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Bamboo: A Data-Centric, Object-Oriented Approach to Many-core Software 10

Bamboo: A Data-Centric, Object-Oriented Approach to Many-cor...

引用

acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Zhou, Jin Demsky, Brian Univ Calif Irvine Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Irvine CA 92697 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450300193

Traditional data-oriented programming languages such as dataflow languages and stream languages provide a natural abstraction for parallel programming. In these languages, a developer focuses on the flow of data through the computation and these systems free the developer from the complexities of low-level, thread-oriented concurrency primitives. This simplification comes at a cost traditional data-oriented approaches restrict the mutation of state and, in practice, the types of data structures a program can effectively use. Bamboo borrows from work in typestate and software transactions to relax the traditional restrictions of data-oriented programming models to support mutation of arbitrary data structures. We have implemented a compiler for Bamboo which generates code for the TILEPro64 many-core processor. We have evaluated this implementation on six benchmarks: Tracking, a feature tracking algorithm from computer vision;KMeans, a K-means clustering algorithm;Monte Carlo, a Monte Carlo simulation;Filter Bank, a multi-channel filter bank;Fractal, a Mandelbrot set computation;and Series, a Fourier series computation. We found that our compiler generated implementations that obtained speedups ranging from 26.2 x to 61.6 x when executed on 62 cores.

关键词： Many-core programming Data-Centric languages

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Incremental Inference for Probabilistic Programs 2018

Incremental Inference for Probabilistic Programs

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39th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Cusumano-Towner, Marco Bichsel, Benjamin Gehr, Timon Vechev, Martin Mansinghka, Vikash K. MIT 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356985

We present a novel approach for approximate sampling in probabilistic programs based on incremental inference. The key idea is to adapt the samples for a program P into samples for a program Q, thereby avoiding the expensive sampling computation for program Q. To enable incremental inference in probabilistic programming, our work: (i) introduces the concept of a trace translator which adapts samples from P into samples of Q, (ii) phrases this translation approach in the context of sequential Monte Carlo (SMC), which gives theoretical guarantees that the adapted samples converge to the distribution induced by Q, and (iii) shows how to obtain a concrete trace translator by establishing a correspondence between the random choices of the two probabilistic programs. We implemented our approach in two different probabilistic programming systems and showed that, compared to methods that sample the program Q from scratch, incremental inference can lead to orders of magnitude increase in efficiency, depending on how closely related P and Q are.

关键词： Probabilistic programming sequential Monte Carlo incremental computation

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Compiling a high-level language for GPUs: Via language support for architectures and compilers

Compiling a high-level language for GPUs: Via language suppo...

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33rd acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation, pldi'12

作者： Dubach, Christophe Cheng, Perry Rabbah, Rodric Bacon, David F. Fink, Stephen J. University of Edinburgh United Kingdom IBM Research United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450312059

languages such as OpenCL and CUDA offer a standard interface for general-purpose programming of GPUs. However, with these languages, programmers must explicitly manage numerous lowlevel details involving communication and synchronization. This burden makes programming GPUs difficult and error-prone, rendering these powerful devices inaccessible to most programmers. We desire a higher-level programming model that makes GPUs more accessible while also effectively exploiting their computational power. This paper presents features of Lime, a new Javacompatible language targeting heterogeneous systems, that allow an optimizing compiler to generate high quality GPU code. The key insight is that the language type system enforces isolation and immutability invariants that allow the compiler to optimize for a GPU without heroic compiler analysis. Our compiler attains GPU speedups between 75% and 140% of the performance of native OpenCL code. Copyright © 2012 acm.

关键词： Lime

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Data flow frequency analysis

Data flow frequency analysis

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acm sigplan 96 conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Ramalingam, G IBM T.J. Watson Research Cent Yorktown Heights United States

Conventional dataflow analysis computes information about what facts may or will not hold during the execution of a program. Sometimes it is useful, for program optimization, to know how often or with what probability a fact holds true during program execution. In this paper, we provide a precise formulation of this problem for a large class of dataflow problems - the class of finite bi-distributive subset problems. We show how it can be reduced to a generalization of the standard dataflow analysis problem, one that requires a sum-over-all-paths quantity instead of the usual meet-overall-paths quantity. We show that Kildall's result expressing the meet-over-all-paths value as a maximal-fixed-point carries over to the generalized setting, We then outline ways to adapt the standard dataflow analysis algorithms to solve this generalized problem, both in the intraprocedural and the interprocedural case.

关键词： Computer programming

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Mostly-Automated Verification of Low-Level Programs in Computational Separation Logic 11

Mostly-Automated Verification of Low-Level Programs in Compu...

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32nd acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi 11)

作者： Chlipala, Adam Harvard Univ Cambridge MA 02138 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450306638

Several recent projects have shown the feasibility of verifying low-level systems software. Verifications based on automated theorem-proving have omitted reasoning about first-class code pointers, which is critical for tasks like certifying implementations of threads and processes. Conversely, verifications that deal with first-class code pointers have featured long, complex, manual proofs. In this paper, we introduce the Bedrock framework, which supports mostly-automated proofs about programs with the full range of features needed to implement, e.g., language runtime systems. The heart of our approach is in mostly-automated discharge of verification conditions inspired by separation logic. Our take on separation logic is computational, in the sense that function specifications are usually written in terms of reference implementations in a purely functional language. Logical quantifiers are the most challenging feature for most automated verifiers;by relying on functional programs (written in the expressive language of the Coq proof assistant), we are able to avoid quantifiers almost entirely. This leads to some dramatic improvements compared to both past work in classical verification, which we compare against with implementations of data structures like binary search trees and hash tables;and past work in verified programming with code pointers, which we compare against with examples like function memoization and a cooperative threading library.

关键词： interactive proof assistants separation logic low-level programming languages functional programming

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The design, implementation, and evaluation of a compiler algorithm for CPU energy reduction

The design, implementation, and evaluation of a compiler alg...

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conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Hsu, CH Kremer, U Rutgers State Univ Dept Comp Sci Piscataway NJ 08855 USA

This paper presents the design and implementation of a compiler algorithm that effectively optimizes programs for energy usage using dynamic voltage scaling (DVS). The algorithm identifies program regions where the CPU can be slowed down with negligible performance loss. It is implemented as a source-to-source level transformation using the SUIF2 compiler infrastructure. Physical measurements on a high-performance laptop show that total system (i.e., laptop) energy savings of up to 28% can be achieved with performance degradation of less than 5% for the SPECfp95 benchmarks. On average, the system energy and energy-delay product are reduced by 11% and 9%, respectively, with a performance slowdown of 2%. It was also discovered that the energy usage of the programs using our DVS algorithm is within 6% from the theoretical lower bound. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first work that evaluates DVS algorithms by physical measurements.

关键词： dynamic voltage scaling energy savings

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The ATOMOσ transactional programming language

The ATOMOσ transactional programming language

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pldi 2006 - 2006 acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Carlstrom, Brian D. McDonald, Austen Chafi, Hassan Chung, JaeWoong Minh, Chi Cao Kozyrakis, Christos Olukotun, Kunle Computer Systems Laboratory Stanford University

ISBN: (纸本)1595933204

Atomos is the first programming language with implicit transactions, strong atomicity, and a scalable multiprocessor implementation. Atomos is derived from Java, but replaces its synchronization and conditional wailing constructs with simpler transactional alternatives. The Atomos watch statement allows programmers to specify fine-grained watch sets used with the Atomos retry conditional wailing statement for efficient transactional conflict-driven wakeup even in transactional memory systems with a limited number of transactional contexts. Aloinos supports open-nested transactions, which are necessary for building both scalable application programs and virtual machine implementations. The implementation of the Atomos scheduler demonstrates the use of open nesting within the virtual machine and introduces the concept of transactional memory violation handlers that allow programs to recover from data dependency violations without rolling back. Atomos programming examples are given to demonstrate the usefulness of transactional programming primitives. Atomos and Java are compared through the use of several benchmarks. The results demonstrate both the improvements in parallel programming ease and parallel program performance provided by Atomos. Copyright © 2006 acm.

关键词： Computer programming languages

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Symbolic Reasoning for Automatic Signal Placement 2018

Symbolic Reasoning for Automatic Signal Placement

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39th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Ferles, Kostas Van Geffen, Jacob Dillig, Isil Smaragdakis, Yannis Univ Texas Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Univ Athens Athens Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356985

Explicit signaling between threads is a perennial cause of bugs in concurrent programs. While there are several runtime techniques to automatically notify threads upon the availability of some shared resource, such techniques are not widely-adopted due to their run-time overhead. This paper proposes a new solution based on static analysis for automatically generating a performant explicit-signal program from its corresponding implicit-signal implementation. The key idea is to generate verification conditions that allow us to minimize the number of required signals and unnecessary context switches, while guaranteeing semantic equivalence between the source and target programs. We have implemented our method in a tool called Expresso and evaluate it on challenging benchmarks from prior papers and open-source software. Expresso-generated code significantly outperforms past automatic signaling mechanisms (avg. 1.56x speedup) and closely matches the performance of hand-optimized explicit-signal code.

关键词： Implicit signal monitors concurrent programming symbolic reasoning verification conditions abductive reasoning monitor invariant

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Example-Guided Synthesis of Relational Queries 2021

Example-Guided Synthesis of Relational Queries

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42nd acm sigplan International conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Thakkar, Aalok Naik, Aaditya Sands, Nathaniel Alur, Rajeev Naik, Mayur Raghothaman, Mukund Univ Penn Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Univ Southern Calif Los Angeles CA 90007 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450383912

Program synthesis tasks are commonly specified via input-output examples. Existing enumerative techniques for such tasks are primarily guided by program syntax and only make indirect use of the examples. We identify a class of synthesis algorithms for programming-by-examples, which we call Example-Guided Synthesis (EGS), that exploits latent structure in the provided examples while generating candidate programs. We present an instance of EGS for the synthesis of relational queries and evaluate it on 86 tasks from three application domains: knowledge discovery, program analysis, and database querying. Our evaluation shows that EGS outperforms state-of-the-art synthesizers based on enumerative search, constraint solving, and hybrid techniques in terms of synthesis time, quality of synthesized programs, and ability to prove unrealizability.

关键词： programming by example Example-Guided Synthesis

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The liberty structural specification language: A high-level modeling language for component reuse

The liberty structural specification language: A high-level ...

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Proceedings of the 2004 acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi'04)

作者： Vachharajani, Manish Vachharajani, Neil August, David I. Department of Computer Science Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 United States

Rapid exploration of the design space with simulation models is essential for quality hardware systems research and development. Despite striking commonalities across hardware systems, designers routinely fail to achieve high levels of reuse across models constructed in existing general-purpose and domain-specific languages. This lack of reuse adversely impacts hardware system design by slowing the rate at which ideas are evaluated. This paper presents an examination of existing languages to reveal their fundamental limitations regarding reuse in hardware modeling. With this understanding, a solution is described in the context of the design and implementation of the Liberty Structural Specification language (LSS), the input language for a publicly available high-level digital-hardware modeling tool called the Liberty Simulation Environment. LSS is the first language to enable low-overhead reuse by simultaneously supporting static inference based on hardware structure and flexibility via parameterizable structure. Through LSS, this paper also introduces a new type inference algorithm and a new programming language technique, called use-based specialization, which, in a manner analogous to type inference, customizes reusable components by statically inferring structural properties that otherwise would have had to have been specified manually.

关键词： Computer programming languages

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