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OpenFed: A Comprehensive and Versatile Open-Source Federated Learning Framework

OpenFed: A Comprehensive and Versatile Open-Source Federated...

引用

2023 ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, cvprw 2023

作者： Chen, Dengsheng Tan, Vince Junkai Lu, Zhilin Wu, Enhua Hu, Jie Meituan China Bytedance Inc. China Tsinghua University China University of Macau China State Key Lab of Computer Science Iscas China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Recent developments in Artificial Intelligence techniques have enabled their successful application across a spectrum of commercial and industrial settings. However, these techniques require large volumes of data to be aggregated in a centralized manner, forestalling their applicability to scenarios wherein the data is sensitive or the cost of data transmission is prohibitive. Federated Learning alleviates these problems by decentralizing model training, thereby removing the need for data transfer and aggregation. To advance the adoption of Federated Learning, more research and development needs to be conducted to address some important open questions. In this work, we propose OpenFed, an open-source software framework for end-to-end Federated Learning. OpenFed reduces the barrier to entry for both researchers and downstream users of Federated Learning by the targeted removal of existing pain points. For researchers, OpenFed provides a framework wherein new methods can be easily implemented and fairly evaluated against an extensive suite of benchmarks. For downstream users, OpenFed allows Federated Learning to be plugged and play within different subject-matter contexts, removing the need for deep expertise in Federated Learning. The source code of OpenFed is publicly available online at https://***/FederalLab/OpenFed. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： Data transfer

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Towards Real-Time 4K Image Super-Resolution

Towards Real-Time 4K Image Super-Resolution

引用

2023 ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, cvprw 2023

作者： Zamfir, Eduard Conde, Marcos V. Timofte, Radu University of Würzburg Computer Vision Lab Caidas Ifi Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Over the past few years, high-definition videos and images in 720p (HD), 1080p (FHD), and 4K (UHD) resolution have become standard. While higher resolutions offer improved visual quality for users, they pose a significant challenge for super-resolution networks to achieve real-time performance on commercial GPUs. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of super-resolution model designs and techniques aimed at efficiently upscaling images from 720p and 1080p resolutions to 4K. We begin with a simple, effective baseline architecture and gradually modify its design by focusing on extracting important high-frequency details efficiently. This allows us to subsequently downscale the resolution of deep feature maps, reducing the overall computational footprint, while maintaining high reconstruction fidelity. We enhance our method by incorporating pixel-unshuffling, a simplified and speed-up reinterpretation of the basic block proposed by NAFNet, along with structural re-parameterization. We assess the performance of the fastest version of our method in the new NTIRE 2023 Real-Time 4K Super-Resolution challenge and demonstrate its potential in comparison with state-of-the-art efficient super-resolution models when scaled up. Our method was tested successfully on high-quality content from photography, digital art, and gaming content. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： Optical resolving power

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SEM-POS: Grammatically and Semantically Correct Video Captioning

SEM-POS: Grammatically and Semantically Correct Video Captio...

引用

2023 ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, cvprw 2023

作者： Nadeem, Asmar Hilton, Adrian Dawes, Robert Thomas, Graham Mustafa, Annin United Kingdom Bbc Research and Development United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Generating grammatically and semantically correct captions in video captioning is a challenging task.. The captions generated from the existing methods are either word-by-word that do not align with grammatical structure or miss key information from the input videos. To address these issues, we introduce a novel global-local fusion network, with a Global-Local Fusion Block (GLFB) that encodes and fuses features from different parts of speech (POS) components with visual-spatial features. We use novel combinations of different POS components - 'determinant + subject', 'auxiliary verb', 'verb', and 'determinant + object' for supervision of the POS blocks - Det + Subject, Aux Verb, Verb, and Det + Object respectively. The novel global-local fusion network together with POS blocks helps align the visual features with language description to generate grammatically and semantically correct captions. Extensive qualitative and quantitative experiments on benchmark MSVD and MSRVTT datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach generates more grammatically and semantically correct captions compared to the existing methods, achieving the new state-of-the-art. Ablations on the POS blocks and the GLFB demonstrate the impact of the contributions on the proposed method. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： computer vision

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Just a Glimpse: Rethinking Temporal Information for Video Continual Learning

Just a Glimpse: Rethinking Temporal Information for Video Co...

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2023 ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, cvprw 2023

作者： Alssum, Lama León Alcázar, Juan Ramazanova, Merey Zhao, Chen Ghanem, Bernard Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Class-incremental learning is one of the most important settings for the study of Continual Learning, as it closely resembles real-world application scenarios. With constrained memory sizes, catastrophic forgetting arises as the number of classes/tasks increases. Studying continual learning in the video domain poses even more challenges, as video data contains a large number of frames, which places a higher burden on the replay memory. The current common practice is to sub-sample frames from the video stream and store them in the replay memory. In this paper, we propose SMILE a novel replay mechanism for effective video continual learning based on individual/single frames. Through extensive experimentation, we show that under extreme memory constraints, video diversity plays a more significant role than temporal information. Therefore, our method focuses on learning from a small number of frames that represent a large number of unique videos. On three representative video datasets, Kinetics, UCF101, and ActivityNet, the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance, outperforming the previous state-of-the-art by up to 21.49%o. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： computer vision

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Deep Convolutional Sparse Coding Networks for Interpretable Image Fusion

Deep Convolutional Sparse Coding Networks for Interpretable ...

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2023 ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, cvprw 2023

作者： Zhao, Zixiang Zhang, Jiangshe Bai, Haowen Wang, Yicheng Cui, Yukun Deng, Lilun Sun, Kai Zhang, Chunxia Liu, Junmin Xu, Shuang Xi'an Jiaotong University China Eth Zurich Computer Vision Lab Switzerland Research and Development Institute Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen China Northwestern Polytechnical University China The University of Melbourne Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Image fusion is a significant problem in many fields including digital photography, computational imaging and remote sensing, to name but a few. Recently, deep learning has emerged as an important tool for image fusion. This paper presents CSCFuse, which contains three deep convolutional sparse coding (CSC) networks for three kinds of image fusion tasks (i.e., infrared and visible image fusion, multi-exposure image fusion, and multi-spectral image fusion). The CSC model and the iterative shrinkage and thresholding algorithm are generalized into dictionary convolution units. As a result, all hyper-parameters are learned from data. Our extensive experiments and comprehensive comparisons reveal the superiority of CSCF use with regard to quantitative evaluation and visual inspection. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： Image fusion

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MIPI 2023 Challenge on RGB+ToF Depth Completion: Methods and Results

MIPI 2023 Challenge on RGB+ToF Depth Completion: Methods and...

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2023 ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, cvprw 2023

作者： Zhu, Qingpeng Sun, Wenxiu Dai, Yuekun Li, Chongyi Zhou, Shangchen Feng, Ruicheng Sun, Qianhui Loy, Chen Change Gu, Jinwei Yu, Yi Huang, Yangke Zhang, Kang Chen, Meiya Wang, Yu Li, Yongchao Jiang, Hao Muduli, Amrit Kumar Kumar, Vikash Swami, Kunal Bajpai, Pankaj Kumar Ma, Yunchao Xiao, Jiaojun Ling, Zhi SenseTime Research and Tetras.AI Nanyang Technological University Singapore SenseBrain Mgtv China Xiaomi Inc. China Samsung R & D Institute India - Bangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Depth completion from RGB images and sparse Time-of-Flight (ToF) measurements is an important problem in computer vision and robotics. While traditional methods for depth completion have relied on stereo vision or structured light techniques, recent advances in deep learning have enabled more accurate and efficient completion of depth maps from RGB images and sparse ToF measurements. To evaluate the performance of different depth completion methods, we organized an RGB+sparse ToF depth completion competition. The competition aimed to encourage research in this area by providing a standardized dataset and evaluation metrics to compare the accuracy of different approaches. In this report, we present the results of the competition and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the top-performing methods. We also discuss the implications of our findings for future research in RGB+sparse ToF depth completion. We hope that this competition and report will help to advance the state-of-the-art in this important area of research. More details of this challenge and the link to the dataset can be found at https://***/MIPI2023/. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： Stereo vision

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Nighttime Smartphone Reflective Flare Removal Using Optical Center Symmetry Prior

Nighttime Smartphone Reflective Flare Removal Using Optical ...

引用

ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Dai, Yuekun Luo, Yihang Zhou, Shangchen Li, Chongyi Loy, Chen Change Nanyang Technol Univ S Lab Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

Reflective flare is a phenomenon that occurs when light reflects inside lenses, causing bright spots or a "ghosting effect" in photos, which can impact their quality. Eliminating reflective flare is highly desirable but challenging. Many existing methods rely on manually designed features to detect these bright spots, but they often fail to identify reflective flares created by various types of light and may even mistakenly remove the light sources in scenarios with multiple light sources. To address these challenges, we propose an optical center symmetry prior, which suggests that the reflective flare and light source are always symmetrical around the lens's optical center. This prior helps to locate the reflective flare's proposal region more accurately and can be applied to most smartphone cameras. Building on this prior, we create the first reflective flare removal dataset called BracketFlare, which contains diverse and realistic reflective flare patterns. We use continuous bracketing to capture the reflective flare pattern in the underexposed image and combine it with a normally exposed image to synthesize a pair of flare-corrupted and flare-free images. With the dataset, neural networks can be trained to remove the reflective flares effectively. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on both synthetic and real-world datasets.

关键词： Low-level vision

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Collecting Cross-Modal Presence-Absence Evidence for Weakly-Supervised Audio-Visual Event Perception

Collecting Cross-Modal Presence-Absence Evidence for Weakly-...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Gao, Junyu Chen, Mengyuan Xu, Changsheng Chinese Acad Sci CASIA Inst Automat State Key Lab Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Beijing Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Artificial Intelligence Beijing Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Shenzhen Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

With only video-level event labels, this paper targets at the task of weakly-supervised audio-visual event perception (WS-AVEP), which aims to temporally localize and categorize events belonging to each modality. Despite the recent progress, most existing approaches either ignore the unsynchronized property of audio-visual tracks or discount the complementary modality for explicit enhancement. We argue that, for an event residing in one modality, the modality itself should provide ample presence evidence of this event, while the other complementary modality is encouraged to afford the absence evidence as a reference signal. To this end, we propose to collect Cross-Modal Presence-Absence Evidence (CMPAE) in a unified framework. Specifically, by leveraging uni-modal and cross-modal representations, a presence-absence evidence collector (PAEC) is designed under Subjective Logic theory. To learn the evidence in a reliable range, we propose a joint-modal mutual learning (JML) process, which calibrates the evidence of diverse audible, visible, and audi-visible events adaptively and dynamically. Extensive experiments show that our method surpasses state-of-the-arts (e.g., absolute gains of 3.6% and 6.1% in terms of event-level visual and audio metrics). Code is available in ***/MengyuanChen21/CVPR2023-CMPAE.

关键词： 2023 ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

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Rip Current Segmentation: A Novel Benchmark and YOLOv8 Baseline Results

Rip Current Segmentation: A Novel Benchmark and YOLOv8 Basel...

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2023 ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, cvprw 2023

作者： Dumitriu, Andrei Tatui, Florin Miron, Florin Ionescu, Radu Tudor Timofte, Radu CAIDAS IFI University of Würzburg Computer Vision Lab Germany University of Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Rip currents are the leading cause of fatal accidents and injuries on many beaches worldwide, emphasizing the importance of automatically detecting these hazardous surface water currents. In this paper, we address a novel task: rip current instance segmentation. We introduce a comprehensive dataset containing 2,466 images with newly created polygonal annotations for instance segmentation, used for training and validation. Additionally, we present a novel dataset comprising 17 drone videos (comprising about 24K frames) captured at 30 FPS, annotated with both polygons for instance segmentation and bounding boxes for object detection, employed for testing purposes. We train various versions of YOLOv8 for instance segmentation on static images and assess their performance on the test dataset (videos). The best results were achieved by the YOLOv8-nano model (runnable on a portable device), with an mAP50 of 88.94% on the validation dataset and 81.21% macro average on the test dataset. The results provide a baseline for future research in rip current segmentation. Our work contributes to the existing literature by introducing a detailed, annotated dataset, and training a deep learning model for instance segmentation of rip currents. The code, training details and the annotated dataset are made publicly available at https://***/Irikos/rip-currents. © 2023 ieee.

关键词： Surface waters

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LANA: A Language-Capable Navigator for Instruction Following and Generation

LANA: A Language-Capable Navigator for Instruction Following...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Wang, Xiaohan Wang, Wenguan Shao, Jiayi Yang, Yi Zhejiang Univ CCAI Hangzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301298

Recently, visual-language navigation (VLN) - entailing robot agents to follow navigation instructions - has shown great advance. However, existing literature put most emphasis on interpreting instructions into actions, only delivering "dumb" wayfinding agents. In this article, we devise LANA, a language-capable navigation agent which is able to not only execute human-written navigation commands, but also provide route descriptions to humans. This is achieved by simultaneously learning instruction following and generation with only one single model. More specifically, two encoders, respectively for route and language encoding, are built and shared by two decoders, respectively for action prediction and instruction generation, so as to exploit cross-task knowledge and capture task-specific characteristics. Throughout pretraining and fine-tuning, both instruction following and generation are set as optimization objectives. We empirically verify that, compared with recent advanced task-specific solutions, LANA attains better performances on both instruction following and route description, with nearly half complexity. In addition, endowed with language generation capability, LANA can explain to human its behaviours and assist human's wayfinding. This work is expected to foster future efforts towards building more trustworthy and socially intelligent navigation robots.

关键词： Embodied vision: Active agents simulation

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