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FPGA based parallel implementation of morphological filters

FPGA based parallel implementation of morphological filters

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International conference on Microelectronics, Computing and Communications (MicroCom)

作者： Debasish Mukherjee Susanta Mukhopadhyay G. P. Biswas Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian School of Mines Dhanbad India

ISBN: (纸本)9781467366229

This paper presents a parallel algorithm and its hardware architecture for implementing 2-D gray-scale morphological operations namely dilation and erosion using rectangular flat top structuring elements. The proposed architecture supports parallel extension whereby throughput and processing frame rate is enhanced. The architecture is fully generic and runtime programmable with respect to image size and structuring elements size respectively. The main advantage of the architecture is its low latency, lower internal memory requirements, higher processing frame rate and throughput which makes it more amenable to real time applications. Additionally, it makes use of stream processing which eliminates the need for buffering image data, whereby memory overhead is minimized. The architecture has been synthesized using Xilinx design Suite 14.2 ISE and prototyped on Virtex 5 FPGA Board and verified using xilinx ISIM Simulator. The proposed architecture has been tested for images of varied gray-scale geometric dimension and the results shows satisfactory performance.

关键词： Computer architecture Hardware Parallel algorithms Field programmable gate arrays Clocks signal generators Gray-scale

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signal and image processing techniques for VLSI failure analysis

Signal and image processing techniques for VLSI failure anal...

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International conference on Informatics and Computing (ICIC)

作者： A. Boscaro S. Jacquir K. Sanchez P. Perdu S. Binczak Le2i UMR CNRS 6306 Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté Dijon France Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse France Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales Direction des Lanceurs Paris ÃŽle-de-France FR Temasek Laboratories Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781509016495

For VLSI, internal electrical measurements are key steps to solve design debug issues and to perform failure analysis. Due to multiple metal layers, active areas of the chip are only accessible from the backside of the die. The ability of optical contactless techniques to operate through the silicon substrate and the few sample preparation required have widely contributed to promote them as unavoidable tools of the defect localization workflow. Timing issue or unusual consumption can be detected by static and dynamic photon emission analysis and Electro Optical Probing. The identification of the emission spots is an essential step of the process. Due to scaling, more and more emission nodes are located within the acquisition area so that large variations of emission intensity can exist and it is difficult to recover a signal with a good signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). In this paper, automated techniques are reported to locate spots in these complex areas and to recover electrical waveforms with a good SNR. We will underline the challenge and define applications boundaries of these techniques. These techniques gives some perspectives for probing applications and allows FA community to use signal processing methods instead of expensive devices.

关键词： Laser beams Photonics Wavelet transforms Very large scale integration image segmentation Failure analysis Integrated optics

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Real-time artefact filter for intraoperative thermographic imaging

Real-time artefact filter for intraoperative thermographic i...

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IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems (BIOCAS)

作者： Jens Müller Jan Müller Bill Thaute Ronald Tetzlaff Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Dresden

ISBN: (纸本)9781509029600

En route to an intraoperative imaging system for brain surgery, a thermographic camera associated with time-resolved data analysis is used for the identification of functional areas and the detection of brain tumours. In this contribution we propose a Cellular Nonlinear Network based image processing system supporting massively-parallel and real-time processing of thermographic video data. In the current setup the system is implemented on a Xilinx Zynq FPGA and is used for the preprocessing of the raw data. The development and implementation of a digital low-pass filter for the compensation of local motion artefacts will be demonstrated as a typical application example of the freely programmable system.

关键词： Imaging Real-time systems Hardware Computer architecture Algorithm design and analysis Field programmable gate arrays signal processing algorithms

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Approximate computing for unreliable silicon

Approximate computing for unreliable silicon

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International conference on design and Technology of Integrated Systems in Nanoscale Era (DTIS)

作者： Andreas Peter Burg Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Lausanne VD CH

Approximate Computing is frequently mentioned as a new computing paradigm that enables improving energy efficiency at the expense of quality. But what is Approximate Computing? How can it be used in a truly innovative way that goes beyond reducing precision or approximating complex operations or algorithms at the expense of accuracy as it is already done regularly in the VLSI signal processing community for implementing complex video, audio, or communication systems? In this talk, we focus on Approximate Computing as a new paradigm to deal specifically with one of the most important problems of the semiconductor industry today: the reliability issues and uncertainties in modern process technologies that appear especially at low voltages. We show how Approximate Computing can and should be interpreted as a systematic idea of dealing with these reliability issues that are statistical in nature and appear only at run-time. In this sense, the interpretation of the term is significantly different from the static design-time interpretation of the term used in the VLSI signal processing community. Approximations and corresponding circuits serve as a means to ensure graceful performance degradation at run-time in the presence of uncertainties or errors, rather than simply reducing complexity once at design time. This ability then allows not only for circuits with reduced area and better energy efficiency. It also enables better overall performance metrics since each chip delivers at every moment of its life the best possible (adjustable) energy and quality trade off with an energy-proportional behavior adjusted to its operating conditions and user demands.

关键词： Agriculture Cameras Reliability image color analysis Tools Computer science

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High-Performance FPGA Architecture for Multi-line Beamforming in Ultrasound Applications

High-Performance FPGA Architecture for Multi-line Beamformin...

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Euromicro Symposium on Digital System design

作者： Valentino Meacci Luca Bassi Stefano Ricci Enrico Boni Piero Tortoli Department of Information Engineering University of Florence Italy

Nowadays, several applications are requested to process huge amount of data with tight temporal constraints to produce "real time" results. This is the case of ultrasound (US) tomographic (B-mode) images used in diagnostics. A B-mode image is typically composed by many tens of vertical lines. Each line is calculated by the so-called beamformer (BF) that combines the echoes received from tens of small piezoelectric transducers integrated in the US probe. The BF processes massive quantity of data (several Gb/s) and is implemented in fast digital devices like the FPGAs. In the standard approach, the B-mode image is formed on a line-by-line basis, i.e. one line per pulse repetition interval (PRI). This limits the achievable image frame rate (IFR) to few tens of Hz, which is not suitable to detail fast, important phenomena like the heart valve movement. In the so-called plane-wave approach, the data needed to produce all of the B-mode image lines are acquired in a single PRI. In this case, the IFR can be in the order of kHz, but a more complex BF is needed. In this paper, we present a Multi-Line BF architecture, capable of real-time processing tens of lines per PRI. The BF was implemented in the research ultrasound system ULA-OP 256. A sample B-mode sequence obtained at IFR = 600Hz is presented.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Ultrasonic imaging Delays Probes Standards Array signal processing Transducers

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design of Data Transmission System for Speed Measurement Radar between ARM and FPGA Based on Embedded Linux

Design of Data Transmission System for Speed Measurement Rad...

引用

2016 IEEE International conference on signal and image processing

作者： Xinjing Ye Yafei Li Yingying Du Zhengyu Cai School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology

Based on embedded Linux system, data transmission system for weapon's exterior ballistic speed measurement radar is studied based on the ARM Cortex-A9, communication interface is designed based on ARM and FPGA, the specific hardware design and the character device driver design are proposed, using interrupts and DMA *** can be transferred high-speed and correctly, the test result shows that the system works stable and has a good real-time performance.

关键词： radar data transmission embedded Linux ARM FPGA driver

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Fast sparse 2-D DFT computation using sparse-graph alias codes

Fast sparse 2-D DFT computation using sparse-graph alias cod...

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International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Frank Ong Sameer Pawar Kannan Ramchandran Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley

ISBN: (纸本)9781479999897

We present a novel algorithm, named the 2D-FFAST (Two-dimensional Fast Fourier Aliasing-based Sparse Transform), to compute a sparse 2D-Discrete Fourier Transform (2D-DFT) featuring both low sample and computational complexity. The proposed algorithm is based on diverse concepts from signal processing (sub-sampling and aliasing), coding theory (sparse-graph codes) and number theory (Chinese-remainder-theorem) and generalizes the 1D-FFAST algorithm recently proposed by Pawar and Ramchandran to the 2D setting. Concretely, our proposed 2D-FFAST algorithm computes a k-sparse 2D-DFT, with a uniformly random support, of size N = N x × N y using O(k) noiseless spatial-domain measurements in O(k log k) computational time. Our results are attractive when the sparsity is sub-linear with respect to the signal dimension, that is, when k → ∞ and k/N → 0. For the case when the spatial-domain measurements are corrupted by additive noise, our 2D-FFAST framework extends to a noise-robust version of computing a 2D-DFT using O(k log 3 N) measurements in sub-linear time of O(k log 4 N). Empirically, we show that the 2D-FFAST can compute a k = 3509 sparse 2D-DFT of a 508 × 508-size phantom image using only 4.75k measurements. We also empirically evaluate the 2D-FFAST algorithm on a real-world magnetic resonance brain image using a total of 60.18% of Fourier measurements to provide an almost instant reconstruction with SNR=4.5 dB. This provides empirical evidence that the 2D-FFAST architecture is applicable to a wider class of input signals than analyzed theoretically in the paper.

关键词： Discrete Fourier transforms signal processing algorithms Algorithm design and analysis Computational complexity Computer architecture Delays Decoding

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VLSI design of 64bit × 64bit high performance multiplier with redundant binary encoding

VLSI design of 64bit × 64bit high performance multiplier wi...

引用

International conference on Advances in Computing, Communication, & Automation (ICACCA) (Fall)

作者： R. S. Keote P. T. Karule Department of Electronics Engg Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering Nagpur India

For multiplier dominated applications such as digital signal processing, wireless communications, and computer applications, high speed multiplier designs has always been a primary requisite. In this paper a high performance 64×64 bit redundant binary (RB) multiplier have been designed by using recently proposed redundant binary encoding approach to eliminate the error correcting word and a delay efficient parallel prefix Ling adder for final redundant binary to normal binary (RB-NB) conversion. Since redundant binary (RB) representation allows carry-free addition and adaptability, it has been used in 64×64 bit high-performance RB multiplier design for summation of partial product terms. The design of multiplier also reduces redundant partial product accumulation stage when eliminating the error correcting word which improves the complexity and the critical path delay. The performance of RB multiplier design compared with conventional RB modified booth encoding multiplier (CRBMBE). The comparison is based on synthesis result obtained by synthesizing both multiplier architectures targeting a Xilinx FPGA in terms of area and delay analysis.

关键词： Encoding Adders Niobium Generators Error correction Computer architecture Delays

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Object Recognition from Human Tactile image Using Artificial Neural Network

Object Recognition from Human Tactile Image Using Artificial...

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International conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology

作者： Somchai Pohtongkam Jakkree Srinonchat Signal Processing Research Laboratory Faculty of Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781467397506

This paper presents a recognition of images objects that are out of touch by capturing the texture of objects that existed in everyday life which sub-divided according to the different parts of the human hand palm. They are divided into sections based on the physiology of the human hand by dividing the exposure of 15,20 and 26 proportions and then analyzed. This work is the basis design of human-like hand for a robot to work effectively. These pictures of touch present the genuine sensory system of a human hand. They will be processed to characterize the touched object as the different area for the exposed surface of the object will create different for the palm's pressure. After that, we extract the features of the pressure from pressing the object and use an artificial neural network to distinguish different types of objects. The results of tests on 15 types of objects show the accurate result of the analysis of at the average maximum of 78.38% with the 26 proportions palm. This research will form the basis design of human-like hand for a robot that can recognize objects robot caught.

关键词： Human Palm Robot hand Hand Segmentation Tactile image ANN

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Automatic segmentation of the Epicardium and Endocardium using convolutional neural network

Automatic segmentation of the Epicardium and Endocardium usi...

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International conference on signal processing Proceedings (ICSP)

作者： Zhao Yue Wenqiang Li Jin Jing Jiang Yu Shen Yi Wang Yan School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang CN

Automatic segmentation of the Epicardium and Endocardium plays an important role in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia. Due to the speckle noise of ultrasound images and the complexity of cardiac tissue, the segmentation is still manual or semi-automatic. A fully automatic segmentation method based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed in this paper: localization segmentation method, which can obtain the position of the Epicardium and Endocardium based on the output of the network, then the segmentation is completed according to reprocessing based on the position. We concentrate the solutions of the following problems to supervised learning models: 1) the need of training images which have obvious features; 2) the design of network; 3) correlation between group images. The performance of our approach is evaluated using four different datasets containing 800 ultrasound images of Sprague-Dawley rats. The quality grades of the manual and automatic segmentation methods have been calculated, and the proportion of poor segmentation quality is decreased from 3.48% to 2.39%, which shows that our proposed method has improved segmentation accuracy and stability. The efficiency of our fully automatic segmentation method is higher than traditional segmentation strategies. The proposed method can optimize the clinical procedure and decrease the variability of manual segmentations.

关键词： image segmentation Training Convolution Mathematical model Morphology Myocardium Manuals

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