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检索条件"任意字段=2008 IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop"

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Direction-Finding Results for a Vector sensor Antenna on a Small UAV

Direction-Finding Results for a Vector Sensor Antenna on a S...

引用

sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： S. Appadwedula C.M. Keller MIT Lincoln Laboratories Lexington MA USA

On small platforms, angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation of an E-M signal can be accomplished with colocated antennas measuring multiple components of the propagating wave. An electrically small vector sensor (VS) antenna constructed above and below the wing of a small UAV measures three components of the propagating wave. Determining the AOA involves fitting known "calibration" AOAs and corresponding antenna response to a modeled response. The least-squares calibration approach described here determines the azimuth and elevation AOAs for sources located at typical elevation angles to within a few degrees, agreeing with the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB). These results justify the use of small VS antennas to do direction finding (DF) in high SNR environments

关键词： Navigation Directive antennas Unmanned aerial vehicles Antenna measurements Calibration Antennas and propagation Antenna accessories Dipole antennas Azimuth Electric variables measurement

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Performance of DCMP Adaptive array Utilizing Aggregated Microphones

Performance of DCMP Adaptive Array Utilizing Aggregated Micr...

引用

sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： M. Matsumoto S. Hashimoto Department of Applied Physics Waseda University Tokyo Japan

Recently, the authors proposed a miniaturized microphone array not utilizing the phase difference but utilizing the directivity of each microphone, namely aggregated microphones. We have already showed that the phased microphone array and the aggregated microphones can be described within the same framework. We have also showed that it is possible to apply the aggregated microphones to the various methods of the phased microphone array. However, the difference of the performance between the phased array and the aggregated microphones has not been evaluated yet. The effect of the directivity and the posture of each microphone on the performance of the aggregated microphones has not also been evaluated yet. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of DCMP (directionally constrained minimization of power) adaptive array utilizing aggregated microphones

关键词： Microphone arrays Adaptive arrays Phased arrays Delay estimation Direction of arrival estimation Robots Physics Phase estimation Transfer functions Symbiosis

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Single-snapshot beamformer performance using large arrays with faulty sensors

Single-snapshot beamformer performance using large arrays wi...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： O.R. Kazanci J.L. Krolik Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA

Large sensor arrays are prone to element failures which can seriously degrade their performance. In the event of sensor failures, conventional non-adaptive re-design of array weights for the resulting non-uniform or even sparse array often leads to undesirable mainlobe-versus-sidelobe level trade-offs. Alternatively, adaptive array processing techniques can be employed but for large arrays it can be compromised by lack of snapshot support in dynamic environments. Recently, an approach called beamspace adaptive channel compensation (BACC) was introduced based on the idea of reconstructing the filled array data from the receive beams in which the sidelobe leakage of strong interferers from adjacent beams is minimized. In this paper, BACC and various alternatives are evaluated using actual radar data with both injected and real scatterers. Results of four methods, BACC, MV adaptive beamforming using an augmented Toeplitz covariance matrix (Toeplitz-MV), principal solution beamforming, and conventional beamforming in the presence of faulty sensors are compared in terms of ROC performance, probability of detection versus SINR, and the unmasking of targets in estimated range-Doppler spectra.

关键词： sensor arrays array signal processing Adaptive arrays Covariance matrix Radar scattering Interference Data models Degradation Radar detection Fault detection

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Airborne Very Long Baseline Interferometry and Geolocation

Airborne Very Long Baseline Interferometry and Geolocation

引用

sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： E.C. Carlsen J.C. Kolanek D.L. Sharpin Spectral Systems Inc. Beavercreek OH USA Signal Processing Specialists Goleta CA USA ATK Kettering OH USA

A method is presented of performing geolocation of fixed emitters from a single, airborne platform using a two-element, very long baseline interferometer (VLBI) from 10 to 100 feet in length. The interferometer baseline is precisely tracked through a differential GPS system using auxiliary antennas placed in close proximity to the VLBI pair. A lever arm correction is applied to arrive at the VLBI baseline from the GPS measurements. A batch least squares processing algorithm is presented that operates on the interferometric phase measurements directly and resolves the associated ambiguities through global search strategies. A method of eliminating receiver phase bias by performing a difference operation is shown. Simulation results and Cramer-Rao lower bounds are also presented

关键词： Extraterrestrial measurements Least squares methods Global Positioning System Antenna measurements Radio interferometry Phase measurement Radar signal processing Aircraft Motion measurement Noise level

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Study of the human eye working principle: an impressive high angular resolution system with simple array detectors

Study of the human eye working principle: an impressive high...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： D. Betancourt C. del Rio Antenna Group Public University of Navarra Pamplona Spain

In this paper the working principle of the human eye is studied since uses very simple detectors, cones and rods, to provide an impressive high angular resolution without using any kind of scanning technique. Usually the resolution capability of the human eyes has been attributed to the complexity of the brain, but it is quite difficult to understand that something, specially small details, that it has not been seen by the eyes could be generated by the brain. Finally, it will be proved that with the actual technology and design philosophy of array antenna systems, the maximum achievable angular resolution of a realistic antenna array system is seriously limited and it is equivalent to the one that it could have an insect with compound eyes. It is clear the human eye is able to overcome this limit, and the idea is to learn how to introduce this to the design procedure of antenna array systems.

关键词： Humans sensor arrays Detectors Antenna arrays Directive antennas Lenses Eyes Insects Feeds Millimeter wave technology

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Taylor-series Technique for Source Localization using AoAs in the Presence of sensor Location Errors

Taylor-series Technique for Source Localization using AoAs i...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Xiaoning Lu K.C. Ho Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri Columbia Columbia MO USA

Source location accuracy can be dramatically degraded by the inaccuracy in the sensor positions. The sensor position errors need to be taken into account in order to improve the source location estimate. This paper presents an algorithm based on the Taylor-series technique to estimate the location of an emitting source in the presence of random sensor position errors, where the data measurements are angle-of-arrivals (AoAs). The proposed algorithm jointly estimates the source and sensor positions iteratively by using Taylor-series linearization. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method approaches the CRLB accuracy for both near-field and far-field sources

关键词： Position measurement Direction of arrival estimation Computer errors sensor arrays Degradation Iterative algorithms Iterative methods Goniometers Noise shaping Shape

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Threshold Optimization for Distributed Detection using Particle Filtering Methods

Threshold Optimization for Distributed Detection using Parti...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： I. Kyriakides D. Cochran Department of Electrical Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA

Local processing on the nodes of a distributed sensing and processing system has the benefits of reducing the data volume transferred from the nodes to the fusion center, reducing both transmission power requirements and the computational burden on the fusion center. The individual nodes obtain measurements from the environment and transmit a quantized detection statistic to the fusion center. Quantization threshold levels need to be found for each sensor that maximize the performance of the system. We propose a global optimization method, the particle filtering optimization method, that uses particle filtering to propagate the values of the thresholds of a distributed detection system to sensor threshold values that are optimal with respect to some measure of system performance. We demonstrate, through simulations, the effectiveness of the particle filtering optimization method in finding the threshold of each of the sensors used in detection scenario

关键词： Optimization methods Filtering sensor systems Quantization sensor phenomena and characterization Bayesian methods Distributed computing Statistical distributions Particle measurements System performance

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Beam Raster Scanning for 2D Flyover SAR

Beam Raster Scanning for 2D Flyover SAR

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： J. Burki C.F. Barnes Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging technology has continued to evolve over the last few decades and the future holds promise. Beam raster scanning for 2D flyover SAR is yet another milestone in the evolutionary path of SAR imaging. This SAR imaging technique may have application in areas like passive unmanned aerial vehicle SAR. This paper builds on the 2D aperture synthesis concepts based upon rigorous analytical results presented by the authors earlier and elucidates the characteristics of sombrero point spread function and reconstruction in comparison to sine point spread function and reconstruction. This paper also explains the concept of 2D target area data collection scheme called flyover beam raster scanning

关键词： Radar polarimetry Synthetic aperture radar Image reconstruction Adaptive optics Optical scattering Optical signal processing Digital signal processing Chirp modulation Optical imaging Interpolation

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Multiple Window Bispectrum Estimator

Multiple Window Bispectrum Estimator

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Huixia He D.J. Thomson Queen''s University Belfast Kingston ONT Canada

By taking the third-order statistical information of processes into account, the bispectrum is a useful tool in digital signal processing and statistics. The paper proposes a nonparametric approach of estimating the bispectrum, using tapers designed to achieve maximal bifrequency concentration. Bispectra are functions of two frequencies plus their sum, so the optimum tapers are not products of Slepian sequences. The new tapers minimize the sixth-moment "energy" leakage in the estimate, and thus the new multiple window bispectrum estimator (MWBE) can be interpreted as minimizing the broad-band bias. Alternatively, the MWBE can be viewed as a solution of an integral inverse problem using an eigenfunction expansion. This approach can be extended to estimate higher-order polyspectra. Numerical simulations use moving average (MA) data with non-Gaussian white driving noise. Simulation results with small sample sizes show that this new MWBE is feasible and mean-squared error (MSE) optimal

关键词： Frequency Digital signal processing Statistics Helium Inverse problems Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Numerical simulation White noise Filters Computational modeling

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Robust adaptive beamforming using variable loading

Robust adaptive beamforming using variable loading

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Jing Gu P.J. Wolfe Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA USA

It is well known that the performance of adaptive beamformers may degrade in the presence of steering errors or lack of training data. Diagonal loading of the sample covariance matrix is a popular technique applied to the minimum variance/minimum power distortionless response beamformer to increase robustness of the array system. However, this technique induces a trade-off between sidelobe suppression and the ability of the beamformer to adaptively cancel interference and reduce noise. Here we propose a new algorithm employing variable loading of the sample covariance matrix eigenvalues, which we show along with the standard diagonal loading technique to be a special case of a more general rational approximation problem. We also present an online implementation having computational complexity comparable to conventional methods, which in turn allows the weight vector to be efficiently updated. Simulation results indicate that in comparison with standard diagonal loading techniques, the proposed method exhibits enhanced robustness and performance.

关键词： array signal processing Covariance matrix Degradation Training data Noise robustness Interference cancellation Interference suppression Noise reduction Noise cancellation Approximation algorithms

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