As building automation becomes more prevalent, smart buildings will be integrated into smart cities. Using artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to increase efficiency and the automation level throughout the whole ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485224
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485224
As building automation becomes more prevalent, smart buildings will be integrated into smart cities. Using artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to increase efficiency and the automation level throughout the whole life cycle of building information modeling (BIM). Especially for the management phase of a building, facility managers are recognizing the value of machine learning and robotics for the automation of different maintenance tasks. In the fire safety management field, documentation of fire safety equipment (FSE) is required due to recurring maintenance work, system changes, and relocations. This study concentrates on the automatic detection of inspection tags on FSE using a YOLO network and its deployment on a mobile robot. The goal is to create a fully autonomous inspection mission for a legged robot by executing predefined routes, identifying FSE, and extracting necessary information, such as the next maintenance date tags.
The increasing availability of global positioning systems and smartphones has enabled the crowdsourcing of actual travel behavior. Using this data to measure the impacts of flooding on traffic functionality, however, ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485248
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485248
The increasing availability of global positioning systems and smartphones has enabled the crowdsourcing of actual travel behavior. Using this data to measure the impacts of flooding on traffic functionality, however, remains a challenge, as different traffic variables can be used to quantify functionality, and it is not straightforward to determine the duration of the traffic disruption. This research analyzed five flood events to determine the traffic variables that better capture the impacts of flooding on traffic functionality. The study also proposes a methodology to determine the moment at which the impacts of flooding on traffic end. The results suggest that number of trips, vehicle miles traveled (VMT), and vehicle hours traveled (VHT) are the traffic variables that better reflect the impacts of flooding on traffic functionality and that changes in the standard deviation of these variables can be used to determine the duration of the traffic disruption.
State departments of transportation (DOTs) face several challenges in managing their transportation asset data and maintaining the asset condition to a certain level of required serviceability. In the current practice...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485248
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485248
State departments of transportation (DOTs) face several challenges in managing their transportation asset data and maintaining the asset condition to a certain level of required serviceability. In the current practices, asset information is siloed and isolated throughout the asset life cycle, resulting in data stagnation and loss. Conversely, understanding data architecture is critical to leverage the value of asset data. Thus, this paper aims to develop a Transportation Asset Data Lifecycle Ecosystem (TADLE) that compiles the information associated with and required for each data life-cycle stage. Furthermore, this study presents a case study to validate and implement TADLE to determine the essential information and data flow associated with managing an ancillary asset throughout its life cycle by a state DOT. The developed framework will support state DOTs in advancing the data and information systems necessary for efficient transportation asset management practices to allow for data computing, analysis, and informed decision-making.
Over the years, falls have been the leading cause of severe injuries and fatal accidents in the construction industry. Various automated detection and prevention systems have been developed to improve worker safety co...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485248
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485248
Over the years, falls have been the leading cause of severe injuries and fatal accidents in the construction industry. Various automated detection and prevention systems have been developed to improve worker safety conditions on the job. However, there have been limitations in the use and accuracy of these systems due to the peculiarities of the construction sites. Hence, this study was conducted by reviewing multiple studies on 10 sensing technologies, their modes of operation, and the factors that influence performance, strengths, and weaknesses based on working conditions at varying levels of fall risk. This study proposes a framework that can facilitate the integration of two or more systems to detect and prevent workers from falling. A comparative analysis was conducted to identify the usefulness and limitations of various sensing technologies, with the aim of developing a hybrid system that can be employed in various fall hazard levels.
Drainage infrastructure maintenance projects are resource-intensive undertakings at the clients' premises. Their projects' domain consists of multiple one-of-a-kind small projects scattered over various locati...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485248
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485248
Drainage infrastructure maintenance projects are resource-intensive undertakings at the clients' premises. Their projects' domain consists of multiple one-of-a-kind small projects scattered over various locations and subject to constant changes over time (emergent projects, deadline changes). Conventional project planning models relying on a sequential phase-to-phase (waterfall) methodology do not lend themselves well to plan crew allocation and job schedules in response to dynamic customers' demands. This research introduces agile project management methods originated in the software development industry;further a practical agile project management approach is conceptualized to allocate a finite number of crews to perform routine jobs by their respective deadlines while dealing with high-priority jobs or emergency jobs, all subject to the updated constraints on crews' availability. A drainage service case study is provided to demonstrate method application.
Research has demonstrated the critical role of reinforced concrete (RC) columns in major built infrastructure systems such as bridges and high-rise buildings. To build upon this, this study aims to demonstrate the eff...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485248
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485248
Research has demonstrated the critical role of reinforced concrete (RC) columns in major built infrastructure systems such as bridges and high-rise buildings. To build upon this, this study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of the support vector machine (SVM) learning technique in predicting the potential failure mode of laterally loaded spiral RC columns. The Pacific Earthquake engineering Research Center's laboratory test data of 159 spiral RC columns was used for this data-driven study, and the SVM model adopted the radial basis function kernel and optimized values of the hyperparameters cost and gamma to develop a robust SVM classification model. The model has an accuracy of 94.59% and a Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.92. Overall, this study has successfully demonstrated machine learning tools' effectiveness and usability in data-driven engineering problem-solving and would contribute immensely to the domain knowledge on using technological tools to solve society's most pressing challenges.
The utility sector has historically been challenged with poor information on subsurface utilities, leading to problems such as utility strikes, subsequent delays, and cost overruns. Emerging technologies such as a dig...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485231
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485231
The utility sector has historically been challenged with poor information on subsurface utilities, leading to problems such as utility strikes, subsequent delays, and cost overruns. Emerging technologies such as a digital twin (DT) are being proposed to better capture subsurface utility data to minimize some of these problems. This study reviews the state of the practice of DT in the utility sector to pave the way for future research direction. The study involved selecting and critically reviewing relevant papers in two databases. The review's outcome shows that DT adoption in the utility sector is still nascent, and more academic research is needed for significant advancement. It was also observed that the most advanced implementation of DT can be found in the water sector, while other utilities only implemented geometric DTs. Also, the problem of accurately locating existing subsurface facilities for easy maintenance or upgrade continues to linger.
engineering drawings from various domains, for example, the construction industry, exhibit the geometry of the contained components in certain scales. The drawing's real-world scale is not necessarily stored as me...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485248
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485248
engineering drawings from various domains, for example, the construction industry, exhibit the geometry of the contained components in certain scales. The drawing's real-world scale is not necessarily stored as meta information with the drawing file. This information is only implicitly contained by dimension lines. This paper presents a multistage pipeline to infer the true scale using deep learning-based methods and logical reasoning. By using the state-of-the-art object detection method YOLOv7 and the robust optical character recognition model EasyOCR, the proposed approach localizes each dimension line and interprets their respective length. The global scale of the drawing is determined by a voting scheme resulting in the most likely pixel-resolution. The method is tested on bridge construction drawings and shows promising results in all stages of the pipeline. The authors plan to publish the trained model weights together with the source code.
In the practical implementation of road design, engineers must make multiple decisions during the design process, which is often neither formalized nor automated, thereby resulting in a repetitive cycle of design, ana...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485224
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485224
In the practical implementation of road design, engineers must make multiple decisions during the design process, which is often neither formalized nor automated, thereby resulting in a repetitive cycle of design, analysis, and modification processes when designing and constructing road projects. Researchers in the architecture, engineering, and construction domain have explored design optimization from many perspectives. This study presents a systematic review of existing literature on road design optimization, summarizing the status quo of existing studies in terms of optimization disciplines, objectives, and methods. The review highlights that existing research on road design optimization has mainly focused on optimizing traffic network, geometry design, and material performance with certain objectives, using various approaches. Future topics could include optimization methods that integrate more analysis processes from different disciplines and incorporate multidisciplinary expertise into building information modeling (BIM) with parametric representation and rich semantic information.
Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that verifies and records transactions simultaneously across a computer network, offering data dependability, traceability, and immutability. It has gained attention in th...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485231
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485231
Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that verifies and records transactions simultaneously across a computer network, offering data dependability, traceability, and immutability. It has gained attention in the architecture, engineering, construction, and operations (AECO) industry. However, to justify its deployment costs, it is essential to identify where blockchain can generate the most value. This study proposes that the operations and maintenance (O&M) phase of a building's life cycle, which has a significant environmental, social, and economic impact, can yield a higher return for blockchain. A literature review was conducted to investigate the implementation of blockchain in AECO, revealing a need for more attention to O&M. Inspired by the insights from the review and existing blockchain deployment frameworks, a high-level decision-making framework for blockchain adoption in O&M was developed. The paper also discusses various opportunities, challenges, and future research questions for a successful implementation of blockchain in buildings' O&M.
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