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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Yimin Zhang Xin Li Emmanuel Monnerie Glenn A. Pritchard Ruben Salazar Cardozo Wireless Communications and Positioning Laboratory Advanced Communications Villanova University Villanova PA USA Cellnet Hunt Alpharetta GA USA Meter Reading Technologies PECO Philadelphia PA USA

As utilities convert from manual meter reading to automated systems, a new set of operation challenges arise in the day-to-day operation of the metering system. One of the most significant problems occurs when a meter is installed, but the physical location of the meter has not been properly recorded by the utilitiespsila system of record. This condition is commonly referred to as an ldquoorphanrdquo meter. Current methods of locating orphan meters are manual and time intensive. This paper presents a new method for electronically locating orphan meters. The technique leverages spatio-temporal correlations between the reference meters and the orphan meter. Additional information, such as the received signal power, is also used to provide more robust location estimation performance. Ray-tracing simulation and field measurement results have shown promising localization results of the orphan meters.

关键词： Receivers Correlation arrays Wireless communication Ray tracing Antenna measurements Wireless sensor networks

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Estimation of contour parameter uncertainties in permittivity imaging using MCMC sampling

Estimation of contour parameter uncertainties in permittivit...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： C. Schwarzl D. Watzenig C. Fox Institute of Electrical Measurement and Measurement Signal Processing Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Department of Physics University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand

Electrical capacitance tomography is targeted on estimating the spatial permittivity distribution of an inhomogeneous medium from measurements of trans-capacitance of a multi-electrode assembly outside the boundary of the medium. Since small changes in the measured data cause large or unbounded changes in recovered parameters, the problem is an ill-posed inverse problem. In this article, special focus is on the robust reconstruction of the shape of material inhomogeneities in an otherwise uniform background material. In order to represent the boundary of the inclusion, radial basis functions (RBF) implying a low order of the state-space are introduced. This approach ensures smooth contours how they appear in industrial applications like in oil refinement. The inverse problem is formulated in a Bayesian inferential framework, by specifying a prior distribution for the shape of the inclusion, and characterizing the statistics of measurement noise. The Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is presented to efficiently explore the posterior distribution. The applicability of the proposed MCMC sampler is verified for a reconstruction example using measured data.

关键词： Electrodes Permittivity measurement Current measurement Finite element methods Materials Mathematical model Shape

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Detection and localization of emitters in the presence of multipath using a uniform linear antenna array

Detection and localization of emitters in the presence of mu...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Ugur Sarac F.Kerem Harmanci Tayfun Akgul National Research Institude of Electronics and Cryptology TÜBITAK Kocaeli Turkey Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey Bogaziçi University Istanbul Turkey TÜBiTAK MRC Earth and Marine Sciences Institute Kocaeli Turkey TÜBİMTAK Earth and Marine Sciences Institute Kocaeli Turkey

In this paper, we present a new application of the likelihood ratio test to solve the problem of enumeration and localization of multiple emitters (sources) with a uniform linear antenna array in a multi-path environment. First, spatial smoothing is applied to the antenna array data to decorrelate signals corresponding to each path in the estimated correlation matrix and the number of paths is then counted using an information theoretic criterion. Then, MUSIC is applied with this correlation matrix to estimate the angle of arrival of all possible incident paths. In our signal model, we assume that the correlation between signals from two paths is one if they originate from the same source but zero if they are from different sources. The likelihood ratio test is then applied to each path pair using this correlation model and the angles of arrival estimated by MUSIC in order to find out if the path pair originates from the same emitter, and hence the number of emitters and their angles of arrival are estimated. The proposed algorithm on the likelihood ratio test is compared with the correlation coefficient algorithm based on minimum variance beamforming with a performance analysis.

关键词： arrays Correlation Music Antenna arrays Noise Smoothing methods signal processing

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Two-Dimensional Multivariate Parametric Models for Radar Applications-Part I: Maximum-Entropy Extensions for Toeplitz-Block Matrices

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ieee TRANSACTIONS ON signal processing 2008年第11期56卷 5509-5526页

作者： Abramovich, Yuri I. Johnson, Ben A. Spencer, Nicholas K. Def Sci & Technol Org Intelligence Surveillance & Reconnaissance Div Adelaide SA 5111 Australia Lockheed Martin Pty Ltd Adelaide SA 5111 Australia Univ S Australia Adelaide SA 5111 Australia Adelaide Res & Innovat Pty Ltd Adelaide SA 5000 Australia

In a series of two papers, a new class of parametric models for two-dimensional multivariate (matrix-valued, space-time) adaptive processing is introduced. This class is based on the maximum-entropy extension and/or completion of partially specified matrix-valued Hermitian covariance matrices in both the space and time dimensions. This first paper considers the more restricted class of Toeplitz Hermitian covariance matrices that model stationary clutter. If the clutter is stationary only in time then we deal with a Toeplitz-block matrix, whereas clutter that is stationary in time and space is described by a Toeplitz-block-Toeplitz matrix. We first derive exact expressions for this new class of 2-D models that act as approximations for the unknown true covariance matrix. Second, we propose suboptimal (but computationally simpler) relaxed 2-D time-varying autoregressive models ("relaxations") that directly use the non-Toeplitz Hermitian sample covariance matrix. The high efficiency of these parametric models is illustrated by simulation results using true ground-clutter covariance matrices provided by the DARPA KASSPER Dataset 1, which is a trusted phenomenological airborne radar model, and a complementary AFRL dataset.

关键词： Adaptive processing autoregressive stationary interference time-varying

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Joint Source Number Detection and DOA Estimation via Reversible Jump MCMC

Joint Source Number Detection and DOA Estimation via Reversi...

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Pacific/Asia workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application

作者： Jin Mei-na Zhao Yong-jun Li Dong-hai Zhengzhou Informat Sci & Technol Inst Zhengzhou 450002 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424442041

In this paper, a new Bayesian array signal model structure based on signal reconstruction is proposed, that allows us to define a posterior distribution on the parameter space, which is applicable to both wideband and narrowband signals. Unfortunately, a direct evaluation of this distribution and of its features, including posterior model probabilities, requires evaluation of some complicated high-dimensional integrals. We develop an efficient hybrid sampling algorithm based on reversible jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods to jointly detect and estimate the sources impinging on a single array of sensors in Gaussian noise. This algorithm provides higher resolution than traditional wideband methods. The accuracy of the structure and the validity of this method are well verified by the simulation.

关键词： Direction of arrival estimation sensor arrays Wideband Sampling methods Frequency estimation Narrowband Bayesian methods signal processing algorithms Space technology signal reconstruction

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Adaptation of acoustic sensor orientation based on sensor characteristics for improving tracking performance

Adaptation of acoustic sensor orientation based on sensor ch...

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ieee workshop on Machine Learning for signal processing

作者： Jinseok Lee Sangjin Hong Junghun Ryu We-Duke Cho Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University-SUNY Stony Brook NY USA Department of Electronics Engineering Ajou University Suwon South Korea

This paper addresses the adaptation method of acoustic sensor orientation for improving tracking performance. The orientation adaptation is based on an empirical reception characteristics of the sensor. The study assumes that an object is transmitting Gaussian noise-corrupted signals. In a 3-D space, the observed measurements by the sensor are projected to each of 2-D plane, and the projected measurement variance is significantly reduced by changing the sensor orientation. This paper demonstrates the derivation of the projected measurement variances, and compares to the original measurement variances. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated with sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) techniques.

关键词： Acoustic sensors sensor phenomena and characterization Acoustic measurements Noise measurement Acoustic noise Gaussian noise Particle filters Monte Carlo methods Infrared sensors array signal processing

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Second-order improperness in frequency-domain colored signal model

Second-order improperness in frequency-domain colored signal...

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ieee workshop on Machine Learning for signal processing

作者： Fengyu Cong Tapani Ristaniemi School of Infonnation Technology University of Jyväskylä Finland

This study discusses the second-order improperness in the frequency-domain colored signal model. After the real-valued and colored signal in the time-domain is transformed into the frequency domain, the convolutive blind source separation (BSS) methods may generate a window indexed vector, and minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamforming may produce an array sensor indexed vector, and the trial structured EEG data set may provide a trial-indexed vector. These three complex-valued vectors have such similarities: 1) despite of resulting from the Fourier transformation, they are not indexed by the frequency bins; 2) its real part and image part are proved to be correlated. Hence, such a complex-valued vector is improper, and the pseudo-autocorrelation matrix of this improper vector exists. Moreover, if components of an improper complex-valued vector are uncorrelated, except the autocorrelation matrix, the pseudo-autocorrelation matrix should also be diagonal. This one more statistics could be useful to design better the complex-valued BSS algorithm and MVDR beamforming algorithm.

关键词： sensor arrays Source separation array signal processing Brain modeling Time domain analysis Frequency domain analysis Blind source separation signal generators Distortion Electroencephalography

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A Spiking Neural Network for Gas Discrimination Using a Tin Oxide sensor array

A Spiking Neural Network for Gas Discrimination Using a Tin ...

引用

ieee International workshop on Electronic Design, Test and Applications (DELTA)

作者： Maxime Ambard Bin Guo Dominique Martinez Amine Bermak LORIA-INRIA CORTEX Group Nancy France Electronic and Computer Engineering Department Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China

We propose a bio-inspired signal processing method for odor discrimination. A spiking neural network is trained with a supervised learning rule so as to classify the analog outputs from a monolithic 4times4 tin oxide gas sensor array implemented in our in-house 5 mum process. This scheme has been successfully tested on a discrimination task between 4 gases (hydrogen, ethanol, carbon monoxide, methane). Performance compares favorably to the one obtained with a common statistical classifier. Moreover, the simplicity of our method makes it well suited for building dedicated hardware for processing data from gas sensor arrays.

关键词： sensor arrays Neural networks Tin Gas detectors Biosensors array signal processing Biomedical signal processing Supervised learning Testing Gases

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Bandwidth efficient sensor architectures with feature extraction

Bandwidth efficient sensor architectures with feature extrac...

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Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition workshop (AIPR)

作者： J. T. Caulfield P. L. McCarley J. Elliott M. A. Massie ACyan Systems Santa Barbara CA USA Munitions Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory FL USA Nova Sensors Solvang CA USA

We report on processing techniques to effectively control the data bandwidth in larger format focal plane array (FPA) sensors. We have developed an image processing architecture for foveating variable acuity FPAs that give a controlled reduction in the data rate via simple circuits that estimate activity on the FPA image plane. Integrated on-FPA signal processing goals are to perform pre-processing that is usually performed downstream in a dedicated processing module. Techniques for image pre-processing described in this paper allow transmitting ldquoactiverdquo pixel data while skipping unchanging pixels. These techniques for image pre-processing adjacent to the FPA allows significant reductions in the data rate, size, weight and power for small and low cost systems that cannot work with a large image processors.

关键词： Bandwidth Feature extraction Biosensors sensor systems Image sensors sensor arrays Electric variables control Pixel WiMAX Parallel processing

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Frequency-Domain Sonar processing in FPGAs

Frequency-Domain Sonar Processing in FPGAs

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Pacific-Asia workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application, PACIIA

作者： Peng Chen Xiang Tian Yaowu Chen Institute of Advanced Digital Technology and Instrumentation University of Zhejiang Hangzhou China

This paper proposes a new improved algorithm for three dimensional (3D) sonar beamforming in the frequency-domain: The improved algorithm is based on the resolution of echo displacement vector. The data-path on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for this algorithm will be illustrated. The memory and the computational requirements of this data-path will also be analyzed. A rapid prototype on FPGAs is implemented based on Xilinx System Generator (XSG) and Simulink (Mathworks model-based design environment). The paper illustrates that the proposed algorithm has the advantage in reducing the memory requirements for the phase-shift parameters storage. Finally, the paper demonstrates the resource utilization for the proposed data-path of 3D sonar system.

关键词： Sonar Field programmable gate arrays array signal processing sensor arrays signal processing algorithms Optimization methods Acoustic applications Underwater acoustics Phased arrays Acoustic imaging

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