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Mobility assessment using simulated *** Human vision

Mobility assessment using simulated *** Human Vision

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： J. Dowling W. Boles A. Maeder School of Engineering Systems Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD Australia CSIRO ICT Centre E-Health Research Centre Brisbane QLD Australia

Recent research on Artificial Human vision (AHV, or visual prostheses) has focused on providing visually meaningful information to the blind through electrical stimulation of a visual system component. This paper reports on the use of a programmable PDA-based AHV simulator which can be used by normally sighted participants. Using three different display types, mobility performance on an indoor arti ficial mobility course was assessed using Percentage of Preferred Walking Speed (PPWS) and mobility errors. A looming obstacle alert display was not found to assist with mobility performance. Mobility performance increased as participants learned to use the simulation effectively. Posture, head movements and gait were affected by use of the simulation.

关键词： Humans Image processing Image edge detection Displays Electrodes Sonar detection Head Cameras Pixel Retina

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A direct method for modeling non-rigid motion with thin plate spline

A direct method for modeling non-rigid motion with thin plat...

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Jongwoo Lim Ming-Hsuan Yang Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana-Champaign IL USA Honda Research Institute Mountain View CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769523722

Thin plate spline (TPS) transformations have been applied to non-rigid shape matching with impressive results. However, existing methods often use a sparse set of point correspondences which are established prior to shape matching. A straightforward approach to finding point correspondences and computing TPS parameters imposes expensive computations, thereby motivating us to develop an efficient solution. In this paper, we present a direct method for recovering non-rigid object motion from its appearance in which the point correspondences are simultaneously established while estimating TPS parameters. The motion parameters are estimated in a stiff-to-flexible approach and the principal appearance deformations are learned that can be utilized for motion analysis and recognition. Numerous experiments demonstrate the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed algorithm in modeling the motion details of non-rigid objects undergoing shape deformation and pose variation.

关键词： Spline Motion estimation Parameter estimation Deformable models Motion analysis Linear systems computer vision Active shape model computer science Humans

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A vision-Based Approach for Controlling User Interfaces of Mobile Devices

A Vision-Based Approach for Controlling User Interfaces of M...

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： J. Hannuksela P. Sangi J. Heikkila Machine Vision Group Infotech Oulu and Department of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Oulu Finland

We introduce a novel user interface solution for mobile devices which enables the display to be controlled by the motion of the user’s hand. A feature-based approach is proposed for dominant global motion estimation that exploits gradient measures for both feature selection and motion uncertainty analysis. We also present a voting-based scheme for outlier removal. A Kalman filter is utilized for smoothing motion trajectories. A fixed-point implementation of the method was made on a mobile device platform that sets computational restrictions for the algorithms used. Experiments with synthetic and real image sequences show the effectiveness of the method and demonstrate the practicality of the approach in a smartphone.

关键词： User interfaces Displays Motion control Motion estimation Motion measurement Motion analysis Image motion analysis Smoothing methods Mobile computing Image sequences

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Pursuing Informative Projection on Grassmann Manifold

Pursuing Informative Projection on Grassmann Manifold

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Dahua Lin Shuicheng Yan Xiaoou Tang Department of Information Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Microsoft Research Asia Beijing China

Inspired by the underlying relationship between classification capability and the mutual information, in this paper, we first establish a quantitative model to describe the information transmission process from feature extraction to final classification and identify the critical channel in this propagation path, and then propose a Maximum Effective Information Criteria for pursuing the optimal subspace in the sense of preserving maximum information that can be conveyed to final decision. Considering the orthogonality and rotation invariance properties of the solution space, we present a Conjugate Gradient method constrained on a Grassmann manifold to exploit the geometric traits of the solution space for enhancing the efficiency of optimization. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the framework integrating the Maximum Effective Information Criteria and Grassmann manifold-based optimization method significantly improves the classification performance.

关键词： Linear discriminant analysis Principal component analysis Mutual information Feature extraction computer vision Information theory Scattering Information analysis Multidimensional systems Entropy

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Shedding light on stereoscopic segmentation

Shedding light on stereoscopic segmentation

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Hailin Jin D. Cremers A.J. Yezzi S. Soatto Computer Science Department University of California Los Angeles CA USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

We propose a variational algorithm to jointly estimate the shape, albedo, and light configuration of a Lambertian scene from a collection of images taken from different vantage points. Our work can be thought of as extending classical multi-view stereo to cases where point correspondence cannot be established, or extending classical shape from shading to the case of multiple views with unknown light sources. We show that a first naive formalization of this problem yields algorithms that are numerically unstable, no matter how close the initialization is to the true geometry. We then propose a computational scheme to overcome this problem, resulting in provably stable algorithms that converge to (local) minima of the cost functional. Although we restrict our attention to Lambertian objects with uniform albedo, extensions of our framework are conceivable.

关键词： Layout Lighting Shape Geometry Reflectivity Stereo vision computer vision Reflection Detectors computer science

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A generative model of human hair for hair sketching

A generative model of human hair for hair sketching

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： H. Chen S.C. Zhu Department of Statistics and Computer Science University of California Los Angeles USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769523722

Human hair is a very complex visual pattern whose representation is rarely studied in the vision literature despite its important role in human recognition. In this paper, we propose a generative model for hair representation and hair sketching, which is far more compact than the physically based models in graphics. We decompose a color hair image into three bands: a color band (a) (by Luv transform), a low frequency band (b) for lighting variations, and a high frequency band (c) for the hair pattern. Then we propose a three level generative model for the hair image (c). In this model, image (c) is generated by a vector field (d) that represents hair orientation, gradient strength, and directions; and this vector field is in turn generated by a hair sketch layer (e). We identify five types of primitives for the hair sketch each specifying the orientations of the vector field on the two sides of the sketch. With the five-layer representation (a-e) computed, we can reconstruct vivid hair images and generate hair sketches. We test our algorithm on a large data set of hairs and some results are reported in the experiments.

关键词： Hair Humans Graphics Image reconstruction pattern recognition Frequency Image generation Animation Image color analysis Statistics

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Recursive Recovery of Position and Orientation from Stereo Image Sequences without Three-Dimensional Structures

Recursive Recovery of Position and Orientation from Stereo I...

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Ying Kin Yu Kin Hong Wong Siu Hang Or M.M.Y. Chang Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Information Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Traditional vision-based 3-D motion estimation algorithms for robots require given or calculated 3-D models while the motion is being tracked. We propose a high-speed extended-Kalman-filter-based approach that recovers position and orientation from stereo image sequences without prior knowledge as well as the procedure for the reconstruction of 3-D structures. Empowered by the use of the trifocal tensor, the computation step of 3-D models can be eliminated. The algorithm is thus more flexible and can be applied to a wide range of domains. The twist motion model is also adopted to parameterize the 3-D motion such that the motion representation in the proposed algorithm is robust and minimal. As the number of parameters to be estimated is reduced, our algorithm is more efficient, stable and accurate compared to traditional approaches. The proposed method has been verified using a real image sequence with ground truth.

关键词： Image sequences Tensile stress Filtering Stereo vision Filters Solid modeling computer science computer society computer vision pattern recognition

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Diagram structure recognition by Bayesian conditional random fields

Diagram structure recognition by Bayesian conditional random...

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Y. Qi M. Szummer T.P. Minka MIT CSAIL Cambridge MA USA Microsoft Research Limited Cambridge UK

Hand-drawn diagrams present a complex recognition problem. Elements of the diagram are often individually ambiguous, and require context to be interpreted. We present a recognition method based on Bayesian conditional random fields (BCRFs) that jointly analyzes all drawing elements in order to incorporate contextual cues. The classification of each object affects the classification of its neighbors. BCRFs allow flexible and correlated features, and take both spatial and temporal information into account. BCRFs estimate the posterior distribution of parameters during training, and average predictions over the posterior for testing. As a result of model averaging, BCRFs avoid the overfitting problems associated with maximum likelihood training. We also incorporate automatic relevance determination (ARD), a Bayesian feature selection technique, into BCRFs. The result is significantly lower error rates compared to ML- and MAP-trained CRFs.

关键词： Bayesian methods Labeling Pixel Testing Maximum likelihood estimation Uncertainty Parameter estimation Error analysis computer vision Context modeling

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The benefits and challenges of collecting richer object annotations

The benefits and challenges of collecting richer object anno...

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (cvprW)

作者： Ian Endres Ali Farhadi Derek Hoiem David A. Forsyth Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana Champaign USA

Several recent works have explored the benefits of providing more detailed annotations for object recognition. These annotations provide information beyond object names, and allow a detector to reason and describe individual instances in plain English. However, by demanding more specific details from annotators, new difficulties arise, such as stronger language dependencies and limited annotator attention. In this work, we present the challenges of constructing such a detailed dataset, and discuss why the benefits of using this data outweigh the difficulties of collecting it.

关键词： Object recognition computer science Object detection Detectors Natural languages Robots

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Locally Linear Models on Face Appearance Manifolds with Application to Dual-Subspace Based Classification

Locally Linear Models on Face Appearance Manifolds with Appl...

引用

conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Wei Fan Dit-Yan Yeung Department of Computer Science Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China

Recently, there has been a flurry of research on face recognition based on multiple images or shots from either a video sequence or an image set. This paper is also such an attempt in multiple-shot face recognition. Specifically, we propose a novel nonparametric method that first extracts discriminating local models via clustering. We apply a hierarchical distance-based clustering procedure according to some distance measure on the appearance manifold to cluster similar face images together. Based on the local models extracted, we then construct the intrapersonal and extrapersonal subspaces. Given a new test image, the angle between the projections of the image onto the two subspaces is used as a distance measure for classification. Since a test example contains multiple face images in multiple-shot face recognition, the final classification combines the classification decisions of all individual test images via a majority voting scheme. We compare our method empirically with some previous methods based on a database of video sequences of human faces, showing that out method significantly outperforms other methods.

关键词： Face recognition Face detection Testing Video sequences Data mining Humans computer vision Clustering algorithms Application software computer science

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