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Iterative compensation of microphone array and sound source movements based on minimization of arrival time differences

Iterative compensation of microphone array and sound source ...

引用

3rd ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Horiuchi, T Mizumachi, M Nakamura, S ATR Spoken Language Translat Res Labs Kyoto 6190288 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0780385454

This paper proposes an iterative compensation method to deal with relative change of sound source location caused by rapid movements of a microphone array and a sound source. This method introduces a delay filter that has shifted and sampled sinc functions. This paper presents a concept that applies both the error function of the adaptive algorithms to estimate two-dimensional direction-of-arrival and the coordinate system of a moving microphone array. This method directly estimates the relative directions of the microphone array to the sound source directions by minimizing the relative differences of arrival time among the observed signals, not by estimating the time difference of arrival (TDOA) between two observed signals. This method compensates the time delay of the observed signals simultaneously, and it has a feature to ensure that the output signals are in phase. Simulation results support effectiveness of the method.

关键词： Microphones

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Low-rank decomposition of multi-way arrays: A signal processing perspective

Low-rank decomposition of multi-way arrays: A signal process...

引用

3rd ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Sidiropoulos, ND Tech Univ Crete Dept ECE Khania 73100 Crete Greece

ISBN: (纸本)0780385454

In many signal processing applications of linear algebra tools, the signal part of a postulated model lies in a so-called signal sub-space, while the parameters of interest are in one-to-one correspondence with a certain basis of this subspace. The signal subspace can often be reliably estimated from measured data, but the particular basis of interest cannot be identified without additional problem-specific structure. This is a manifestation of rotational indeterminacy, i.e., non-Uniqueness of low-rank matrix decomposition. The situation is very different for three- or higher-way arrays, i.e., arrays indexed by three or more independent variables, for which low-rank decomposition is unique under mild conditions. This has fundamental implications for DSP problems which deal with such data. This paper provides a brief tour of the basic elements of this theory, along with many examples of application in problems of current interest in the signal processing community.

关键词： three-way analysis low-rank decomposition parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) canonical decomposition (CAN-DECOMP)

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Sound spot generation by 128-channel surrounded speaker array

Sound spot generation by 128-channel surrounded speaker arra...

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3rd ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Tamai, Y Kagami, S Mizoguchi, H Amemiya, Y Nagashima, K Takano, T Tokyo Univ Sci Tokyo 162 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0780385454

This paper describes sound spot generation by 128-channel surrounded speaker array. A sound spot is a limited area within which an emitted sound is amplified. Sound spot generation is achieved by the Sum and Delay Beam Former (SDBF). A dedicated PCI 128-channel simultaneous input digital-to-analog (D/A) board is developed for a 128 channel speaker array with a maximum sampling rate of 22.7 us/sample. The 128-channel square speaker array can generate steerable a sound spot towards a specific point. Sound spots can be moved in approximately 10 ms. The speaker array can also generate different sound spots at specific points simultaneously. The performance of sound spot generation is evaluated by using sound pressure distribution maps. The speaker array can be used to that transmit necessary sound information to only a specific person in quiet places, such as a museum and a hospital.

关键词： sound spot speaker array SDBF

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Adaptive beamforming with low sample support via indirect dominant mode rejection

Adaptive beamforming with low sample support via indirect do...

引用

3rd ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Santos, E Zoltowski, M Purdue Univ Sch Elect & Comp Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780385454

Low-rank MVDR beamformers such as Conjugate Gradients (CG) and Principal Components Inverse (PCI) can yield a higher SINR than full-rank MVDR beamformer when the sample support is inadequate. However, a large drop in output SINR occurs if the low-rank beamformer operates at an improper rank. Indirect Dominant Mode Rejection (IDMR) is proposed wherein one first employs a high-resolution spatial spectrum estimation technique to estimate the directions and powers of the dominant interferers. Subsequently, this information is used to construct an estimate of the signal-free (interference plus noise only) autocorrelation matrix (for a given look-direction.) In this process, any residual correlations between the interferers and the signal arriving from the look-direction due to finite sample averaging is effectively removed. Simulations reveal that IDMR yields a dramatic improvement in output SINR relative to CG and PCI/DMR, even when the latter operate at the optimal rank.

关键词： signal processing

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Blind source separation for solid-state chemical sensor arrays

Blind source separation for solid-state chemical sensor arra...

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3rd ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Bermejo, S Solé-Casals, J Univ Politecn Catalunya Dept Elect Engn ES-08034 Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0780385454

Electronic noses and tongues are two recent examples in chemical sensing that employ statistical array techniques in order to overcome the intrinsic limitations of current solid-state chemical sensors like ion-selective field transistors (ISFET). In particular, ISFETs are sensitive to the concentration of a particular ion in a solution to be measured, but it can be also strongly affected by several interfering ions found in the solution. Hence, they must be employed in regions in which the effect of interferences is negligible thus limiting their range of operation. However, since ISFETs behave as non-linear mixers of main ion activities and interfering ones, an attempt to separate the original main ion activity and interferences from the mixed response is suitable with blind source separation (BSS) techniques and related methods like independent component analysis (ICA) methods. In this direction, several experiments with real ISFET measurements demonstrate the interest of employing BSS for dealing with the separation in ISFET responses, and further reconstruction, of ion activities in those operating regions in which interferences notably affect their response.

关键词： Blind source separation

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Distributed space-time codes in wireless relay networks

Distributed space-time codes in wireless relay networks

引用

3rd ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Jing, YD Hassibi, B CALTECH Dept Elect Engn Pasadena CA 91125 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780385454

We apply the idea of space-time coding devised for multi le antenna systems to the communication over a wireless relay network. We use a two stage protocol, where in one stage the transmitter sends information and in the other, the relay nodes encode their received signals into a "distributed" linear dispersion code, and then transmit the coded signals to the receiver. We show that for high SNR the pairwise error probability (PEP) behaves as (log P/P)(min{T,R}), with T the coherence interval, R the number of relay nodes and P the total transmit power. Thus, apart from the log P factor and assuming T >= R, the system has the same diversity as a multi-antenna system with R transmit antennas, which is the same as assuming that the R relay nodes can fully It cooperate and have full knowledge of the transmitted signal. We further show that for a fixed total transmit power across the entire network, the optimal power allocation is for the transmitter to expend half the power and for the relays to collectively expend the other half. We also show that at low and high SNR, the coding gain is the same as that of a multi-antenna system with R antennas. At intermediate SNR, it can be quite different, which has implications for the design of distributed space-time codes.

关键词： Space time adaptive processing

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Versatile robust Capon beamforming: Theory and applications

Versatile robust Capon beamforming: Theory and applications

引用

3rd ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Li, J Stoica, P Univ Florida Dept Elect & Comp Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780385454

The standard Capon beamformer (SCB) has better resolution and much better interference rejection capability than the data-independent beamformer, provided that the array steering vector corresponding to the signal-of-interest (SOI) is accurately known. However, whenever the knowledge of the SOI steering vector is imprecise (as is often the case in practice), the performance of the Capon beamformer may become worse than that of the data-independent beamformer. Most of the early suggested robust adaptive methods are rather ad hoe in that the choice of their parameters are not directly related to the uncertainty of the steering vector. In this paper we provide a review of the recently proposed robust Capon beamformer (RCB) and doubly constrained robust Capon beamformer (DCRCB), which directly address the uncertainty of the steering vector and naturally extend the covariance fitting formulation of SCB to the case of uncertain steering vectors by enforcing a double constraint on the steering vector, viz. a constant norm constraint and an uncertainty set constraint. We also present several extensions and applications of RCB including constant-powerwidth RCB (CPRCB) and constant-beamwidth RCB (CBRCB) for acoustic imaging, rank-deficient robust Capon filter-bank (RCF) approach for spectral estimation, and rank-deficient RCB for landmine detection using forward-looking ground penetrating radar (FLGPR) imaging systems. The excellent performances of RCB, DCRCB, and the various extensions of RCB are demonstrated by simulated and experimental examples.

关键词： signal processing

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Spatial and polarization correlations in array processing

Spatial and polarization correlations in array processing

引用

2004 sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Zhang, Yimin Amin, Moeness G. Center for Advanced Communications Villanova University Villanova PA 19085 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780385454

Single- and dual-polarized arrays are used for direction-of-arrival estimation. In this paper, we present a generalized framework describing the spatio-polarimetric correlation properties of both types of arrays. It is shown that adding polarization capability to an existing array allows reduction in the source correlation beyond that achieved by only doubling the number of antennas, especially when the sources are closely spaced. ©2004 ieee.

关键词： signal processing

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Electromagnetic sensor array for train wheel detection

Electromagnetic sensor array for train wheel detection

引用

2004 sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Donato, Patricio G. Ureña, Jesus Mazo, Manuel García, Juan Jesús Álvarez, Fernando Department of Electronics University of Alcalá Alcalá de Henares 28871 Spain Dept. of Electronics and Electromechanical Eng. University of Extremadura Cáceres 10071 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0780385454

This work proposes a train wheel detection system based on an electromagnetic sensor array. This sensor array is distributed in points along a section of the railway. Each sensor of the array is located next to the rail without additional electronics in this place. All the electronic signal process equipment is concentrated at a place far away the rail. To compensate the attenuation in the wires and the external noise, it is proposed to use a signal coded with Golay sequences. Combining the properties of the Golay sequences with the characteristics of the proposed sensor array, it is possible to detect the passage of the train by scattered points, and also to recognize the sense of circulation and estimate the speed of the train. © 2004 ieee.

关键词： sensors

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A robust state-space approach for localizing wideband sources in sensor arrays

A robust state-space approach for localizing wideband source...

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2004 sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Velni, J. Mohammadpour Khorasani, K. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University Montreal Que. H3G 1M8 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0780385454

The presence of measurement noise and model uncertainties in sensor arrays and the lack of statistical information poses several challenges for development of effective and robust algorithms for the Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) estimation problem in array processing. In this paper, we will investigate the improvements that are achievable in the DOA estimation problem by properly alleviating uncertainty effects through the application of robust H ∞ filtering techniques as a pre-processing stage. The proposed methodology is implemented for a wideband DOA estimation approach that is based on the Incoherent Wideband MUSIC (IWM) algorithm. Comparisons with and without robust filtering algorithm are also presented. ©2004 ieee.

关键词： signal processing

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