is crucial in the routing design. Cluster schemes are efficient in energy saving. This paper...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0977520005
An important issue in ad hoc sensor networks is the limited energy supply within network nodes. Therefore, power consumption is crucial in the routing design. Cluster schemes are efficient in energy saving. This paper proposes a new algorithm called dynamic cluster in which energy in the entire network is distributed and unique route from the source to the destination is designed. In this algorithm, energy efficiency is distributed and improved by (1) optimizing the selection of clusterheads in which both residual energy of the nodes and total power consumption of the cluster are considered;(2) optimizing the number of nodes in the clusters according to the size of the networks and the total power consumption of the cluster;(3) rotating the roles of clusterheads to average the power consumption among clusterheads and normal nodes;and (4) breaking the clusters and reforming them to compensate the difference of the power consumption in different area. Energy efficiency is also improved by defining a unique route to reduce flooding in route discovery and to avoid duplicate data transmission by multiple routes.
Mobile entity navigation in dynamic environments is an essential part of many mission critical applications like search and rescue and fire fighting. The dynamism of the environment necessitates the mobile entity to c...
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sensor task priorities are the important foundation for sensors management. In this contribution a fuzzy management scheme is proposed to cope with the evaluation of multi-sensor task priorities in air surveillance ap...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769526160
sensor task priorities are the important foundation for sensors management. In this contribution a fuzzy management scheme is proposed to cope with the evaluation of multi-sensor task priorities in air surveillance applications. Based on all fused track and identified data, a fuzzy neural network determines the Priority of each surveillance task to perform during the decision cycle. The structure of the fuzzy, neural network is constructed first, the linguistic variables and terminology are defined and the nodes function and the learning rules of the fuzzy neural network are designed then, finally a sensor task priorities evaluation example is given to demonstrate the validity of the fuzzy neural network evaluation approach in the sensor management application. Included results illustrate how the importance of the tasks, measured through their time-varying priorities, allows timely adapt sensor operation to changing situations.
In peer-to-peer (P2P) environments, trust is a very important issue when transactions/interactions occur between peers. In general, the trust evaluation on transactions/interactions relies on the recommendations from ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769525539
In peer-to-peer (P2P) environments, trust is a very important issue when transactions/interactions occur between peers. In general, the trust evaluation on transactions/interactions relies on the recommendations from other peers, which may be inaccurate. This paper presents DynamicTrust, a P2P trust evaluation system. It is based on our peer trust evaluation model, which measures the credibility of peers' recommendations, and thus filters noise in responses and obtains more accurate and objective trust values.
Based on the standard CMOS process and the post-CMOS micromachining processes, an integrated flow sensor with comprising micro structures and mixed signal processor in 2 min square chip die size was developed in this ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424401390
Based on the standard CMOS process and the post-CMOS micromachining processes, an integrated flow sensor with comprising micro structures and mixed signal processor in 2 min square chip die size was developed in this study. The sensor microstructares consist of a polysilicon micro heater and the thermopiles array. The central micro heater encircled by the temperature sensors generates the thermal plume. As the sensor is positioned against the flow, the thermal plume is pushed toward to the temperature sensors array and the temperature differences can be converted into the voltage to determine the air flow speed. The surrounding temperature sensors array gives output voltages in x-direction and y-direction. Both flow velocity and direction can be determined with the 0.7 mV/ m/s sensitivity and 0.001 m/s resolution upon the impinge flow ranging from 0.1 to 3.6 m/s. The flow sensor is employed to monitor the flow condition of the thermal module for desktop PC due to the high resolution in low speed air flow field and the sensitive warning to the poor air flow can be achieved by the proposed sensor.
In recent years, wireless sensor networks (WSN) have shown success in distributed real-time signal processing systems. In collaborative signal processing environments, each sensor is responsible for extracting pertine...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424404681
In recent years, wireless sensor networks (WSN) have shown success in distributed real-time signal processing systems. In collaborative signal processing environments, each sensor is responsible for extracting pertinent information from the surrounding environment and transmitting it to other sensors and/or to the main processing station. Often times, the sensors operate under a number of constraints, such as limited processing power and low bandwidth. In this paper we propose a collaborative signal processing framework that is implemented in an acoustic monitoring scenario. A low-complexity voice activity detector and a gender classifier are implemented on the Crossbow sensor motes. A series of experiments are presented that characterize the performance of the algorithms under varying SNR conditions and in different environments.
In this paper, we mainly discussed a novel design of the micro UAV especially the unconventional cross coupling with four rotors between the aerodynamic design and the design of the flight control system. The vehicle ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424401390
In this paper, we mainly discussed a novel design of the micro UAV especially the unconventional cross coupling with four rotors between the aerodynamic design and the design of the flight control system. The vehicle has two motors rotate counter clockwise while the other two rotate clockwise to cancel the gyroscopic effects and aerodynamic torques. Besides vertical taking-off and landing capabilities, the flyer can fly and hover freely inside buildings. It will integrate state-of-the-art technology in low-power wireless communications components, micro control sensing modules, and wireless optical surveillance components for indoor surveillance applications.
MEMS/NEMS based integrated sensors for Humidity, Temperature and Pressure used in environment monitoring are usually combined by separate devices for complicated technology and material compatibility. In order to lowe...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424401390
MEMS/NEMS based integrated sensors for Humidity, Temperature and Pressure used in environment monitoring are usually combined by separate devices for complicated technology and material compatibility. In order to lower cost, polyimide (PI) was introduced in to fabricate integrated sensors realizing IC compatible process. Different humidity electrodes have been investigated and a humidity sensor with a sensitivity of 2.375pF/RH% during 20-90%RH is fabricated. Performance in high humidity is compensated by temperature elements, which shows excellent linearity from -20 degrees C to 100 degrees C. Polyimide and nitride diaphragm was used to measure external pressure, which achieves a sensitivity of 1.1mV/degrees C and an accuracy of 0.06kPa.
We discuss a general architectural approach to knowledge and information management and delivery in distributedsystems. Our approach is based on the recognition that time-stamped, streaming information message units ...
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