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检索条件"任意字段=2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2005"

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Modelling shapes with uncertainties: Higher order polynomials, variable bandwidth kernels and non parametric density estimation

Modelling shapes with uncertainties: Higher order polynomial...

引用

Proceedings - 10th ieee International conference on computer vision, ICCV 2005

作者： Taron, Maxime Paragios, Nikos Jolly, Marie-Pierre CERTIS Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées 77455 Marne la Vallee France Imaging and Visualization Dept. Siemens Corporate Research Princeton 08540 United States

ISBN: (纸本)076952334X

In this paper, we introduce a new technique for shape modelling in the space of implicit polynomials. Registration consists of recovering an optimal one-to-one transformation of a higher order polynomial along with uncertainties measures that are determined according to the covariance matrix of the correspondences at the zero isosurface. In the modelling phase, these measures are used to weight the importance of the training samples phase according to a variable bandwidth non-parametric density estimation process. The selection of the most appropriate kernels to represent the training set is done through the maximum likelihood criterion. Excellent results for patterns of digits, related with the registration and the modelling aspects of our approach demonstrate the potentials of our method. © 2005 ieee.

关键词： pattern recognition

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Articulated Pose Estimation in a Learned Smooth Space of Feasible Solutions

Articulated Pose Estimation in a Learned Smooth Space of Fea...

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： Tai-Peng Tian Rui Li S. Sclaroff Computer Science Department Boston University Boston MA USA

A learning based framework is proposed for estimating human body pose from a single image. Given a differentiable function that maps from pose space to image feature space, the goal is to invert the process: estimate the pose given only image features. The inversion is an ill-posed problem as the inverse mapping is a one to many process, hence multiple solutions exist. It is desirable to restrict the solution space to a smaller subset of feasible solutions. The space of feasible solutions may not admit a closed form description. The proposed framework seeks to learn an approximation over such a space. Using Gaussian Process Latent Variable Modelling. The scaled conjugate gradient method is used to find the best matching pose in the learned space. The formulation allows easy incorporation of various constraints for more accurate pose estimation. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated in the task of upper-body pose estimation from silhouettes and compared with the Specialized Mapping Architecture. The proposed approach performs better than the latter approach in terms of estimation accuracy with synthetic data and qualitatively better results with real video of humans performing gestures.

关键词： Parameter estimation Humans Gaussian processes computer vision Surface fitting Biological system modeling computer science Gradient methods computer architecture Cameras

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ARTag, a fiducial marker system using digital techniques

ARTag, a fiducial marker system using digital techniques

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： M. Fiala National Research Council Canada Ottawa Canada

Fiducial marker systems consist of patterns that are mounted in the environment and automatically detected in digital camera images using an accompanying detection algorithm. They are useful for augmented reality (AR), robot navigation, and general applications where the relative pose between a camera and object is required. Important parameters for such marker systems is their false detection rate (false positive rate), their inter-marker confusion rate, minimal detection size (in pixels) and immunity to lighting variation. ARTag is a marker system that uses digital coding theory to get a very low false positive and inter-marker confusion rate with a small required marker size, employing an edge linking method to give robust lighting variation immunity. ARTag markers are bi-tonal planar patterns containing a unique ID number encoded with robust digital techniques of checksums and forward error correction (FEC). This proposed new system, ARTag has very low and numerically quantifiable error rates, does not require a grey scale threshold as does other marker systems, and can encode up to 2002 different unique ID's with no need to store patterns. Experimental results are shown validating this system.

关键词： Robustness Forward error correction Digital cameras Detection algorithms Augmented reality Robotics and automation Navigation Robot vision systems Codes Joining processes

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Active contours using a constraint-based implicit representation

Active contours using a constraint-based implicit representa...

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： B.S. Morse Weiming Liu T.S. Yoo K. Subramanian Department of Computer Science Brigham Young University USA Office of High Performance Computing and Communications National Library of Medicine USA Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Charlottesville USA

We present a new constraint-based implicit active contour, which shares desirable properties of both parametric and implicit active contours. Like parametric approaches, their representation is compact and can be manipulated interactively. Like other implicit approaches, they can naturally adapt to nonsimple topologies. Unlike implicit approaches using level-set methods, representation of the contour does not require a dense mesh. Instead, it is based on specified on-curve and off-curve constraints, which are interpolated using radial basis functions. These constraints are evolved according to specified forces drawn from the relevant literature of both parametric and implicit approaches. This new type of active contour is demonstrated through synthetic images, photographs, and medical images with both simple and nonsimple topologies. For complex input, this approach produces results comparable to those of level set or parameterized finite-element active models, but with a compact analytic representation. As with other active contours they can also be used for tracking, especially for multiple objects that split or merge.

关键词： Active contours Topology Image segmentation Biomedical imaging computer science computer vision Robustness High performance computing Libraries Level set

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3D and Moving Target Extraction from Dynamic Pushbroom Stereo Mosaics

3D and Moving Target Extraction from Dynamic Pushbroom Stere...

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： Zhigang Zhu Hao Tang Bing Shen G. Wolberg Department of Computer Science City College of New York NY USA

In this paper, we propose a dynamic pushbroom stereo mosaic approach for representing and extracting 3D structures and independent moving targets from urban 3D scenes. Our goal is to acquire panoramic mosaic maps with motion tracking information for 3D (moving) targets using a light aerial vehicle equipped with a video camera flying over an unknown area for urban surveillance. In dynamic pushbroom stereo mosaics, independent moving targets can be easily identified in the matching process of stereo mosaics by detecting the "out-ofplace" regions that violate epipolar constraints and/or give 3D anomalies. We propose a segmentation-based stereo matching approach with natural matching primitives to estimate the 3D structure of the scene, particularly the ground structures (e.g., roads) on which humans or vehicles move, and then to identify moving targets and to measure their 3D structures and movements.

关键词： Vehicle dynamics Data mining Layout Target tracking Cameras Surveillance Humans Land vehicles Road vehicles Particle measurements

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Starburst: A hybrid algorithm for video-based eye tracking combining feature-based and model-based approaches

Starburst: A hybrid algorithm for video-based eye tracking c...

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ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： Dongheng Li D. Winfield D.J. Parkhurst Iowa State University Ames IA USA

Knowing the user’s point of gaze has significant potential to enhance current human-computer interfaces, given that eye movements can be used as an indicator of the attentional state of a user. The primary obstacle of integrating eye movements into today’s interfaces is the availability of a reliable, low-cost open-source eye-tracking system. Towards making such a system available to interface designers, we have developed a hybrid eye-tracking algorithm that integrates feature-based and model-based approaches and made it available in an open-source package. We refer to this algorithm as "starburst" because of the novel way in which pupil features are detected. This starburst algorithm is more accurate than pure feature-based approaches yet is signi?cantly less time consuming than pure modelbased approaches. The current implementation is tailored to tracking eye movements in infrared video obtained from an inexpensive head-mounted eye-tracking system. A validation study was conducted and showed that the technique can reliably estimate eye position with an accuracy of approximately one degree of visual angle.

关键词： Costs Tracking Open source software Algorithm design and analysis computer vision Keyboards computer interfaces Hardware Human computer interaction Availability

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An Evaluation of Motion in *** Selective Attention

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： T.J. Williams B.A. Draper Computer Science Department Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA

The Difference of Gaussian (DoG) saliency maps originally proposed by Koch and Ullman had information channels for intensity, opponent colors, and edge orientations, but from the beginning it was suggested that additional channels could and should be added. This paper addresses selective attention in video sequences, and adds motion channels to the saliency maps. The resulting attention windows display better-than-random correlation to the eye fixations of human subjects. This paper is not the first to add motion data to saliency maps. It is, however, the first paper we know of to explicitly compare the performance of saliency maps with and without a motion channel. The surprising negative result is that adding motion channels does not improve the performance of saliency-based selective attention, as measured by correspondence with human eye fixations. We draw two conclusions from this experiment: (1) although motion is clearly a critical attentional cue, the saliency map model may not extend as easily to motion data as some people (ourselves included) thought; and (2) the standard evaluation metric for selective attention algorithms - better than random correlation to human eye fixations - is outdated. Our community needs to focus on comparative studies between algorithms instead.

关键词： Humans computer vision Video sequences Layout computer science Displays Motion measurement Spatial resolution Pipelines Belts

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Monocular Human Motion Capture with a Mixture of Regressors

Monocular Human Motion Capture with a Mixture of Regressors

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ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： A. Agarwal B. Triggs GRAVIR INRIA-CNRS Montbonnot Saint Martin France

We address 3D human motion capture from monocular images, taking a learning based approach to construct a probabilistic pose estimation model from a set of labelled human silhouettes. To compensate for ambiguities in the pose reconstruction problem, our model explicitly calculates several possible pose hypotheses. It uses locality on a manifold in the input space and connectivity in the output space to identify regions of multi-valuedness in the mapping from silhouette to 3D pose. This information is used to fit a mixture of regressors on the input manifold, giving us a global model capable of predicting the possible poses with corresponding probabilities. These are then used in a dynamicalmodel based tracker that automatically detects tracking failures and re-initializes in a probabilistically correct manner. The system is trained on conventional motion capture data, using both the corresponding real human silhouettes and silhouettes synthesized artificially from several different models for improved robustness to inter-person variations. Static pose estimation is illustrated on a variety of silhouettes. The robustness of the method is demonstrated by tracking on a real image sequence requiring multiple automatic re-initializations.

关键词： Shape Robustness Image reconstruction Human computer interaction Cameras Motion estimation Predictive models Image sequences Application software Surveillance

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Two-staged hand-posture recognition method for softremocon system

Two-staged hand-posture recognition method for softremocon s...

引用

ieee Systems, Man and Cybernetics society, Proceedings - 2005 International conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Jang, Hyoyoung Do, Jun-Hyeong Jung, Jin-Woo Bien, Z. Zenn Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KAIST Daejeon Korea Republic of HWRS-ERC KAIST Daejeon Korea Republic of

This paper deals with a method to recognize hand-postures in SoftRemocon System. The system uses multiple cameras to recognize the user's hand-posture. It is hard to recognize hand-posture since a human-hand is the object with high degree of freedom and there follows the self-occlusion problem, the well-known problem in vision-based recognition area. It can be a possible solution to use multiple cameras. However, when we use multiple images, another problem is arisen, that is, the composition methods of multiple recognition results from each camera to get the final decision. We show 2-staged recognition process. The first stage gets the results which represent each camera viewpoint. And the second one results out the final decision. This structure gives robustness to the hand-posture recognition against view-point variation. ©2005 ieee.

关键词： Gesture recognition

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A Bayesian approach to unsupervised feature selection and density estimation using expectation propagation

A Bayesian approach to unsupervised feature selection and de...

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： S. Chang N. Dasgupta L. Carin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA

We propose an approximate Bayesian approach for unsupervised feature selection and density estimation, where the importance of the features for clustering is used as the measure for feature selection. Traditional maximum-likelihood (ML) model-parameter optimization schemes estimate the feature saliencies for a fixed model structure (i.e., a fixed number of clusters). In practice, the number of clusters present in the data for mixture-based modeling is unknown. In an ML framework, the number of clusters typically needs to be ascertained prior to estimating the feature saliencies. We propose a density estimation scheme that addresses model complexity (number of clusters present) and model-parameter estimation (feature saliencies) in a single optimization framework. The approximate Bayesian approach presented here, based on the expectation propagation method, obtains a full posterior distribution on the saliency of the features, along with full posterior distribution of other model parameters (including the number of clusters) that represent the underlying statistics of the data. The performance of the algorithm, is analyzed based on its ability to identify the features salient for clustering the multivariate data.

关键词： Bayesian methods Maximum likelihood estimation Clustering algorithms Training data Probability distribution Sampling methods Density measurement Electric variables measurement Parametric statistics Statistical distributions

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