The use of classification and subsumption to process database queries is discussed. The data model, called CANDIDE, is essentially an extended version of the FL-, KANDOR, and BACK frame-based knowledge representation ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0818619155
The use of classification and subsumption to process database queries is discussed. The data model, called CANDIDE, is essentially an extended version of the FL-, KANDOR, and BACK frame-based knowledge representation languages. A novel feature of the approach is that the data-description language and data-manipulation language are identical, thus providing uniform treatment of data objects, query objects, and view objects. The classification algorithm finds the correct placement for a query object in a given object taxonomy. Tractability issues are explored, and the expressiveness of queries is compared with relational algebra. This data model has been implemented in POPLOG as the basis for a knowledge-base management system that includes an integrated natural-language query system.
A metacompiler for translation of knowledge representation formalisms is presented. The metacompiler, R&CL, has been used extensively for declaring naturallanguageprocessing formalisms. The syntax and semantics ...
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A metacompiler for translation of knowledge representation formalisms is presented. The metacompiler, R&CL, has been used extensively for declaring naturallanguageprocessing formalisms. The syntax and semantics of target languages are defined using R&CL production rules. These rules are translated into optimized Lisp-code. R&CL is particularly well suited to nondeterministic pattern recognition and translation tasks in Lisp environments.< >
The use of classification and subsumption to process database queries is discussed. The data model, called CANDIDE, is essentially an extended version of the FL-1, KANDOR and BACK, frame-based knowledge representation...
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The use of classification and subsumption to process database queries is discussed. The data model, called CANDIDE, is essentially an extended version of the FL-1, KANDOR and BACK, frame-based knowledge representation languages. A novel feature of the approach is that the data-description language and data-manipulation language are identical, thus providing uniform treatment of data objects, query objects and view objects. The classification algorithm find the correct placement for a query object in a given object taxonomy. Tractability issues are explored, and the expressiveness of queries is compared with relational algebra. This data model has been implemented in POPLOG as the basis for a knowledge-base management system that includes an integrated natural-language query system.< >
A decimal notation satisfies many simple mathematical properties and it is a useful tool in the analysis of trees. A practical method is presented that compresses the decimal codes while maintaining the fast determina...
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A decimal notation satisfies many simple mathematical properties and it is a useful tool in the analysis of trees. A practical method is presented that compresses the decimal codes while maintaining the fast determination of relations (e.g. ancestor, descendant, brother, etc.). A special node, called a kernel node, including many common subcodes of the other codes, is defined and a compact data structure is presented using the kernel nodes. For the case where n(m) is the number of the total (kernel) nodes, it is proved that encoding a decimal code is a constant time, that the worst-case time complexity of compressing the decimal codes is O(n+m/sup 2/), and that the size of the data structure is proportional to m. From the experimental results for some hierarchical semantic primitives for naturallanguageprocessing, it is shown that the ratio m/n is extremely small, ranging from 0.047 to 0.13.< >
Recently, the authors initiated a project to develop a phonetically-based spoken-language-understanding system called SUMMIT. In contrast to many of the past efforts that make use of heuristic rules whose development ...
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Recently, the authors initiated a project to develop a phonetically-based spoken-language-understanding system called SUMMIT. In contrast to many of the past efforts that make use of heuristic rules whose development requires intense knowledgeengineering, their approach attempts to express the speech knowledge within a formal framework using well-defined mathematical tools. In the authors' system, features and decision strategies are discovered and trained automatically, using a large body of speech data. The authors describe those parts of the system dealing with acoustic segmentation and phonetic classification and document its current performance.< >
A formalism is presented for the iconic representation of knowledge in a semantic net. Nodes are represented as fuzzy sets, relations as functions over fuzzy sets. Moreover, the author demonstrates a consistent framew...
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A formalism is presented for the iconic representation of knowledge in a semantic net. Nodes are represented as fuzzy sets, relations as functions over fuzzy sets. Moreover, the author demonstrates a consistent framework for the transition from the symbolic to the iconic level. He also defines a procedure for the explication, fuzzyfication and operationalization of naturallanguage description predicates. This concept can has successfully been used for a model-driven image analysis approach in the domain of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) brain slices. The concept also has the potential for a data-driven approach. Measurements of features of fuzzy image structures can be represented in the semantic net as fuzzy assertions. Possible faults (pathologies) can be incorporated by using information from other sources (neurological studies) as (fuzzy) assertions.
The proceedings contains 346 papers in two volumes. The following topics are dealt with: telerobotics;texture analysis;artificial intelligence;fuzzy sets and systems;image and signal processing;logic and inference ada...
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ISBN:
(纸本)7800030393
The proceedings contains 346 papers in two volumes. The following topics are dealt with: telerobotics;texture analysis;artificial intelligence;fuzzy sets and systems;image and signal processing;logic and inference adaptive and predictive control;manipulator control;knowledge representation and acquisition;information and decision systems;naturallanguageprocessing;learning, human-computer interaction;biological cybernetics;automated manufacturing systems;computer vision;edge detection;expert systems for education and training;user interfaces;biomedical engineering;intelligent control systems;the application of large-scale system theory;computer-aided design;and large-scale mathematical programming.
The authors describe a contextual machine translation system from Japanese documents to English skeleton expressions. In this system, an analyzer performs syntax, semantic, anaphoral, and coherent analyses to obtain a...
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The authors describe a contextual machine translation system from Japanese documents to English skeleton expressions. In this system, an analyzer performs syntax, semantic, anaphoral, and coherent analyses to obtain a contextual representation concerning the input text. A generator produces conversationally the translation results of the skeleton, detail, and diagrammatic forms. Semantic and contextual analysers based on world knowledge are presented for the system.< >
The handwritten script recognition problem is modeled in the framework of the hidden Markov model. For English text, which is the focus of the present research, the states can be identified with the letters of the alp...
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The handwritten script recognition problem is modeled in the framework of the hidden Markov model. For English text, which is the focus of the present research, the states can be identified with the letters of the alphabet, and the optimum symbols can be generated. In order to do so, a quantitative definition of symbols, in terms of features, is required. Fourteen features (some old, some new) are proposed for this task. Using the existing statistical knowledge about the English language, the calculation of the model parameters is immensely simplified. Once the model is established, the Viterbi algorithm is proposed to recognize the single best optimal state sequence, i.e. sequence of letters comprising the word. The modification of the recognition algorithm to accommodate context information is also discussed. Some experimental results are provided indicating the success of the new scheme.< >
This paper presents a knowledge-based approach to design a portable naturallanguage interface to database systems, called KID (knowledge-based Interface to Database systems). To free the user from the need to know ab...
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