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Improved Visual Grounding through Self-Consistent Explanations

Improved Visual Grounding through Self-Consistent Explanatio...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： He, Ruozhen Cascante-Bonilla, Paola Yang, Ziyan Berg, Alexander C. Ordonez, Vicente Rice Univ Houston TX 77005 USA Univ Calif Irvine Irvine CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

vision-and-language models trained to match images with text can be combined with visual explanation methods to point to the locations of specific objects in an image. Our work shows that the localization -"grounding"-abilities of these models can be further improved by fine-tuning for self-consistent visual explanations. We propose a strategy for augmenting existing text-image datasets with paraphrases using a large language model, and SelfEQ, a weakly-supervised strategy on visual explanation maps for paraphrases that encourages self-consistency. Specifically, for an input textual phrase, we attempt to generate a paraphrase and finetune the model so that the phrase and paraphrase map to the same region in the image. We posit that this both expands the vocabulary that the model is able to handle, and improves the quality of the object locations highlighted by gradient-based visual explanation methods (e.g. GradCAM). We demonstrate that SelfEQ improves performance on Flickr30k, ReferIt, and RefCOCO+ over a strong baseline method and several prior works. Particularly, comparing to other methods that do not use any type of box annotations, we obtain 84.07% on Flickr30k ( an absolute improvement of 4.69%), 67.40% on ReferIt (an absolute improvement of 7.68%), and 75.10%, 55.49% on RefCOCO+ test sets A and B respectively (an absolute improvement of 3.74% on average).

关键词： vision and language visual grounding

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Summarize the Past to Predict the Future: Natural Language Descriptions of Context Boost Multimodal Object Interaction Anticipation

Summarize the Past to Predict the Future: Natural Language D...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Pasca, Razvan-George Gavryushin, Alexey Hamza, Muhammad Kuo, Yen-Ling Mo, Kaichun Van Gool, Luc Hilliges, Otmar Wang, Xi Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich Switzerland Univ Zurich Zurich Switzerland Univ Virginia Charlottesville VA USA NVIDIA Santa Clara CA USA Katholieke Univ Leuven Leuven Belgium INSAIT Sofia Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

We study object interaction anticipation in egocentric videos. This task requires an understanding of the spatio-temporal context formed by past actions on objects, coined action context. We propose TransFusion, a multimodal transformer-based architecture for short-term object interaction anticipation. Our method exploits the representational power of language by summarizing the action context textually, after leveraging pre-trained vision-language foundation models to extract the action context from past video frames. The summarized action context and the last observed video frame are processed by the multimodal fusion module to forecast the next object interaction. Experiments on the Ego4D next active object interaction dataset show the effectiveness of our multimodal fusion model and highlight the benefits of using the power of foundation models and language-based context summaries in a task where vision may appear to suffice. Our novel approach outperforms all state-of-the-art methods on both versions of the Ego4D dataset. A project video and code are available at https://***/transfusion-proj/.

关键词： computer vision Egocentric vision Human Behavior Prediction Multimodal Learning Object Interaction Anticipation vision-Language Models

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Fair-VPT: Fair Visual Prompt Tuning for Image Classification

Fair-VPT: Fair Visual Prompt Tuning for Image Classification

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Park, Sungho Byun, Hy Eran Yonsei Univ Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Despite the remarkable success of vision Transformers (ViT) across diverse fields in computer vision, they have a clear drawback of expensive adaption cost for downstream tasks due to the increased scale. To address this, Visual Prompt Tuning (VPT) incorporates learnable parameters in the input space of ViT. While freezing the ViT backbone and tuning only the prompts, it exhibits superior performances to full fine-tuning. However, despite the outstanding advantage, we point out that VPT may lead to serious unfairness in downstream classification. Initially, we investigate the causes of unfairness in VPT, identifying the biasedly pre-trained ViT as a principal factor. Motivated by this observation, we propose a Fair Visual Prompt Tuning (Fair-VPT) which removes biased information in the pre-trained ViT while adapting it to downstream classification tasks. To this end, we categorize prompts into "cleaner prompts" and "target prompts". Based on this, we encode the class token in two different ways by either masking or not masking the target prompts in the self-attention process. These encoded tokens are trained with distinct objective functions, resulting in the inclusion of different information in the target and cleaner prompts. Moreover, we introduce a disentanglement loss based on contrastive learning to further decorrelate them. In experiments across diverse benchmarks, the proposed method demonstrates the most superior performance in terms of balanced classification accuracy and fairness.

关键词： FAI Fair-VPT Fairness Large vision Model vision Transformer Visual Prompt Tuning ViT VPT

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Dynamic Cues-Assisted Transformer for Robust Point Cloud Registration

Dynamic Cues-Assisted Transformer for Robust Point Cloud Reg...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Chen, Hong Yan, Pei Xiang, Sihe Tan, Yihua Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Artificial Intelligence & Automat Hubei Engn Res Ctr Machine Vision & Intelligent S Wuhan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Point Cloud Registration is a critical and challenging task in computer vision. Recent advancements have predominantly embraced a coarse-to-fine matching mechanism, with the key to matching the superpoints located in patches with interframe consistent structures. However, previous methods still face challenges with ambiguous matching, because the interference information aggregated from irrelevant regions may disturb the capture of interframe consistency relations, leading to wrong matches. To address this issue, we propose Dynamic Cues-Assisted Transformer (DCATr). Firstly, the interference from irrelevant regions is greatly reduced by constraining attention to certain cues, i.e., regions with highly correlated structures of potential corresponding superpoints. Secondly, cues-assisted attention is designed to mine the inter-frame consistency relations, while more attention is assigned to pairs with high consistent confidence in feature aggregation. Finally, a dynamic updating fashion is proposed to facilitate mining richer consistency information, further improving aggregated features' distinctiveness and relieving matching ambiguity. Extensive evaluations on indoor and outdoor standard benchmarks demonstrate that DCATr outperforms all state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： ambiguous feature matching Point cloud registration transformer

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H-ViT: A Hierarchical vision Transformer for Deformable Image Registration

H-ViT: A Hierarchical Vision Transformer for Deformable Imag...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Ghahremani, Morteza Khateri, Mohammad Jian, Bailiang Wiestler, Benedikt Adeli, Ehsan Wachinger, Christian Tech Univ Munich Munich Germany Munich Ctr Machine Learning Munich Germany Univ Eastern Finland Espoo Finland Stanford Univ Stanford CA 94305 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

This paper introduces a novel top-down representation approach for deformable image registration, which estimates the deformation field by capturing various short-and long-range flow features at different scale levels. As a Hierarchical vision Transformer (H-ViT), we propose a dual self-attention and cross-attention mechanism that uses high-level features in the deformation field to represent low-level ones, enabling information streams in the deformation field across all voxel patch embeddings irrespective of their spatial proximity. Since high-level features contain abstract flow patterns, such patterns are expected to effectively contribute to the representation of the deformation field in lower scales. When the self-attention module utilizes within-scale short-range patterns for representation, the cross-attention modules dynamically look for the key tokens across different scales to further interact with the local query voxel patches. Our method shows superior accuracy and visual quality over the state-of-the-art registration methods in five publicly available datasets, highlighting a substantial enhancement in the performance of medical imaging registration. The project link is available at https://***/hvit.

关键词： Deformable Image Registration Hierarchical cross-attention Medical Imaging vision Transformer

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UnScene3D: Unsupervised 3D Instance Segmentation for Indoor Scenes

UnScene3D: Unsupervised 3D Instance Segmentation for Indoor ...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Rozenberszki, David Litany, Or Dai, Angela Tech Univ Munich Munich Germany Technion Haifa Israel NVIDIA Santa Clara CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

3D instance segmentation is fundamental to geometric understanding of the world around us. Existing methods for instance segmentation of 3D scenes rely on supervision from expensive, manual 3D annotations. We propose UnScene3D, the first fully unsupervised 3D learning approach for class-agnostic 3D instance segmentation of indoor scans. UnScene3D first generates pseudo masks by leveraging self-supervised color and geometry features to find potential object regions. We operate on a basis of geometric oversegmentation, enabling efficient representation and learning on high-resolution 3D data. The coarse proposals are then refined through self-training our model on its predictions. Our approach improves over clustering-based alternatives to unsupervised 3D instance segmentation methods by more than 300% Average Precision score, demonstrating effective instance segmentation even in challenging, cluttered 3D scenes.

关键词： 3D computer vision 3D Instance Segmentation Graph-cuts Scene Understanding Self-training Unsupervised Instance Segmentation Unsupervised Learning

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AM-RADIO: Agglomerative vision Foundation Model Reduce All Domains Into One

AM-RADIO: Agglomerative Vision Foundation Model Reduce All D...

引用

ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Ranzinger, Mike Heinrich, Greg Kautz, Jan Molchanov, Pavlo NVIDIA Santa Clara CA 95051 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

A handful of visual foundation models (VFMs) have recently emerged as the backbones for numerous downstream tasks. VFMs like CLIP, DINOv2, SAM are trained with distinct objectives, exhibiting unique characteristics for various downstream tasks. We find that despite their conceptual differences, these models can be effectively merged into a unified model through multi-teacher distillation. We name this approach AM-RADIO (Agglomerative Model - Reduce All Domains Into One). This integrative approach not only surpasses the performance of individual teacher models but also amalgamates their distinctive features, such as zero-shot vision-language comprehension, detailed pixel-level understanding, and open vocabulary segmentation capabilities. Additionally, in pursuit of the most hardware-efficient backbone, we evaluated numerous architectures in our multi-teacher distillation pipeline using the same training recipe. This led to the development of a novel architecture (E-RADIO) that exceeds the performance of its predecessors and is at least 6x faster than the teacher models at matched resolution. Our comprehensive benchmarking process covers downstream tasks including ImageNet classification, semantic segmentation linear probing, COCO object detection and integration into LLaVa-1.5. Code: https://***/NVlabs/RADIO.

关键词： Distillation Knowledge Distillation Semantic Segmentation Visual Foundation Model Visual Large Language Models Zero Shot Classification

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PairDETR : Joint Detection and Association of Human Bodies and Faces

PairDETR : Joint Detection and Association of Human Bodies a...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Ali, Ammar Gaikov, Georgii Rybalchenko, Denis Chigorin, Alexander Laptev, Ivan Zagoruyko, Sergey MTS AI ITMO Moscow Russia MTS AI Moscow Russia VisionLabs Hyderabad Telangana India MBZUAI Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates MTS AI Skoltech Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

Image and video analysis requires not only accurate object detection but also the understanding of relationships among detected objects. Common solutions to relation modeling typically resort to stand-alone object detectors followed by non-differentiable post-processing techniques. Recently introduced detection transformers (DETR) perform end-to-end object detection based on a bipartite matching loss. Such methods, however, lack the ability to jointly detect objects and resolve object associations. In this paper, we build on the DETR approach and extend it to the joint detection of objects and their relationships by introducing an approximated bipartite matching. While our method can generalize to an arbitrary number of objects, we here focus on the modeling of object pairs and their relations. In particular, we apply our method PairDETR to the problem of detecting human bodies and faces, and associating them for the same person. Our approach not only eliminates the need for hand-designed post-processing but also achieves excellent results for body-face associations. We evaluate PairDETR on the challenging CrowdHuman and CityPersons datasets and demonstrate a large improvement over the state of the art. Our training code and pre-trained models are available at https://***/mts-ai/pairdetr

关键词： Association CityPersons computer vision CrowdHuman DETR end-to-end Object detection Transformers

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KeyPoint Relative Position Encoding for Face recognition

KeyPoint Relative Position Encoding for Face Recognition

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Kim, Minchul Su, Yiyang Liu, Feng Jain, Anil Liu, Xiaoming Michigan State Univ E Lansing MI 48824 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

In this paper, we address the challenge of making ViT models more robust to unseen affine transformations. Such robustness becomes useful in various recognition tasks such as face recognition when image alignment failures occur. We propose a novel method called KP-RPE, which leverages key points (e.g. facial landmarks) to make ViT more resilient to scale, translation, and pose variations. We begin with the observation that Relative Position Encoding (RPE) is a good way to bring affine transform generalization to ViTs. RPE, however, can only inject the model with prior knowledge that nearby pixels are more important than far pixels. Keypoint RPE (KP-RPE) is an extension of this principle, where the significance of pixels is not solely dictated by their proximity but also by their relative positions to specific keypoints within the image. By anchoring the significance of pixels around keypoints, the model can more effectively retain spatial relationships, even when those relationships are disrupted by affine transformations. We show the merit of KP-RPE in face and gait recognition. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness in improving face recognition performance from low-quality images, particularly where alignment is prone to failure. Code and pre-trained models are available.

关键词： Affine Transformation Face recognition Facial Landmarks Gait recognition Keypoints recognition Relative Position Encoding

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Flow-Guided Online Stereo Rectification for Wide Baseline Stereo

Flow-Guided Online Stereo Rectification for Wide Baseline St...

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ieee/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Kumar, Anush Mannan, Fahim Jafari, Omid Hosseini Li, Shile Heider, Felix Torc Robot Blacksburg VA 24060 USA Princeton Univ Princeton NJ 08544 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Stereo rectification is widely considered "solved" due to the abundance of traditional approaches to perform rectification. However, autonomous vehicles and robots in-the-wild require constant re-calibration due to exposure to various environmental factors, including vibration, and structural stress, when cameras are arranged in a wide-baseline configuration. Conventional rectification methods fail in these challenging scenarios: especially for larger vehicles, such as autonomous freight trucks and semi-trucks, the resulting incorrect rectification severely affects the quality of downstream tasks that use stereo/multi-view data. To tackle these challenges, we propose an online rectification approach that operates at real-time rates while achieving high accuracy. We propose a novel learning-based online calibration approach that utilizes stereo correlation volumes built from a feature representation obtained from cross-image attention. Our model is trained to minimize vertical optical flow as proxy rectification constraint, and predicts the relative rotation between the stereo pair. The method is real-time and even outperforms conventional methods used for offline calibration, and substantially improves downstream stereo depth, post-rectification. We release two public datasets (https://***/online-stereo-recification/), a synthetic and experimental wide baseline dataset, to foster further research.

关键词： Autonomous Driving Camera Pose Estimation computer vision Rectification Datasets Stereo Rectification Wide Baseline Stereo

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