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Strategies and Benefits of Fusion of 2D and 3D Face recognition

Strategies and Benefits of Fusion of 2D and 3D Face Recognit...

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： M. Husken M. Brauckmann S. Gehlen C. Von der Malsburg Viisage Technology AG Bochum Germany Institut für Neuroinformatik Ruhr Universität Bochum Bochum Germany

The extension of 2D image-based face recognition methods with respect to 3D shape information and the fusion of both modalities is one of the main topics in the recent development of facial recognition. In this paper we discuss different strategies and their expected benefit for the fusion of 2D and 3D face recognition. The face recognition grand challenge (FRGC) provides for the first time ever a public benchmark dataset of a suitable size to evaluate the accuracy of both 2D and 3D face recognition. We use this benchmark to evaluate hierarchical graph matching (HGM), an universal approach to 2D and 3D face recognition, and demonstrate the benefit of different fusion strategies. The results show that HGM yields the best results presented at the recent FRGC workshop, that 2D face recognition is significantly more accurate than 3D face recognition and that the fusion of both modalities leads to a further improvement of the 2D results.

关键词： Face recognition Shape Face detection pattern recognition Image databases Gray-scale Color computer vision Data security Access control

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Direct super-resolution and registration using raw CFA images

Direct super-resolution and registration using raw CFA image...

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： T. Gotoh M. Okutomi Sony Corporation Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Tokyo Japan

Super-resolution has been applied mainly to grayscale images, but producing a high-resolution color image using a single CCD sensor has not been investigated in detail until recently. This work aims at producing a high-resolution color image directly from raw "color mosaic" images obtained by a single CCD equipped with a color filter array. This method is based on a generalized formulation of super-resolution that simultaneously performs both resolution enhancement and demosaicing. The other key factor of our topic is a precise sub-pixel registration of multiple raw images. We examined direct registration of raw images based on an imaging model, which shows precise estimation of motion among severely aliased raw images. The proposed method is verified through experiments using synthetic and real images.

关键词： Image resolution Signal resolution Color Charge coupled devices Filters Interpolation Gray-scale Image restoration Frequency computer vision

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Outdoor vehicle navigation using passive 3D vision

Outdoor vehicle navigation using passive 3D vision

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： M.J. Stephens R.J. Blissett D. Charnley E.P. Sparks J.M. Pike Pleassey Research and Technology Romsey Hampshire UK

A prototype 3D vision system which uses the structure-from-motion principle is described. The system is based on the extraction and matching of image tokens such as edges and corners. The 3D locations of the causative features in the viewed scene are deduced by triangulation and are updated with each observation by application of Kalman filters. The operation of the vision system is illustrated with results obtained from sequences of natural outdoor imagery. The output of the vision-system kernel is a rich 3D representation of feature points and edges in the scene. A method is described by which surfaces can be simply constructed from this information. Results indicate that the inferred surfaces can be readily segmented into navigable and nonnavigable regions. This segmentation can be used by a path planner to select a safe and economical route for subsequent vehicle travel. A hardware realization of the vision system is discussed.< >

关键词： Navigation Machine vision Road vehicles Remotely operated vehicles Layout Mobile robots Vehicle driving Sparks Prototypes Image segmentation

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An ontological service oriented and web searching mechanism in distributed e-learning repositories

An ontological service oriented and web searching mechanism ...

引用

6th International conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, ICALT 2006

作者： Votis, Konstantinos Alexakos, Christos Giotopoulos, Kostas Likothanassis, Spiridon Pattern Recognition Lab. Dept. of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)0769526322

The great heterogeneity of web based Learning systems storing and providing digital e-learning data requires the introduction of interoperability aspects in order to resolve integration problems in a flexible and dynamic way. Learning Objects developed and stored in many different places on the web have a tremendous potential to benefit e-learning in particular and education in general. So the distributed e-learning data integration is significant for the enforcement of novel searching mechanisms in distributed e-learning repositories Our approach introduces an advanced search mechanism which initializes a semantic model representing the digital content stored in distributed e-learning servers, through the use of ontologies In order to retrieve useful content to be added to the learning environment while bypassing compatibility problems between different ontological representations of the same domain, we will use a mixed approach constituting both keywords and ontologies Searching tasks are carried out in the metadata level, where information concerning web digital content is published, managed and stored in the form of a scalable description of knowledge domains. © 2006 ieee.

关键词： Ontology

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Stereo correspondence by dynamic programming on a tree

Stereo correspondence by dynamic programming on a tree

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： O. Veksler Computer Science Department Middlesex College 361 University of Western Ontario London ONT Canada

Dynamic programming on a scanline is one of the oldest and still popular methods for stereo correspondence. While efficient, its performance is far from the state of the art because the vertical consistency between the scanlines is not enforced. We re-examine the use of dynamic programming for stereo correspondence by applying it to a tree structure, as opposed to the individual scanlines. The nodes of this tree are all the image pixels, but only the "most important" edges of the 4 connected neighbourhood system are included. Thus our algorithm is truly a global optimization method because disparity estimate at one pixel depends on the disparity estimates at all the other pixels, unlike the scanline based methods. We evaluate our algorithm on the benchmark Middlebury database. The algorithm is very fast; it takes only a fraction of a second for a typical image. The results are considerably better than that of the scanline based methods. While the results are not the state of the art, our algorithm offers a good trade off in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency.

关键词： Dynamic programming Optimization methods Equations Pixel Layout computer science Educational institutions Tree data structures Image databases Computational efficiency

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Computing oriented texture fields

Computing oriented texture fields

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： A.R. Rao B.G. Schunck Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

A novel algorithm for computing the orientation field for a flowlike texture is presented. The basic idea behind the algorithm is to use an oriented filter, namely the gradient of the Gaussian, and perform manipulations on the resulting gradient vector field. The most important aspect of the algorithm is that it is provably optimal in estimating the local orientations of an oriented texture. An added strength of the algorithm is that it is simpler and has a better signal-to-noise ratio than previous approaches, because it utilizes fewer derivative operations. Also proposed is a measure of coherence which is based on the use of the angle and coherence images as intrinsic images. An analysis of oriented textures requires the computation of these intrinsic images as a first step. In this sense, the computation of the orientation field, resulting in the intrinsic images, is indispensable in the analysis of oriented textures. Results from a number of experiments indicate the usefulness of the angle and coherence intrinsic images.< >

关键词： Anisotropic magnetoresistance Image texture analysis Filters Image analysis Taxonomy Laplace equations Artificial intelligence Laboratories computer science Signal to noise ratio

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Properties and applications of shape recipes

Properties and applications of shape recipes

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： A. Torralba W.T. Freeman MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Cambridge MA USA

In low-level vision, the representation of scene properties such as shape, albedo, etc., are very high dimensional as they have to describe complicated structures. The approach proposed here is to let the image itself bear as much of the representational burden as possible. In many situations, scene and image are closely related and it is possible to find a functional relationship between them. The scene information can be represented in reference to the image where the functional specifies how to translate the image into the associated scene. We illustrate the use of this representation for encoding shape information. We show how this representation has appealing properties such as locality and slow variation across space and scale. These properties provide a way of improving shape estimates coming from other sources of information like stereo.

关键词： Shape Application software computer society computer vision pattern recognition

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A closed form solution to direct motion segmentation

A closed form solution to direct motion segmentation

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： R. Vidal D. Singaraju Center for Imaging Science Johns Hopkins University-Applied Physics Laboratory Baltimore MD USA

We present a closed form solution to the problem of segmenting multiple 2D motion models of the same type directly from the partial derivatives of an image sequence. We introduce the multibody brightness constancy constraint (MBCC), a polynomial equation relating motion models, image derivatives and pixel coordinates that is independent of the segmentation of the image measurements. We first show that the optical flow at a pixel can be obtained analytically as the derivative of the MBCC at the corresponding image measurement, without knowing the motion model associated with that pixel. We then show that the parameters of the multiple motion models can be obtained from the cross products of the derivatives of the MBCC at a set of image measurements that minimize a suitable distance function. Our approach requires no feature tracking, point correspondences or optical flow, and provides a global non-iterative solution that can be used to initialize more expensive iterative approaches to motion segmentation. Experiments on real and synthetic sequences are also presented.

关键词： Closed-form solution Motion segmentation computer vision Pixel Motion measurement Image motion analysis Image segmentation Image sequences Brightness Polynomials

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Camera network calibration from dynamic silhouettes

Camera network calibration from dynamic silhouettes

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： S.N. Sinha M. Pollefeys L. McMillan Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina Chapel Hill USA

In this paper we present an automatic method for calibrating a network of cameras from only silhouettes. This is particularly useful for shape-from-silhouette or visual-hull systems, as no additional data is needed for calibration. The key novel contribution of this work is an algorithm to robustly compute the epipolar geometry from dynamic silhouettes. We use the fundamental matrices computed by this method to determine the projective reconstruction of the complete camera configuration. This is refined into a metric reconstruction using self-calibration. We validate our approach by calibrating a four camera visual-hull system from archive data where the dynamic object is a moving person. Once the calibration parameters have been computed, we use a visual-hull algorithm to reconstruct the dynamic object from its silhouettes.

关键词： Cameras Calibration Shape Image reconstruction Video sequences Robustness Computational geometry computer science Layout Humans

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Empirical Evaluation of Advanced Ear Biometrics

Empirical Evaluation of Advanced Ear Biometrics

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ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： Ping Yan KevinW. Bowyer Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA

We present results of the largest experimental investigation of ear biometrics to date. Approaches considered include a PCA ("eigen-ear") approach with 2D intensity images, achieving 63.8% rank-one recognition; a PCA approach with range images, achieving 55.3% Hausdorff matching of edge images from range images, achieving 67.5% and ICP matching of the 3D data, achieving 98.7%. ICP based matching not only achieves the best performance, but also shows good scalability with size of dataset. The data set used represents over 300 persons, each with images acquired on at least two different dates. In addition, the ICP-based approach is further applied on an expanded data set of 404 subjects, and achieves 97.5% rank one recognition rate. In order to test the robustness and variability of ear biometrics, ear symmetry is also investigated. In our experiments around 90% of people’s right ear and left ear are symmetric.

关键词： Ear Biometrics Principal component analysis Image recognition Shape Iterative closest point algorithm Testing Bayesian methods computer science Scalability

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