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共 2005 条记录，以下是91-100 订阅

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The Relationship between Occupants' Movement and Building Morphology before and during COVID-19 Pandemic

The Relationship between Occupants' Movement and Building Mo...

引用

asce international conference on computing in civil engineering (I3CE)

作者： Zhou, Yuhan Yeoh, Justin K. W. Natl Univ Singapore Dept Civil & Environm Engn Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (数字)9780784485224

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485224

During the COVID-19 pandemic, engineering control emerged as an efficient method for isolating people from hazards through physical or mechanical means. To enhance engineering control, understanding the relationship between occupants' movement and building morphology before and during the pandemic is crucial. Although previous research has explored the impact of building elements on occupants' route choices and indoor movements in emergencies, everyday scenarios remain understudied. This study addresses this gap by analyzing a Wi-Fi dataset to track occupants' movements and a building dataset to obtain morphological features of selected academic buildings. Using the K-means clustering method, the relationship between 12 building features and occupancy was examined. Trajectory data at different pandemic stages was visualized to emphasize changes in occupants' movements following engineering control measures. The results reveal that building features, such as floor area, corridor area, and room number, significantly influence occupants' indoor movement.

关键词： Buildings

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Assessing the Feasibility of Utilizing UAVs and Laser Scanning for Quantifying Landfilled Fly Ash

Assessing the Feasibility of Utilizing UAVs and Laser Scanni...

引用

asce international conference on computing in civil engineering (I3CE)

作者： Kuinkel, Muskan Sharma Zhang, Chengyi Liu, Peng Ksaibati, Khaled Univ Wyoming Dept Civil & Architectural Engn Construct Res & Innovat Lab Laramie WY USA Univ Wyoming Dept Civil & Architectural Engn Laramie WY 82071 USA

ISBN: (数字)9780784485224

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485224

Due to the shift towards green coal industries, the decrease in fly ash production has affected concrete industries. It is crucial for them to identify the availability of fly ash in landfills/storage facilities to meet their demand if the supply decreases. However, there is no standard procedure to quantify fly ash in existing landfills. Previous research used UAVs and laser scanning to estimate stockpile volume but didn't address the feasibility of the technologies on a broader scale. This paper aims to develop a standard procedure for using UAVs and laser scanning to estimate fly ash availability and analyze their feasibility in terms of cost, safety, quality, and ease of use. The study compares the results to select the best method for stockpile volume estimation. Findings will provide a guideline for industry professionals to choose a suitable technology for quantitative estimation of fly ash on a large scale and encourage research into emerging technologies.

关键词： Fly ash

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An Improved Hybrid XGBoost Model for Culvert Inspection Using Swarm Intelligence Algorithms

An Improved Hybrid XGBoost Model for Culvert Inspection Usin...

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asce international conference on computing in civil engineering (I3CE)

作者： Mohammadi, Pouria Rashidi, Abbas Asgari, Sadegh Univ Utah Dept Civil & Environm Engn Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA Merrimack Coll Dept Civil Engn N Andover MA USA

ISBN: (数字)9780784485224

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485224

Departments of transportation (DOTs) must regularly inspect and maintain culverts to prevent their failure. However, DOTs cannot conduct culvert inspections on a regular basis due to their limited maintenance budgets. In this study, we proposed an intelligent approach for inspecting the condition of culverts. We developed a hybrid model based on the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm to predict culvert condition ratings using culvert inventory data from the states of Utah, Vermont, Ohio, and Colorado. We applied a swarm intelligence algorithm-Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO)-to fine-tune the XGBoost model's hyper-parameters and enhance the model's prediction accuracy. Based on the results, the GWO-XGBoost algorithm outperformed the previous algorithms employed in the literature for predicting culvert condition ratings. This study showed that DOTs could minimize culvert inspection costs while maximizing their culvert network quality by taking advantage of predictive analytics models trained on their current inventory datasets.

关键词： Budget control

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Machine Learning-Based Ranking of Factors Influencing Human Movement Purposes for Supporting Human-Infrastructure Interaction Modeling

Machine Learning-Based Ranking of Factors Influencing Human ...

引用

asce international conference on computing in civil engineering (I3CE)

作者： Zhang, Lan Liu, Kaijian Stevens Inst Technol Dept Civil Environm & Ocean Engn Hoboken NJ 07030 USA

ISBN: (数字)9780784485224

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485224

Modeling, predicting, and controlling the interactions between humans and civil infrastructure systems can simultaneously improve the operational efficiency of infrastructure systems and the satisfaction of infrastructure users. The first step toward achieving this goal is to model human-to-infrastructure interaction, which in most cases is driven by human movements (e.g., moving from an origin location to a destination requires using the transportation infrastructure connecting the two). To this end, this paper aims to conduct a machine learning-based data-driven analysis to rank the importance of factors influencing human movement purposes, thereby identifying highly influential factors to support subsequent human-to-infrastructure interaction modeling. The research methodology included: (1) representing movement instances using spatial and land use, temporal, and demographic features;and (2) conducting feature ranking per movement purpose type using the logistic regression algorithm. As a preliminary work, this paper focuses on presenting the research methodology, and analyzing and discussing the feature ranking results.

关键词： Land use

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Investigating the Data Inputs and Requirements for Response and Recovery Decision Models in Flooding Events

Investigating the Data Inputs and Requirements for Response ...

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asce international conference on computing in civil engineering (I3CE)

作者： Ahmadi, S. Yasaman Lather, Jennifer I. Wittich, Christine E. Madson, Katherine Univ Nebraska Durham Sch Architectural Engn & Construct Lincoln NE 68583 USA Univ Nebraska Dept Civil & Environm Engn Lincoln NE USA Iowa State Univ Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn Construct Engn Ames IA USA

ISBN: (数字)9780784485248

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485248

Access to accurate and timely data by disaster response decision-makers is vital in the management of flood risk. The possibilities of using emerging and historical data have increased the need to develop systematic methods for evaluating data input requirements to ensure appropriate use of data-driven methods in disaster response. The goal of this work is to present current data formats and requirements in response and recovery decision models and identify potentials to include measures of equity to make them more flexible and equitable for a larger segment of the US population. This study evaluates existing decision models and presents a framework to aid researchers and modelers to incorporate social vulnerability and community data with other data sources used in disaster response and recovery. The framework contributes to the advancement of flood resilience management by providing an analysis process to facilitate inclusion of diverse data streams for use in decision-making.

关键词： Floods

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Development of a Cost-Effective Proximity Warning System for Fall Protection

Development of a Cost-Effective Proximity Warning System for...

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asce international conference on computing in civil engineering (I3CE)

作者： Jin, Ziyu Gambatese, John Univ New Mexico Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn Albuquerque NM 87131 USA Oregon State Univ Sch Civil & Construct Engn Corvallis OR 97331 USA

ISBN: (数字)9780784485248

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485248

Falling from heights remains a major safety concern on construction sites worldwide. In 2020, falls accounted for approximately 34.8% of the deaths in construction in the US. Previous studies have proposed a range of construction technology applications for fall hazard identification and protection. However, few technologies are applicable in real-time scenarios on construction sites, and some of them create a certain level of interruption to operations, as physical attachments to the human body or personal protection equipment are required. The objective of this study is to propose a real-time proximity warning system for fall hazard detection and protection with limited interruptions to operations. The proposed system integrates a microprocessor board, multiple ultrasonic distance sensors, and an early fall alarm with a buzzer. When the sensor unit detects a worker's movement in a pre-identified hazard zone, the early fall alarm will activate, warning the worker to stay alert and take precautionary measures to prevent fall-related injuries. The proposed system is intended to serve as a supplementary measure for fall protection and prevention, in addition to existing measures.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Construction Cost Savings through VR-Based Early Identification of Operability Issues: A Comparative Case Study

Construction Cost Savings through VR-Based Early Identificat...

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asce international conference on computing in civil engineering (I3CE)

作者： Girgin, Simge Fruchter, Renate Fischer, Martin Stanford Univ Dept Civil & Environm Engn Stanford CA 94305 USA Stanford Univ Dept Civil & Environm Engn Project Based Learning Lab Stanford CA USA

ISBN: (数字)9780784485231

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485231

Virtual reality-based (VR-based) design reviews can help facility operators identify operability issues during preconstruction and prevent rework costs during construction. However, because VR benefits have not been documented in the construction industry, project managers have difficulty understanding them and typically do not implement VR-based design reviews. To quantify the benefits of VR use during preconstruction, we conducted a comparative case study through qualitative content analysis, interviews, and workflow modeling. We compared two buildings of a facility construction project: one where operability issues were identified through VR-based design reviews before construction and one where operability issues were not identified and had to be resolved during construction, leading to field rework, requests for information, and change orders totaling at least $100,000. Thus, this case study provides insights that may encourage project managers to consider using VR for detecting operability issues during preconstruction.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Self-Optimization of Robot Design for Navigating in Ceiling Systems

Self-Optimization of Robot Design for Navigating in Ceiling ...

引用

asce international conference on computing in civil engineering (I3CE)

作者： Duan, Kangkang Zou, Zhengbo Univ British Columbia Dept Civil Engn Vancouver BC Canada

ISBN: (数字)9780784485224

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485224

Suspended ceiling systems are complex and heterogeneous due to the combination of different components. Therefore, it is hard for robots to navigate in these environments without expert designed robot morphology. However, the cost of robot design is high since ceiling systems vary from building to building. Currently, some studies demonstrate that robots can evolve like creatures so that they can adapt themselves to different environments through evolutionary strategies. Inspired by the assembly of LEGO bricks, we applied graph grammar methods to optimize robot design in suspended ceiling systems. The basic idea is that the robot can find the optimized structures assembled from elementary components for themselves without any human intervention. Robots were trained in four common ceiling environments reflecting the influence of typical terrain and obstructions (e.g., ducts). Results show that different suspended ceiling system significantly affects the configuration of robots and robots can successfully evolve specific shapes to improve their acclimatization. This paper marks the first attempt at performing robot evolution in the context of facilities management and is expected to evoke future discussions in robot design in more civil engineering tasks.

关键词： Robots

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Inhibitory Control Behavior of Novice and Experienced Drivers during Work Zone Intrusion: Functional Connectivity Analysis Using fNIRS

Inhibitory Control Behavior of Novice and Experienced Driver...

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asce international conference on computing in civil engineering (I3CE)

作者： Pooladvand, Shiva Pokharkar, Hrishikesh Lee, Kyeongsuk Hasanzadeh, Sogand Purdue Univ Lyles Sch Civil Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

ISBN: (数字)9780784485224

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485224

While driving is a mentally demanding task, driving on roads that include maintaining and repairing construction activities can heighten the complexity of this task. Within work zones, drivers may fail to properly process road construction signs, which can highly threaten road construction workers' safety. However, drivers' control over the vehicle and the inhibitory control ability are important to prevent accidents. While previous studies investigated inhibitory control among drivers, they lack natural settings with the presence of an auditory stimulus. To bridge this gap, this study investigated expert and novice drivers' neural activity and inhibitory control while intruding into a work zone equipped with auditory intrusion alert technology. Results showed that experts had higher neural activity within the prefrontal cortex while showing better response inhibition. Such knowledge can increase road safety professionals' knowledge regarding the interventions that are needed to increase work zones' safety.

关键词： Roads and streets

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Stacked Object Clustering with Adaptive Scanning and Density Centralized Voting

Stacked Object Clustering with Adaptive Scanning and Density...

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asce international conference on computing in civil engineering (I3CE)

作者： You, Hengxu Xu, Fang Du, Jing Univ Florida Informat Cobots & Intelligent Construct Lab Dept Civil & Coastal Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA

ISBN: (数字)9780784485224

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485224

Vision-based sensors have been widely used in reality capture and the corresponding scene understanding tasks such as object detection. Given the increasing complexity of built environments, geometric features from the raw scanning data can become too vague for effective object detection. One example challenge is stacked object recognition. Previous methods propose to use high-resolution sensors to capture more detailed geometry information to highlight the boundaries between adjacent objects, which increases the deployment cost and computing needs. This paper proposes a novel data augmentation and voting method for stacked object detection with only low-cost sparse LiDAR sensors. First, a modified Lidar Odometry and Mapping (LOAM) method is used to register and augment raw point cloud data from multiple scans in real time. Then a voxel-based density voting method is applied to centralize the points in an enhanced scan for more accurate clustering. Finally, the clustered points are grouped and applied to generate 3D bounding boxes for object boundary identification. A pilot test was performed to show the improved results of the proposed methods for both reality capture and clustering.

关键词： Object detection

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