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共 11281 条记录，以下是221-230 订阅

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Sieve: Multimodal Dataset Pruning Using Image Captioning Models

Sieve: Multimodal Dataset Pruning Using Image Captioning Mod...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Mahmouc, Anas Elhoushi, Mostafa Abbass, Amro Yang, Yu Ardalani, Newsha Leather, Hugh Morcos, Art S. Meta FAIR Menlo Pk CA 94025 USA Univ Toronto Toronto ON Canada UC Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA DatologyAI Redwood City CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

vision-Language Models (VLMs) are pretrained on large, diverse, and noisy web-crawled datasets. This underscores the critical need for dataset pruning, as the quality of these datasets is strongly correlated with the performance of VLMs on downstream tasks. Using CLIPScore from a pretrained model to only train models using highly-aligned samples is one of the most successful methods for pruning. We argue that this approach suffers from multiple limitations including: false positives and negatives due to CLIP's pretraining on noisy labels. We propose a pruning signal, Sieve, that employs synthetic captions generated by image-captioning models pretrained on small, diverse, and well-aligned image-text pairs to evaluate the alignment of noisy image-text pairs. To bridge the gap between the limited diversity of generated captions and the high diversity of alternative text (alt-text), we estimate the semantic textual similarity in the embedding space of a language model pretrained on unlabeled text corpus. Using DataComp, a multimodal dataset filtering benchmark, when evaluating on 38 downstream tasks, our pruning approach, surpasses CLIPScore by 2.6% and 1.7% on medium and large scale respectively. In addition, on retrieval tasks, Sieve leads to a significant improvement of 2.7% and 4.5% on medium and large scale respectively.

关键词： data distillation pruning vision-language

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Finding Lottery Tickets in vision Models via Data-driven Spectral Foresight Pruning

Finding Lottery Tickets in Vision Models via Data-driven Spe...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Iurada, Leonardo Ciccone, Marco Tommasi, Tatiana Politecn Torino Turin Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Recent advances in neural network pruning have shown how it is possible to reduce the computational costs and memory demands of deep learning models before training. We focus on this framework and propose a new pruning at initialization algorithm that leverages the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) theory to align the training dynamics of the sparse network with that of the dense one. Specifically, we show how the usually neglected data-dependent component in the NTK's spectrum can be taken into account by providing an analytical upper bound to the NTK's trace obtained by decomposing neural networks into individual paths. This leads to our Path eXclusion (PX), a foresight pruning method designed to preserve the parameters that mostly influence the NTK's trace. PX is able to find lottery tickets (i.e. good paths) even at high sparsity levels and largely reduces the need for additional training. When applied to pre-trained models it extracts subnetworks directly usable for several downstream tasks, resulting in performance comparable to those of the dense counterpart but with substantial cost and computational savings. Code available at: https://***/iurada/px-ntk-pruning

关键词： Efficient computer vision Neural Network Pruning Neural Tangent Kernel Pruning-at-Initialization

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Hyper-MD: Mesh Denoising with Customized Parameters Aware of Noise Intensity and Geometric Characteristics

Hyper-MD: Mesh Denoising with Customized Parameters Aware of...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Wang, Xingtao Wei, Hongliang Fan, Xiaopeng Zhao, Debin Harbin Inst Technol Harbin Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

Mesh denoising (MD) is a critical task in geometry processing, as meshes from scanning or AIGC techniques are susceptible to noise contamination. The challenge of MD lies in the diverse nature of mesh facets in terms of geometric characteristics and noise distributions. Despite recent advancements in deep learning-based MD methods, existing MD networks typically neglect the consideration of geometric characteristics and noise distributions. In this paper, we propose Hyper-MD, a hyper-network-based approach that addresses this limitation by dynamically customizing denoising parameters for each facet based on its noise intensity and geometric characteristics. Specifically, HyperMD is composed of a hyper-network and an MD network. For each noisy facet, the hyper-network takes two angles as input to customize parameters for the MD network. These two angles are specially defined to reveal the noise intensity and geometric characteristics of the current facet, respectively. The MD network receives a facet patch as input, and outputs the denoised normal using the customized parameters. Experimental results on synthetic and real-scanned meshes demonstrate that Hyper-MD outperforms state-of-the-art mesh denoising methods.

关键词： computer graphics hyper-network Mesh denoising

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Towards Understanding and Improving Adversarial Robustness of vision Transformers

Towards Understanding and Improving Adversarial Robustness o...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Jain, Samyak Dutta, Tanima Indian Inst Technol BHU Varanasi Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Recent literature has demonstrated that vision transformers (VITs) exhibit superior performance compared to convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The majority of recent research on adversarial robustness, however, has predominantly focused on CNNs. In this work, we bridge this gap by analyzing the effectiveness of existing attacks on VITs. We demonstrate that due to the softmax computations in every attention block in VITs, they are inherently vulnerable to floating point underflow errors. This can lead to a gradient masking effect resulting in suboptimal attack strength of well-known attacks, like PGD, Carlini and Wagner (CW) and GAMA. Motivated by this, we propose Adaptive Attention Scaling (AAS) attack that can automatically find the optimal scaling factors of pre-softmax outputs using gradient-based optimization. We show that the proposed simple strategy can be incorporated with any existing adversarial attacks as well as adversarial training methods and achieved improved performance. On VIT-B16, we demonstrate an improved attack strength of upto 2.2% on CIFAR10 and upto 2.9% on CIFAR100 by incorporating the proposed AAS attack with state-of-the-art single attack methods like GAMA attack. Further, we utilise the proposed AAS attack for every few epochs in existing adversarial training methods, which is termed as Adaptive Attention Scaling Adversarial Training (AAS-AT). On incorporating AAS-AT with existing methods, we outperform them on VITs over 1.3-3.5% on CIFAR10. We observe improved performance on ImageNet-100 as well.

关键词： adversarial robustness vision Transformers

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Unified Language-driven Zero-shot Domain Adaptation

Unified Language-driven Zero-shot Domain Adaptation

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Yang, Senqiao Tian, Zhuotao Jiang, Li Jia, Jiaya Chinese Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Shenzhen Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Shenzhen Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

This paper introduces Unified Language-driven Zero-shot Domain Adaptation ( ULDA), a novel task setting that enables a single model to adapt to diverse target domains without explicit domain-ID knowledge. We identify the constraints in the existing language-driven zero-shot domain adaptation task, particularly the requirement for domain IDs and domain-specific models, which may restrict flexibility and scalability. To overcome these issues, we propose a new framework for ULDA, consisting of Hierarchical Context Alignment (HCA), Domain Consistent Representation Learning (DCRL), and Text-Driven Rectifier (TDR). These components work synergistically to align simulated features with target text across multiple visual levels, retain semantic correlations between different regional representations, and rectify biases between simulated and real target visual features, respectively. Our extensive empirical evaluations demonstrate that this framework achieves competitive performance in both settings, surpassing even the model that requires domain-ID, showcasing its superiority and generalization ability. The proposed method is not only effective but also maintains practicality and efficiency, as it does not introduce additional computational costs during inference. The code is available on the project website(1).

关键词： Domain Adaptation Segmentation vision-Language Model

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THRONE: An Object-based Hallucination Benchmark for the Free-form Generations of Large vision-Language Models

THRONE: An Object-based Hallucination Benchmark for the Free...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Kaul, Prannay Li, Zhizhong Yang, Hao Dukler, Yonatan Swaminathan, Ashwin Taylor, C. J. Soatto, Stefano Univ Oxford VGG Oxford England AWS AI Labs Oxford England

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Mitigating hallucinations in large vision-language models (LVLMs) remains an open problem. Recent benchmarks do not address hallucinations in open-ended free-form responses, which we term "Type I hallucinations". Instead, they focus on hallucinations responding to very specific question formats-typically a multiple-choice response regarding a particular object or attribute-which we term "Type II hallucinations". Additionally, such benchmarks often require external API calls to models which are subject to change. In practice, we observe that a reduction in Type II hallucinations does not lead to a reduction in Type I hallucinations but rather that the two forms of hallucinations are often anti-correlated. To address this, we pro-pose THRONE, a novel object-based automatic framework for quantitatively evaluating Type I hallucinations in LVLM free-form outputs. We use public language models (LMs) to identify hallucinations in LVLM responses and compute informative metrics. By evaluating a large selection of recent LVLMs using public datasets, we show that an improvement in existing metrics do not lead to a reduction in Type I hallucinations, and that established benchmarks for measuring Type I hallucinations are incomplete. Finally, we provide a simple and effective data augmentation method to reduce Type I and Type II hallucinations as a strong baseline.

关键词： benchmark hallucination large language model large vision-language model LLM LVLM

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On the Estimation of Image-matching Uncertainty in Visual Place recognition

On the Estimation of Image-matching Uncertainty in Visual Pl...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Zaffar, Mubariz Nan, Liangliang Kooij, Julian F. P. Delft Univ Technol ME Delft Netherlands Delft Univ Technol ABE Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

In Visual Place recognition (VPR) the pose of a query image is estimated by comparing the image to a map of reference images with known reference poses. As is typical for image retrieval problems, a feature extractor maps the query and reference images to a feature space, where a nearest neighbor search is then performed. However, till recently little attention has been given to quantifying the confidence that a retrieved reference image is a correct match. Highly certain but incorrect retrieval can lead to catastrophic failure of VPR-based localization pipelines. This work compares for the first time the main approaches for estimating the image-matching uncertainty, including the traditional retrieval-based uncertainty estimation, more recent data-driven aleatoric uncertainty estimation, and the compute-intensive geometric verification. We further formulate a simple baseline method, "SUE", which unlike the other methods considers the freely-available poses of the reference images in the map. Our experiments reveal that a simple L2-distance between the query and reference descriptors is already a better estimate of image-matching uncertainty than current data-driven approaches. SUE outperforms the other efficient uncertainty estimation methods, and its uncertainty estimates complement the computationally expensive geometric verification approach. Future works for uncertainty estimation in VPR should consider the baselines discussed in this work.

关键词： geometric verification image matching image retrieval uncertainty estimation visual place recognition

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Gradient Reweighting: Towards Imbalanced Class-Incremental Learning

Gradient Reweighting: Towards Imbalanced Class-Incremental L...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： He, Jiangpeng Purdue Univ Elmore Family Sch Elect & Comp Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) trains a model to continually recognize new classes from non-stationary data while retaining learned knowledge. A major challenge of CIL arises when applying to real-world data characterized by non-uniform distribution, which introduces a dual imbalance problem involving (i) disparities between stored exemplars of old tasks and new class data (inter-phase imbalance), and (ii) severe class imbalances within each individual task (intra-phase imbalance). We show that this dual imbalance issue causes skewed gradient updates with biased weights in FC layers, thus inducing over/under-fitting and catastrophic forgetting in CIL. Our method addresses it by reweighting the gradients towards balanced optimization and unbiased classifier learning. Additionally, we observe imbalanced forgetting where paradoxically the instance-rich classes suffer higher performance degradation during CIL due to a larger amount of training data becoming unavailable in subsequent learning phases. To tackle this, we further introduce a distribution-aware knowledge distillation loss to mitigate forgetting by aligning output logits proportionally with the distribution of lost training data. We validate our method on CIFAR-100, ImageNetSubset, and Food101 across various evaluation protocols and demonstrate consistent improvements compared to existing works, showing great potential to apply CIL in real-world scenarios with enhanced robustness and effectiveness.

关键词： computer vision continual learniing imbalanced gradient long-tailed learning

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YOLO-World: Real-Time Open-Vocabulary Object Detection

YOLO-World: Real-Time Open-Vocabulary Object Detection

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Cheng, Tianheng Sone, Lin Ge, Yixiao Liu, Wenyu Wang, Xinggang Shan, Yong Tencent AI Lab Shenzhen Guangdong Peoples R China Tencent PCG ARC Lab Shenzhen Guangdong Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch EIC Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

The You Only Look Once (YOLO) series of detectors have established themselves as efficient and practical tools. However, their reliance on predefined and trained object categories limits their applicability in open scenarios. Addressing this limitation, we introduce YOLO-World, an innovative approach that enhances YOLO with open-vocabulary detection capabilities through vision-language modeling and pre-training on large-scale datasets. Specifically, we propose a new Re-parameterizable vision-Language Path Aggregation Network (RepVL-PAN) and region-text contrastive loss to facilitate the interaction between visual and linguistic information. Our method excels in detecting a wide range of objects in a zero-shot manner with high efficiency. On the challenging LVIS dataset, YOLO- World achieves 35.4 AP with 52.0 FPS on V100, which outperforms many state-of-the-art methods in terms of both accuracy and speed. Furthermore, the fine-tuned YOLO-World achieves remarkable performance on several downstream tasks, including object detection and open-vocabulary instance segmentation. Code and models are available at: https://***/AILab-CVC/YOLO-World.

关键词： Object detection open-vocabulary object detection real-time object detection vision-language modeling vision-language pre-training YOLO

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On the test-time zero-shot generalization of vision-language models: Do we really need prompt learning?

On the test-time zero-shot generalization of vision-language...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Zanella, Maxime Ben Ayed, Ismail UCLouvain Louvain Belgium UMons Mons Belgium ETS Montreal Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

The development of large vision-language models, notably CLIP, has catalyzed research into effective adaptation techniques, with a particular focus on soft prompt tuning. Conjointly, test-time augmentation, which utilizes multiple augmented views of a single image to enhance zero-shot generalization, is emerging as a significant area of interest. This has predominantly directed research efforts toward test-time prompt tuning. In contrast, we introduce a robust MeanShift for Test-time Augmentation (MTA), which surpasses prompt-based methods without requiring this intensive training procedure. This positions MTA as an ideal solution for both standalone and API-based applications. Additionally, our method does not rely on ad hoc rules (e.g., confidence threshold) used in some previous test-time augmentation techniques to filter the augmented views. Instead, MTA incorporates a quality assessment variable for each view directly into its optimization process, termed as the inlierness score. This score is jointly optimized with a density mode seeking process, leading to an efficient training- and hyperparameter-free approach. We extensively benchmark our method on 15 datasets and demonstrate MTA's superiority and computational efficiency. Deployed easily as plug-and-play module on top of zero-shot models and state-of-the-art few-shot methods, MTA shows systematic and consistent improvements.

关键词： CLIP test-time augmentation training-free vision-language zero-shot

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