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检索条件"任意字段=2008 IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop"

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Performance of DCMP adaptive array utilizing aggregated microphones

Performance of DCMP adaptive array utilizing aggregated micr...

引用

4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Matsumoto, M. Hashimoto, S. Waseda Univ Dept Appl Phys Shinjuku Ku 55N-4F-10A3-4-1 Okubo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

Recently, the authors proposed a miniaturized microphone array not utilizing the phase difference but utilizing the directivity of each microphone, namely aggregated microphones. We have already showed that the phased microphone array and the aggregated microphones can be described within the same framework. We have also showed that it is possible to apply the aggregated microphones to the various methods of the phased microphone array. However, the difference of the performance between the phased array and the aggregated microphones has not been evaluated yet. The effect of the directivity and the posture of each microphone on the performance of the aggregated microphones has not also been evaluated yet. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of DCMP (Directionally Constrained Minimization of Power) adaptive array utilizing aggregated microphones.

关键词： Microphones

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Threshold optimization for distributed detection using particle filtering methods

Threshold optimization for distributed detection using parti...

引用

4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Kyriakides, I. Cochran, D. Arizona State Univ Dept Elect Engn Tempe AZ 85287 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

Local processing on the nodes of a distributed sensing and processing system has the benefits of reducing the data volume transferred from the nodes to the fusion center, reducing both transmission power requirements and the computational burden on the fusion center. The individual nodes obtain measurements from the environment and transmit a quantized detection statistic to the fusion center. Quantization threshold levels need to be found for each sensor that maximize the performance of the system. We propose a global optimization method, the particle filtering optimization method, that uses particle filtering to propagate the values of the thresholds of a distributed detection system to sensor threshold values that are optimal with respect to some measure of system performance. We demonstrate, through simulations, the effectiveness of the particle filtering optimization method in finding the threshold of each of the sensors used in detection scenario.

关键词： sensor arrays

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Real-time implementation of a distributed voice activity detector

Real-time implementation of a distributed voice activity det...

引用

4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Berisha, Visar Kwon, Hornin Spanias, Andreas Arizona State Univ Dept Elect Engn Tempe AZ 85287 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

Wireless sensor networks have been applied successfully in real-time distributed and collaborative sensing. In these situations, each sensor is responsible for extracting pertinent information from the surrounding environment and transmitting it to other sensors and/or to the main processing station. This is done while operating under several constraints, such as low computational capabilities, limited arithmetic precision, and the need to conserve power. In this paper, we present a low-complexity voice activity detector and a gender classifier for implementation on the Crossbow sensor motes. In addition, a decision fusion algorithm that resides at the base station is also implemented. A series of experiments that characterize the performance of the algorithms under varying conditions and in different environments are presented and several of the challenges we faced in developing this real-time implementation are discussed.

关键词： Speech processing

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A multisource calibration method for phased array radio telescopes

A multisource calibration method for phased array radio tele...

引用

4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Wijnholds, Stefan J. Boonstra, Albert-Jan ASTRON Oude Hoogeveensedijik 4 NL-7991 PD Dwingeloo Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

For low frequency observations (< 300 MHz) the radio astronomical community is currently developing a number of new instruments such as the low frequency array (LOFAR), the Mileura wide field array (MWA) and the primeval structure telescope (PaST). These telescopes require new calibration algorithms since phased arrays require an all-sky approach to imaging and calibration. This implies that the calibration will generally have to deal with a multitude of sources. In this paper we will discuss a muldsource calibration method to estimate the gains and phases of the receiving elements without having to solve for the receiver noise powers at the same time. Our method is able to handle arbitrary known source models. We will show that the proposed algorithm is asymptotically efficient by comparing the results from Monte Carlo simulations with the Craimer-Rao bound for the underlying data model.

关键词： Radio telescopes

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Direction-finding results for a Vector sensor Antenna on a small UAV

Direction-finding results for a Vector Sensor Antenna on a s...

引用

4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Appadwedula, Swaroop Keller, Catherine M. MIT Lincoln Lab 244 Wood St Lexington MA 02173 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

On small platforms, angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation of an E-M signal can be accomplished with colocated antennas measuring multiple components of the propagating wave. An electrically small Vector sensor (VS) Antenna constructed above and below the wing of a small UAV measures three components of the propagating wave. Determining the AOA involves fitting known "calibration" AOAs and corresponding antenna response to a modeled response. The least-squares calibration approach described here determines the azimuth and elevation AOAs for sources located at typical elevation angles to within a few degrees, agreeing with the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB). These results justify the use of small VS antennas to do direction finding (DF) in high SNR environments.

关键词： Direction of arrival

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The array geometry design in airborne microwave 2-D direction finding

The array geometry design in airborne microwave 2-D directio...

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4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Park, Cheol-Sun Jang, Won Kim, Dae-Young Agcy Def Dev EW Lab Taejon South Korea Chungnam Natl Univ Dept Informat & Commun Engn Chungnam South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

The resolving ambiguity of phase interferometer is necessary when the baseline separation between elements exceeds half wavelength since the phase difference between elements can only be measured modulo 2 pi. It is difficult to meet the condition the minimum distance between two antennas is less than half wavelength for avoiding ambiguity in wideband operation. In this paper, we propose a simple and efficient array design method which minimizes the probability of ambiguity. This method adapts NLA (nonuniform linear array) geometry. And there is no need to maintain the distance between antennas less than half wavelength. We also show some numerical examples and experimental results of the 2-D array prototype for airborne application.

关键词： antenna array directional of array (DOA) estimation NLA( nonuniform linear array)

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The Akaike information criterion with parameter uncertainty

The Akaike information criterion with parameter uncertainty

引用

4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Seghouane, Abd-Krim Australian Natl Univ Natl ICT Australia Canberra Res Lab Res Sch Informat Sci & Engn Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

An instance crucial to most problems in signal processing is the selection of the order of a candidate model. Among the different exciting criteria, the two most popular model selection criteria in the signal processing literature have been the Akaike's criterion AIC and the Bayesian Information criterion BIC. These criteria are similar in form in that they consist of data and penalty terms. Different approaches have been used used to derive these criteria. However, none of them take into account the prior information concerning the parameters of the model. In this paper, an new approach for model selection, that takes into account the prior information on the model parameters, is proposed. Using the proposed approach and depending on the nature of the prior on the model parameters, two new information criteria are proposed for univariate linear regression model selection. We use the term 'information criteria" because their derivation is based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence.

关键词： signal processing

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A probabilistic graphical model for microphone array source separation using rich pre-trained source models

A probabilistic graphical model for microphone array source ...

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4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Attias, H. T. Golden Metall Inc San Francisco CA 94147 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

Voice based computing applications, such as phone communication and speech recognition, use microphone arrays to capture voice from a human speaker. In many environments of interest, however, sounds from other sources interfere with the speaker's voice, posing severe problems for subsequent processing. This paper describes a new framework for treating this problem, and presents and demonstrates a new algorithm for the cancellation of interfering sounds. Our framework combines techniques from statistical machine learning with ideas from speech and audio processing. An important feature involves training rich probabilistic models on data from different types of relevant sound sources. nose source models are then incorporated into a larger probabilistic model of the observed microphone data. Using that model we derive our algorithm, which is of the expectation-maximization type and infers from data the clean sound of separate individual sources. We report very good results on data recorded in different environments.

关键词： Microphones

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Study of the Human Eye Working Principle: An impressive high angular resolution system with simple array detectors

Study of the Human Eye Working Principle: An impressive high...

引用

4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Betancourt, Diego del Rio, Carlos Univ Publ Navarra Antenna Grp Campus Arrosadia S-N Pamplona 31006 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

In this paper the working principle of the human eye is studied since uses very simple detectors, cones and rods, to provide an impressive high angular resolution without using any kind of scanning technique. Usually the resolution capability of the human eyes has been attributed to the complexity of the brain, but it is quite difficult to understand that something, specially small details, that it has not been seen by the eyes could be generated by the brain. Finally, it will be proved that with the actual technology and design philosophy of array antenna systems, the maximum achievable angular resolution of a realistic antenna array system is seriously limited and it is equivalent to the one that it could have an insect with compound eyes. It is clear the human eye is able to overcome this limit, and the idea is to learn how to introduce this to the design procedure of antenna array systems.

关键词： Vision

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Airborne very long baseline interferometry and geolocation

Airborne very long baseline interferometry and geolocation

引用

4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Carlsen, Eric C. Kolanek, James C. Sharpin, David L. Spectral Syst Inc 2611 Commons Blvd Beavercreek OH 45431 USA Signal Proc Special Goleta CA 93117 USA ATK Dayton OH 45420 USA

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

A method is presented of performing geolocation of fixed emitters from a single, airborne platform using a two-element, very long baseline interferometer (VLBI) from 10 to 100 feet in length. The interferometer baseline is precisely tracked through a differential GPS system using auxiliary antennas placed in close proximity to the VLBI pair. A lever arm correction is applied to arrive at the VLBI baseline from the GPS measurements. A batch least squares processing algorithm is presented that operates on the interferometric phase measurements directly and resolves the associated ambiguities through global search strategies. A method of eliminating receiver phase bias by performing a difference operation is shown. Simulation results and Cramer-Rao lower bounds are also presented.

关键词： emitter location radio interferometry least squares methods radar position measurement radar signal processing

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