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Tracking Simplified Shapes Using a Stochastic Boundary

Tracking Simplified Shapes Using a Stochastic Boundary

引用

8th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM)

作者： Zea, Antonio Faion, Florian Baum, Marcus Hanebeck, Uwe D. Karlsruhe Inst Technol KIT Inst Anthropomat & Robot Intelligent Sensor Actuator Syst Lab ISAS Karlsruhe Germany Univ Connecticut Storrs CT USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

When tracking extended objects, it is often the case that the shape of the target cannot be fully observed due to issues of visibility, artifacts, or high noise, which can change with time. In these situations, it is a common approach to model targets as simpler shapes instead, such as ellipsoids or cylinders. However, these simplifications cause information loss from the original shape, which could be used to improve the estimation results. In this paper, we propose a way to recover information from these lost details in the form of a stochastic boundary, whose parameters can be dynamically estimated from received measurements. The benefits of this approach are evaluated by tracking an object using noisy, real-life RGBD data.

关键词： EXTENDED OBJECTS information loss Ellipsoid tracking Stochastic Boundary boundary layer Shape Targets Noise tracking objects

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Envelope Only TDOA Estimation for sensor Network Self Calibration

Envelope Only TDOA Estimation for Sensor Network Self Calibr...

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8th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM)

作者： Zion, Dan Ohev Messer, Hagit Tel Aviv Univ Sch Elect Engn IL-69978 Tel Aviv Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

Self localization of nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSN) attracts wide interest in the past few years. The main challenge is to adopt calibration algorithms to the low-power/low-bandwidth/low-cost constrains on each sensor in the network. In this paper we present a novel approach, in which position-known anchors transmit special calibration signals simultaneously. Each node measures only the received signal strength (RSSI), i.e. envelope of the sum of received signals, and estimates time difference of arrivals (TDOA) of the signals. Two or more TDOA measurements allow the node to estimate its own position in the WSN. Based on an analysis of the appropriate Cramer Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) on the TDOA estimates, we suggest the choice of calibrating signals which provide optimal performance. The theoretical results are supported by simulations of the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimators and numerical evaluation of the CRLB for a specific scenario of interest.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks sensor networks received signal envelopes Time difference of arrival WSN gene Self calibration numerical calculation Envelope Calibration Line of nodes signals

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Real-time Kernel-based Multiple Target Tracking for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery

Real-time Kernel-based Multiple Target Tracking for Robotic ...

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8th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM)

作者： Kurz, Gerhard Baum, Marcus Hanebeck, Uwe D. Karlsruhe Inst Technol KIT Intelligent Sensor Actuator Syst Lab ISAS Karlsruhe Germany Univ Connecticut Storrs CT USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

Performing surgery on the beating heart has significant advantages for the patient compared to traditional heart surgery on the stopped heart. A remote-controlled robot can be used to automatically cancel out the movement of the beating heart. This necessitates precise tracking of the heart surface. For this purpose, we track 24 identical artificial markers placed on the heart. This creates a data association problem, because it is not known which measurement was obtained from which marker. To solve this problem, we apply a multiple target tracking method based on a symmetric kernel transformation. This method allows efficient handling of the data association problem even for a reasonably large number of targets. We demonstrate how to implement this method efficiently. The proposed approach is evaluated on in-vivo data of a real beating heart surgery performed on a porcine beating heart.

关键词： symmetric measurement equation data association medical image processing

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Tensor-Based Approach to Channel Estimation in Amplify-and-Forward MIMO Relaying Systems

Tensor-Based Approach to Channel Estimation in Amplify-and-F...

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8th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM)

作者： Cavalcante, Italo Vitor de Almeida, Andre L. F. Haardt, Martin Univ Fed Ceara Dept Teleinformat Engn Fortaleza Ceara Brazil Ilmenau Univ Technol Commun Res Lab Ilmenau Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

A novel method is devised to jointly estimate the channel matrices involved in a relay-assisted MIMO communication system. We first propose a trilinear coding structure to be used at the amplify-and-forward (AF) relays for combining the received signals while spreading the combined signals across transmit antennas and time blocks, before retransmission. This structure provides antenna selection at the relays and different amplification schemes with non-diagonal amplification matrices. Then, by exploiting the tensor structure of the end-to-end MIMO links, the channel matrices are iteratively estimated by means of a combined alternating least squares (Comb-ALS-MIMO) algorithm that couples PARAFAC and Tucker2 decompositions for the received signals. The proposed method provides an effective solution to the channel estimation problem due to the efficient use of cooperative diversity and tensor-based signal processing.

关键词： channel matrix channel estimation relay received signal multiple input multiple output systems transmitting antennas matrices relaying signal processing

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Mismatch Loss Constrained Instrumental Variable Filtering for GSM Passive Bistatic Radar

Mismatch Loss Constrained Instrumental Variable Filtering fo...

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8th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM)

作者： Bahlke, Florian Zemmari, Reda Nickel, Ulrich Pesavento, Marius Univ Sci Darmstadt Commun Syst Grp D-64283 Darmstadt Germany Fraunhofer FKIE Sensor Data & Informat Fus Dept D-53343 Wachtberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

In this paper we address the design and evaluation of a mismatched filter for application in GSM passive bistatic radar (PBR). We discuss various exisiting approaches for the filter design, which originate from active radar systems and have to be adapted for PBR. Our proposed method minimizes the L-p-norm of the sidelobe level energies under an upper-bound constraint on the SNR loss relative to the matched filter. We show the suitibility of this approach for GSM based PBR and give a performance evaluation. Based on simulated and measured data, we show that the proposed filter can improve range resultion and target detection of the PBR system.

关键词： mismatch loss Pebble bed reactors TSPO gene passive bistatic radar Global mobile communication-systems wireless phone filter design Performance Evaluation matched filters Object detection

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Nonlinear Parameter Estimation in Statistical Manifolds

Nonlinear Parameter Estimation in Statistical Manifolds

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8th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM)

作者： Wang, Xuezhi Cheng, Yongqiang Moran, Bill Univ Melbourne Melbourne Sch Engn Dept Elect & Elect Engn Melbourne Vic 3010 Australia Natl Univ Def Technol Sch Elect Sci & Engn Beijing Peoples R China Univ Melbourne Melbourne Sch Engn Def Sci Inst Melbourne Vic 3010 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

Many nonlinear parameter estimation problems can be described by the class of curved exponential families. The latter are fundamental concept in the framework of Information Geometry. This paper shows that when a closed-form statistical model is available the problem can be mapped onto the corresponding statistical manifolds via fixed parameterizations and thus solved optimally through a manifold gradient method. The solution process involves a dual projection which iteratively operates under the e-connection and m-connection in the flat manifolds with the coordinate systems in which the Cramer Rao Bound is attained. An example of tracking a moving target by two bearings-only sensors with location uncertainties is presented to demonstrate the efficiency and optimality of this manifold based method as well as the associated geometrical interpretation.

关键词： Parameter estimation Manifolds Coordinate system Information geometry SOLUTION processing statistical models (nuclear) optimality nonlinearity

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Cooperative Simultaneous Localization and Synchronization: Toward a Low-Cost Hardware Implementation

Cooperative Simultaneous Localization and Synchronization: T...

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8th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM)

作者： Etzlinger, Bernhard Meyer, Florian Wymeersch, Henk Hlawatsch, Franz Mueller, Gerhard Springer, Andreas Johannes Kepler Univ Linz A-4040 Linz Austria Vienna Univ Technol A-1040 Vienna Austria Chalmers S-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

Cooperative sensor self-localization (CSL) in wireless networks usually requires the nodes to be equipped with specific ranging hardware including ultra-wideband or ultrasonic distance sensors. Such designs are not suitable for application in low-cost, low-power sensor networks. Here, we demonstrate how low-cost, low-power, asynchronous sensor nodes can be used to perform CSL (and, simultaneously, distributed synchronization) by means of time-stamped communication without additional ranging hardware. Our method combines a belief propagation message passing algorithm for cooperative simultaneous localization and synchronization (CoSLAS) with a MAC-layer time stamping scheme. We validate the models underlying the CoSLAS algorithm by means of measurements, and we demonstrate that the localization accuracy achieved by our hardware implementation is far better than that corresponding to the time resolution and measurement errors of the hardware.

关键词： Computer hardware CSHL1 gene sensor networks Ultra wideband technologies temporal resolution Error measure Ganglia Wireless networks range sensor LOW POWER sensors

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Antenna array Configurations for Massive MIMO Outdoor Base Stations

Antenna Array Configurations for Massive MIMO Outdoor Base S...

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8th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM)

作者： Artiga, Xavier Perruisseau-Carrier, Julien Perez-Neira, Ana I. CTTC Barcelona Spain Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Adapt MicroNanoWave Syst Grp CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland Univ Politecn Cataluna Dept Signal Theory & Commun Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

Massive MIMO predicts unprecedented capacity and energy efficiency improvements in future networks, by the use of base stations with hundreds of antennas. However the crucial question of determining suitable, or even optimal, antenna hardware solutions for deploying such a large number of antennas in constrained physical spaces is still open. Here we analyse the potential benefits of using compact arrays, dual-polarized arrays, and 2D arrays in outdoor scenarios using a realistic 3D spatial channel model and accurate antenna electromagnetic simulations. In particular we show that it is detrimental to reduce the distance between elements below lambda/3. Actually, better performances can be achieved by increasing the number of antennas using dual polarization instead (if random polarization of user antennas is assumed). We also show that good performance can be achieved by using 2D arrays, but at the expense of an increased number of total elements when compared to horizontal linear arrays.

关键词： ANTENNA multiple input multiple output systems Antenna arrays BASE STATION channel model Elements Energy efficiency arrays

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Distributed detection of correlated random processes under energy and bandwidth constraints

Distributed detection of correlated random processes under e...

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2014 ieee 8th sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop, SAM 2014

作者： Maya, Juan Augusto Rey Vega, Leonardo Galarza, Cecilia G. Altieri, Andres University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina CSC-CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

We analyze a binary hypothesis testing problem built on a wireless sensor network (WSN). Using Large Deviation Theory (LDT), we compute the probability error exponents of a distributed scheme for detecting a correlated circularly-symmetric complex Gaussian process under the Neyman-Pearson framework. Using an analog scheme, the sensors transmit scaled versions of their measurements several times through a multiple access channel (MAC) to reach the fusion center (FC), whose task is to decide whether the process is present or not. In the analysis, we consider the energy constraint on each node transmission. We show that the proposed distributed scheme requires relatively few MAC channel uses to achieve the centralized error exponents when detecting correlated Gaussian processes. © 2014 ieee.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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Accuracy of an OTA System Emulating a Realistic 3D Environment for GNSS and Multi-Satellite Receiver Testing

Accuracy of an OTA System Emulating a Realistic 3D Environme...

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8th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop (SAM)

作者： Schirmer, Christopher Kotterman, Wim A. Th. Siegert, Gregor Ruegamer, Alexander Del Galdo, Giovanni Heuberger, Albert Landmann, Markus H. Ilmenau Univ Technol Int Grad Sch Mobile Commun MobicoM D-98684 Ilmenau Germany Ilmenau Univ Technol Inst Informat Technol D-98684 Ilmenau Germany Fraunhofer Inst Integrated Circuits IIS D-91058 Erlangen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

In satellite-based systems, such as global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), the use of antenna arrays is becoming increasingly common, as it allows various applications, such as jammer/spoofer suppression or improving the positioning accuracy in multipath-environments. Testing such equipment under realistic and reproducible conditions is often not feasible, for example in the case of a not fully deployed system (e.g., Galileo satellites) or testing of classified transmission technologies (e.g., Galileo public regulated service (PRS) receivers). For tests under reproducible and realistic conditions, we propose 3D wave-field synthesis (WFS) in an over-the-air testbed. This allows a realistic emulation of the radio environment under laboratory conditions. In this paper, a feasibility study for such a testbed is presented. Possible antenna setups for a 3D WFS laboratory environment are proposed. For these setups, the 3D WFS accuracy is investigated for emulating different polarization types and multipath reflections with arbitrary source directions. The results show that with presently available hardware for channel emulation and 3D WFS, a virtual electromagnetic environment can be created for testing receivers with (beamforming) antenna arrays of typical size (120 mm-300mm diameter).

关键词： anechoic chamber GNSS MIMO over-the-air testing polarization signal processing testing wave-field synthesis

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