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检索条件"任意字段=2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2006"

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Weak Lambertian assumption for determining cylindrical shape and pose from shading and contour

Weak Lambertian assumption for determining cylindrical shape...

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： M. Asada T. Nakamura Y. Shirai Department of Mechanical Engineering for Computer-Controlled Machinery Osaka University Suita Japan

Weak Lambertian assumption is proposed and used to determine shape and pose of cylindrical objects from a monocular intensity image. The method does not require the knowledge of lighting conditions (light intensity and lighting direction), surface properties, or albedos. Experimental results for both synthesized and real images showing the validity of the method are presented.< >

关键词： Shape Surface reconstruction Layout Image reconstruction Machinery Postal services Reflectivity Dynamic range Light sources

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Programmable imaging using a digital micromirror array

Programmable imaging using a digital micromirror array

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： S.K. Nayar V. Branzoi T.E. Boult Department of Computer Science Columbia University NY USA Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado Springs CO USA

We introduce the notion of a programmable imaging system. Such an imaging system provides a human user or a vision system significant control over the radiometric and geometric characteristics of the system. This flexibility is achieved using a programmable array of micro-mirrors. The orientations of the mirrors of the array can be controlled with high precision over space and time. This enables the system to select and modulate rays from the light field based on the needs of the application at hand. We have implemented a programmable imaging system that uses a digital micro-mirror device (DMD), which is used in digital light processing. Although the mirrors of this device can only be positioned in one of two states, we show that our system can be used to implement a wide variety of imaging functions, including, high dynamic range imaging, feature detection, and object recognition. We conclude with a discussion on how a micro-mirror array can be used to efficiently control field of view without the use of moving parts.

关键词： Micromirrors Mirrors Humans Machine vision Radio control Control systems Radiometry Optical modulation Dynamic range computer vision

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Towards complete generic camera calibration

Towards complete generic camera calibration

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Srikumar Ramalingam P. Sturm S.K. Lodha Department of Computer Science University of California Santa Cruz CA USA INRIA Rhône-Alpes GRAVIR-CNRS Montbonnot France

We consider the problem of calibrating a highly generic imaging model, that consists of a non-parametric association of a projection ray in 3D to every pixel in an image. Previous calibration approaches for this model do not seem to be directly applicable for cameras with large fields of view and non-central cameras. In this paper, we describe a complete calibration approach that should in principle be able to handle any camera that can be described by the generic imaging model. Initial calibration is performed using multiple-images of overlapping calibration grids simultaneously. This is then improved using pose estimation and bundle adjustment-type algorithms. The approach has been applied on a wide variety of central and non-central cameras including fisheye lens, catadioptric cameras with spherical and hyperbolic mirrors, and multi-camera setups. We also consider the question if non-central models are more appropriate for certain cameras than central models.

关键词： Cameras Calibration Pixel Optical imaging Mirrors computer science Lenses Solid modeling Optical distortion Shape

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Error-metrics for Camera Ego-motion Estimation

Error-metrics for Camera Ego-motion Estimation

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： Juhua Zhu Ying Zhu V. Ramesh Electrical Engineering Department Princeton University USA Real-Time Vision & Modeling Siemens Corporate Research Inc. USA

This paper presents a scheme of camera ego-motion estimation through locating the focus of expansion (FOE). We showed that the bilinear constraint [2] leads to a suboptimal solution of motion parameters in the sense that it does not correspond to maximum likelihood estimate. The contribution of the paper is that we study different error metrics, evaluate the metrics, and propose to use two normalized error metrics under dependent and independent noise model, respectively. They are demonstrated to be optimal in the sense of maximum likelihood. In addition, based on the bilinear nature of the objective functions, we propose to use some specific optimization algorithms to achieve efficient and accurate convergence. Robust estimation problem is also addressed to handle outliers caused by independent motions. Promising results have been obtained in experiments. The estimated motion parameters can be used to detect various independently moving objects on the road.

关键词： Cameras Motion estimation Maximum likelihood detection Maximum likelihood estimation Convergence Noise robustness Parameter estimation Object detection Motion detection Roads

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Value directed learning of gestures and facial displays

Value directed learning of gestures and facial displays

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： J. Hoey J.J. Little Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada

This paper presents a method for learning decision theoretic models of facial expressions and gestures from video data. We consider that the meaning of a facial display or gesture to an observer is contained in its relationship to context, actions and outcomes. An agent wishing to capitalize on these relationships must distinguish facial displays and gestures according to how they help the agent to maximize utility. This paper demonstrates how an agent can learn relationships between unlabeled observations of a person's face and gestures, the context, and its own actions and utility function. The agent needs no prior knowledge about the number or the structure of the gestures and facial displays that are valuable to distinguish. The agent discovers classes of human non-verbal behaviors, as well as which are important for choosing actions that optimize over the utility of possible outcomes. This value-directed model learning allows an agent to focus resources on recognizing only those behaviors which are useful to distinguish. We show results in a simple gestural robotic control problem and in a simple card game played by two human players.

关键词： Humans Face detection computer displays Character recognition Training data computer science Robot control Communication system control Speech Physiology

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Flattening curved documents in images

Flattening curved documents in images

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Jian Liang D. DeMenthon D. Doermann Language and Media Processing Laboratory University of Maryland College Park MD USA

Compared to scanned images, document pictures captured by camera can suffer from distortions due to perspective and page warping. It is necessary to restore a frontal planar view of the page before other OCR techniques can be applied. In this paper we describe a novel approach for flattening a curved document in a single picture captured by an uncalibrated camera. To our knowledge this is the first reported method able to process general curved documents in images without camera calibration. We propose to model the page surface by a developable surface, and exploit the properties (parallelism and equal line spacing) of the printed textual content on the page to recover the surface shape. Experiments show that the output images are much more OCR friendly than the original ones. While our method is designed to work with any general developable surfaces, it can be adapted for typical special cases including planar pages, scans of thick books, and opened books.

关键词： Shape Books Optical character recognition software Image restoration Digital cameras Nonlinear distortion Laboratories Educational institutions Calibration Design methodology

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Experiments in filtering discrete Markov random fields to textures

Experiments in filtering discrete Markov random fields to te...

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： C.-C. Chen R.C. Dubes Department of Computer Science Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA

The authors examine two important problems, estimation and goodness of fit, in modeling binary single-texture images by discrete Markov random fields. A methodology for comparing parameter estimators is proposed and applied to evaluate four estimation procedures. The classes of models considered are four-parameter Derin-Elliot models and four-parameter autobinomial models with second-order neighborhoods. A Min- chi /sup 2/ estimator is proposed and shown to outperform estimators described in the literature. The methodology is based on a hardcore sampling process over the parameter space and a Wilcoxon rank-sum statistic. A static for assessing the goodness of fit between a specific model and an arbitrary texture image is also proposed and used in a Monte Carlo ranking test. The statistic is experimentally validated on synthetic textures. Experiments on natural textures suggest that second-order binary models do not fit natural textures well.< >

关键词： Filtering Markov random fields Parameter estimation Linear systems Equations Maximum likelihood estimation Image coding Newton method Optimization methods Least squares methods

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The fast computation of disparity from phase differences

The fast computation of disparity from phase differences

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： A.D. Jepson M.R.M. Jenkin Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Toronto ONT Canada Department of Computer Science York University Toronto ONT Canada

Previous work has demonstrated that the task of recovering local disparity measurements can be reduced to the task of measuring the local phase between bandpass signals extracted from the left and right cameras. In computing this local phase difference, earlier algorithms expressed the computational task as a nonlinear differential equation to be solved at each image point. Although this approach has great appeal as a model for biological disparity measurement, the solving of a differential equation at a large number of image points and disparities makes the algorithm unsuitable for serial digital computer applications. Here, the authors demonstrate how the approach of recovering disparity from the measurement of local phase differences can be accomplished without the computational expense exhibited by previous algorithms. This disparity measurement technique is embedded within a simple coarse-to-fine stereopsis similar to the algorithm proposed by H.K. Nishihara (1984) and the resulting algorithm is applied to a number of stereo pairs.< >

关键词： Phase measurement Differential equations computer science Cameras Biology computing Power measurement Biological system modeling computer applications Measurement techniques Layout

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Multilinear independent components analysis

Multilinear independent components analysis

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： M.A.O. Vasilescu D. Terzopoulos Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Toronto ONT Canada Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University New York NY USA

Independent components analysis (ICA) maximizes the statistical independence of the representational components of a training image ensemble, but it cannot distinguish between the different factors, or modes, inherent to image formation, including scene structure, illumination, and imaging. We introduce a nonlinear, multifactor model that generalizes ICA. Our multilinear ICA (MICA) model of image ensembles learns the statistically independent components of multiple factors. Whereas ICA employs linear (matrix) algebra, MICA exploits multilinear (tensor) algebra. We furthermore introduce a multilinear projection algorithm which projects an unlabeled test image into the N constituent mode spaces to simultaneously infer its mode labels. In the context of facial image ensembles, where the mode labels are person, viewpoint, illumination, expression, etc., we demonstrate that the statistical regularities learned by MICA capture information that, in conjunction with our multilinear projection algorithm, improves automatic face recognition.

关键词： Independent component analysis Lighting Principal component analysis Face recognition Algebra Projection algorithms Testing Higher order statistics Layout Matrices

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Feature based person detection beyond the visible spectrum

Feature based person detection beyond the visible spectrum

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops

作者： Kai Jungling Michael Arens FGAN-FOM Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424439942

One of the main challenges in computer vision is the automatic detection of specific object classes in images. Recent advances of object detection performance in the visible spectrum encourage the application of these approaches to data beyond the visible spectrum. In this paper, we show the applicability of a well known, local-feature based object detector for the case of people detection in thermal data. We adapt the detector to the special conditions of infrared data and show the specifics relevant for feature based object detection. For that, we employ the SURF feature detector and descriptor that is well suited for infrared data. We evaluate the performance of our adapted object detector in the task of person detection in different real-world scenarios where people occur at multiple scales. Finally, we show how this local-feature based detector can be used to recognize specific object parts, i.e., body parts of detected people.

关键词： computer vision Object detection Infrared detectors Cameras Motion detection Image sequences Shape Application software Motion segmentation Layout

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