The study shows the relationship between the AEC use case purposes, goals, and collaborative technologies in interactive workspaces (IWs). The new Human/Buildings Simulation, Integration, Visualization, and Automation...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485231
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485231
The study shows the relationship between the AEC use case purposes, goals, and collaborative technologies in interactive workspaces (IWs). The new Human/Buildings Simulation, Integration, Visualization, and Automation Laboratory (H/B-SIVA Lab) at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL), which incorporates hardware, software, inputs, and outputs systems such as multimodal devices, wireless devices, and large displays, was used as an illustration. The study is still in progress, and local AEC researchers and professionals will be consulted on its validity in the future. It covers the attributes and benefits of IWs, the H/B-SIVA Lab, IWs use cases and task types, IWs emerging technologies, the proposed IWs framework, and the conclusion and future research. This study provides a standard language and structure for determining appropriate methods to enhance the adoption and successful adoption of IWs technologies and the use cases in collaborative project teams in the AEC industry for AEC researchers and professionals.
The effect of struck-by hazards as one of the most lethal dangers has not been given enough attention due to its variable and complex contributing factors. This study aims to conduct an analysis of struck-by accidents...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485248
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485248
The effect of struck-by hazards as one of the most lethal dangers has not been given enough attention due to its variable and complex contributing factors. This study aims to conduct an analysis of struck-by accidents to identify the key factors that contribute to struck-by accidents, such as the accident time, weather conditions, worker age and body part injured, equipment involved, and location of the accident. The random forest (RF) model was used to analyze the factors related to struck-by fatalities. Results showed that the equipment involved, the body part affected, and the location of the struck-by accident are significant predictors of fatality. The four most important factors influencing struck-by fatalities are ground, head, vehicle, and afternoon. Based on the research findings, more attention should be given to equipment safety. In addition, safety training should be strengthened on improving workers' awareness of urgency in safety.
There were some technical limitations, but there was an advancement in the photogrammetric approach for point cloud generation recently. Thus, the authors attempted to verify an advancement of the photogrammetric appr...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485224
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485224
There were some technical limitations, but there was an advancement in the photogrammetric approach for point cloud generation recently. Thus, the authors attempted to verify an advancement of the photogrammetric approach for the geometric quality assessment of a modular house and documented the challenges and lessons learned from developing a 3D point cloud model of an existing modular house using an existing commercially available software that uses photogrammetric approach. The documented lessons learned are: (1) obstructions by existing objects on the site;(2) insufficient overlapping of pictures;(3) low-quality GPS data;(4) movement of objects/workers;(5) different exposures;and (6) issues with combining photos taken by UAV and a handheld camera, and others. The findings will help practitioners to avoid the same mistakes/difficulties and service providers and scholars on the photogrammetric approach to conduct further research and improve the technology by resolving the raised issues.
Flooding is a frequent disaster in urban areas. It disrupts the urban transportation and results in longer response times from emergency public services. The primary approach of predicting the response time in prior s...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485248
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485248
Flooding is a frequent disaster in urban areas. It disrupts the urban transportation and results in longer response times from emergency public services. The primary approach of predicting the response time in prior studies is to simulate vehicles' movement on disrupted road networks. However, this approach implicitly assumes free-flow transportation and lacks real incident data for prediction and validation. To test the effectiveness of the simulation-based approach, this study applies the approach to predict the ambulance response time change during flooding events. The result shows that the approach could predict the response time increase due to road disruptions and the routing change, but is weak in modeling more complicated mechanisms, such as congestion, demand surge, and service capacity limits, all of which play a significant role in the expected response time. As a promising future direction, a data-driven approach to overcome the weakness of the rule-based simulation approach is discussed.
The construction industry has increasingly adopted digital twin (DT) technology to support planning and design, construction, and operation. Modular DTs offer a flexible and scalable solution that can adapt to the cha...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485224
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485224
The construction industry has increasingly adopted digital twin (DT) technology to support planning and design, construction, and operation. Modular DTs offer a flexible and scalable solution that can adapt to the changing requirements of the construction industry. However, it is unclear how modules of DTs are defined and structured for the built environment. This paper defines modularity in DTs as technical, process-oriented, spatial, and life- cycle-oriented modularity. A literature review is conducted to analyze current DT approaches in the built environment, considering the modularity of their implementations. Information containers are identified as a viable way to implement modular DT. A comparison of their implementation based on the Asset Administration Shell (AAS) of Industry 4.0 and information container for linked document delivery (ICDD) is provided. The paper contributes comprehensive and modular approaches for implementing modular DTs, offering valuable insights for future research and practical implementation.
Adaptive signalized intersections can significantly enhance the traffic characteristics of transportation networks. This research aims to utilize a cooperative game theory approach, Shapley value, to optimize the gree...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485224
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485224
Adaptive signalized intersections can significantly enhance the traffic characteristics of transportation networks. This research aims to utilize a cooperative game theory approach, Shapley value, to optimize the green times of signalized intersections in a network. This is achieved through simulating the current traffic characteristic of a network, then applying Shapley value to calculate the optimized green times of phases in the intersection based on their marginal contribution to the overall network performance. The proposed model is developed and simulated on PTV VISSIM. The optimization module is coded via Python through the integrated COM interface. The proposed approach is developed and tested on a case study in Cairo, Egypt, presenting its ability to optimize the overall traffic characteristics of a network. The model's outcome is compared to optimized fixed time signal. The proposed approach improved the overall network performance, rather than achieving local optimal solutions at subsets of the network.
This paper studies a resource-constrained project scheduling problem with stochastic activity durations and multi-skilled resource constraints. Robust project scheduling is employed to tackle uncertainty. We name it t...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485231
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485231
This paper studies a resource-constrained project scheduling problem with stochastic activity durations and multi-skilled resource constraints. Robust project scheduling is employed to tackle uncertainty. We name it the robust resource-constrained project scheduling problem with multi-skilled resources (RRCPSP-MR). The objective is to schedule the starting times of activities and allocate multi-skilled resources reasonably in order to maximize the robustness of the project schedule in the presence of activity duration variability. An optimization model is constructed to formulate this problem. Based on the NP-hardness attribute of the problem, a resource allocation heuristic algorithm is developed to obtain satisfactory solutions. In addition, a demonstration case is executed to show the problem clearly and verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. It renders further proof that multi-skilled attributes of resources can improve the robustness of baseline schedules.
The availability of 3D datasets is crucial for the development and testing of scan-vs-BIM and scan-to-BIM solutions, which are active fields of research in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) researc...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485231
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485231
The availability of 3D datasets is crucial for the development and testing of scan-vs-BIM and scan-to-BIM solutions, which are active fields of research in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) research community. However, most of the publicly available datasets do not include building information models (BIM)-currently a common practice in the AEC industry-nor laser scanner-generated point cloud datasets. To address this gap, this research presents LivingBIM, a dataset of a recently constructed academic building that includes as-designed BIM models, as-built 3D point clouds, semantically segmented 3D point clouds, and panoramic images for a single facility. Moreover, this dataset includes mechanical and electrical rooms to represent some of the geometric complexities in AEC projects. The availability of this dataset can enhance the development and testing of ML models and other algorithms for the AEC industry.
Municipalities and governmental agencies continue to mainly rely on responsive treatments such as road resurfacing or reconstruction which are costly. This study found that there is a knowledge gap about the long-term...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485248
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485248
Municipalities and governmental agencies continue to mainly rely on responsive treatments such as road resurfacing or reconstruction which are costly. This study found that there is a knowledge gap about the long-term economic benefits of preventive treatments at the road network level. To address this knowledge gap, this study presents a long-term and life cycle economic feasibility analysis of implementing preventive treatments for a municipal highway. This paper examines three main aspects: (1) the effectiveness of preventive maintenance treatments, (2) the degree of cost reduction associated with different types of preventive treatments, and (3) the extent of preventive treatment required to achieve the desired effect. According to the analysis, the combination of preventive maintenance and rehabilitation treatments can result in a substantial decrease of 34% in overall expenses over a 30-year timeframe, regardless of the preventive types.
This study investigates the synergies of integrated simulation approaches using building information modeling (BIM) and agent-based modeling (ABM) in construction. These modeling approaches in construction have been b...
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ISBN:
(数字)9780784485231
ISBN:
(纸本)9780784485231
This study investigates the synergies of integrated simulation approaches using building information modeling (BIM) and agent-based modeling (ABM) in construction. These modeling approaches in construction have been bridged by observing the movements of project participants (e.g., laborers, pedestrians), particularly in environments with spatial and temporal constraints. The key objectives of this study are to investigate (1) the issues integrated BIM-ABM modeling can address, (2) the functions each model performs, and (3) the benefits of such an integrated model. To this end, this study employed a systematic review of scholarly literature focusing on applications and synergies of BIM-ABM integration in the construction industry. Studies in this space primarily focused on the optimization of job site evacuation and project management. In the studies, simulation results highlighted benefits to construction projects through supporting safety at work, reduced construction costs, and enhanced productivity.
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