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TinyMIM: An Empirical Study of Distilling MIM Pre-trained Models

TinyMIM: An Empirical Study of Distilling MIM Pre-trained Mo...

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Sucheng Ren Fangyun Wei Zheng Zhang Han Hu Microsoft Research Asia

Masked image modeling (MIM) performs strongly in pretraining large vision Transformers (ViTs). However, small models that are critical for real-world applications can-not or only marginally benefit from this pre-training approach. In this paper, we explore distillation techniques to transfer the success of large MIM-based pre-trained models to smaller ones. We systematically study different options in the distillation framework, including distilling targets, losses, input, network regularization, sequential distillation, etc, revealing that: 1) Distilling token relations is more effective than CLS token- and feature-based distillation; 2) An intermediate layer of the teacher network as target perform better than that using the last layer when the depth of the student mismatches that of the teacher; 3) Weak regularization is preferred; etc. With these findings, we achieve significant fine-tuning accuracy improvements over the scratch MIM pre-training on imageNet-1K classification, using all the ViT-Tiny, ViT-Small, and ViT-base models, with +4.2%/+2.4%/+1.4% gains, respectively. Our TinyMIM model of base size achieves 52.2 mIoU in AE20K semantic segmentation, which is +4.1 higher than the MAE baseline. Our TinyMIM model of tiny size achieves 79.6% top-1 accuracy on imageNet-1K image classification, which sets a new record for small vision models of the same size and computation budget. This strong performance suggests an alternative way for developing small vision Transformer models, that is, by exploring better training methods rather than introducing inductive biases into architectures as in most previous works. Code is available at https://***/OliverRensu/TinyMIM.

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DeepVecFont-v2: Exploiting Transformers to Synthesize Vector Fonts with Higher Quality

DeepVecFont-v2: Exploiting Transformers to Synthesize Vector...

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yuqing Wang Yizhi Wang Longhui Yu Yuesheng Zhu Zhouhui Lian Wangxuan Institute of Computer Technology Peking University China School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University China

Vector font synthesis is a challenging and ongoing problem in the fields of computer vision and computer Graphics. The recently-proposed DeepVecFont [27] achieved state-of-the-art performance by exploiting information of both the image and sequence modalities of vector fonts. However, it has limited capability for handling long sequence data and heavily relies on an image-guided outline refinement post-processing. Thus, vector glyphs synthesized by DeepVecFont still often contain some distortions and artifacts and cannot rival human-designed results. To address the above problems, this paper proposes an enhanced version of DeepVecFont mainly by making the following three novel technical contributions. First, we adopt Transformers instead of RNNs to process sequential data and design a relaxation representation for vector outlines, markedly improving the model's capability and stability of synthesizing long and complex outlines. Second, we propose to sample auxiliary points in addition to control points to precisely align the generated and target Bézier curves or lines. Finally, to alleviate error accumulation in the sequential generation process, we develop a context-based self-refinement module based on another Transformer-based decoder to remove artifacts in the initially synthesized glyphs. Both qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively resolves those intrinsic problems of the original DeepVecFont and outperforms existing approaches in generating English and Chinese vector fonts with complicated structures and diverse styles.

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Learning on Gradients: Generalized Artifacts Representation for GAN-Generated images Detection

Learning on Gradients: Generalized Artifacts Representation ...

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Chuangchuang Tan Yao Zhao Shikui Wei Guanghua Gu Yunchao Wei Institute of Information Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Information Science and Network Technology School of Information Science and Engineering Yanshan University Hebei Key Laboratory of Information Transmission and Signal Processing

Recently, there has been a significant advancement in image generation technology, known as GAN. It can easily generate realistic fake images, leading to an increased risk of abuse. However, most image detectors suffer from sharp performance drops in unseen domains. The key of fake image detection is to develop a generalized representation to describe the artifacts produced by generation models. In this work, we introduce a novel detection framework, named Learning on Gradients (LGrad), designed for identifying GAN-generated images, with the aim of constructing a generalized detector with cross-model and cross-data. Specifically, a pretrained CNN model is employed as a transformation model to convert images into gradients. Subsequently, we leverage these gradients to present the generalized artifacts, which are fed into the classifier to ascertain the authenticity of the images. In our framework, we turn the data-dependent problem into a transformation-model-dependent problem. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to utilize gradients as the representation of artifacts in GAN-generated images. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of gradients as generalized artifact representations. Our detector achieves a new state-of-the-art performance with a remarkable gain of 11.4%. The code is released at https://***/chuangchuangtan/LGrad.

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Multi-View Body image-Based Prediction of Body Mass Index and Various Body Part Sizes

Multi-View Body Image-Based Prediction of Body Mass Index an...

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IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Seunghyun Kim Kunyoung Lee Eui Chul Lee Department of AI & Informatics Graduate School Sangmyung University Department of Computer Science Graduate School Sangmyung University Department of Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence Sangmyung University

This paper proposes a novel model for predicting body mass index and various body part sizes using front, side, and back body images. The model is trained on a large dataset of labeled images. The results show that the model can accurately predict body mass index and various body part sizes such as chest, waist, hip, thigh, forearm, and shoulder width. One significant advantage of the proposed model is that it can use multiple views of the body to achieve more accurate predictions, overcoming the limitations of models that only used a single image. The model also does not require complex pre-processing or feature extraction, making it straightforward to apply in practice. We also explore the impact of different environmental factors, such as clothing and posture, on the model's performance. The findings show that the model is relatively insensitive to posture but is more sensitive to clothing, emphasizing the importance of controlling for clothing when using this model. Overall, the proposed model represents a step forward in predicting body mass index and various body part sizes from images. The model's accuracy, convenience, and ability to use multiple views of the body make it a promising tool for a wide range of applications. The proposed method is expected to be utilized as a parameter for accurate sensing of various vision-based non-contact biomarkers, in addition to body mass index inference.

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Open-Vocabulary Point-Cloud Object Detection without 3D Annotation

Open-Vocabulary Point-Cloud Object Detection without 3D Anno...

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yuheng Lu Chenfeng Xu Xiaobao Wei Xiaodong Xie Masayoshi Tomizuka Kurt Keutzer Shanghang Zhang National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing School of Computer Science University of California Berkeley

The goal of open-vocabulary detection is to identify novel objects based on arbitrary textual descriptions. In this paper, we address open-vocabulary 3D point-cloud detection by a dividing-and-conquering strategy, which involves: 1) developing a point-cloud detector that can learn a general representation for localizing various objects, and 2) connecting textual and point-cloud representations to enable the detector to classify novel object categories based on text prompting. Specifically, we resort to rich image pretrained models, by which the point-cloud detector learns localizing objects under the supervision of predicted 2D bounding boxes from 2D pretrained detectors. Moreover, we propose a novel de-biased triplet cross-modal contrastive learning to connect the modalities of image, point-cloud and text, thereby enabling the point-cloud detector to benefit from vision-language pretrained models, i.e., CLIP. The novel use of image and vision-language pretrained models for point-cloud detectors allows for open-vocabulary 3D object detection without the need for 3D annotations. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method improves at least 3.03 points and 7.47 points over a wide range of baselines on the ScanNet and SUN RGB-D datasets, respectively. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive analysis to explain why our approach works. Code is available at https://***/lyhdet/OV-3DET

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Bidirectional Copy-Paste for Semi-Supervised Medical image Segmentation

Bidirectional Copy-Paste for Semi-Supervised Medical Image S...

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yunhao Bai Duowen Chen Qingli Li Wei Shen Yan Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing East China Normal University MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence AI Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University

In semi-supervised medical image segmentation, there exist empirical mismatch problems between labeled and un-labeled data distribution. The knowledge learned from the labeled data may be largely discarded if treating labeled and unlabeled data separately or in an inconsistent manner. We propose a straightforward method for alleviating the problem-copy-pasting labeled and unlabeled data bidirectionally, in a simple Mean Teacher architecture. The method encourages unlabeled data to learn comprehensive common semantics from the labeled data in both inward and outward directions. More importantly, the consistent learning procedure for labeled and unlabeled data can largely reduce the empirical distribution gap. In detail, we copy-paste a random crop from a labeled image (foreground) onto an unlabeled image (background) and an unlabeled image (foreground) onto a labeled image (background), respectively. The two mixed images are fed into a Student network and supervised by the mixed supervisory signals of pseudo-labels and ground-truth. We reveal that the simple mechanism of copy-pasting bidirectionally between labeled and unlabeled data is good enough and the experiments show solid gains (e.g., over 21% Dice improvement on ACDC dataset with 5% labeled data) compared with other state-of-the-arts on various semi-supervised medical image segmentation datasets. Code is avaiable at https://***/DeepMed-Lab-ECNU/BCP.

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Fast GraspNeXt: A Fast Self-Attention Neural Network Architecture for Multi-task Learning in computer vision Tasks for Robotic Grasping on the Edge

Fast GraspNeXt: A Fast Self-Attention Neural Network Archite...

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IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Alexander Wong Yifan Wu Saad Abbasi Saeejith Nair Yuhao Chen Mohammad Javad Shafiee Vision and Image Processing Research Group University of Waterloo Waterloo Artificial Intelligence Institute Waterloo ON DarwinAI Corp. Waterloo ON

Multi-task learning has shown considerable promise for improving the performance of deep learning-driven vision systems for the purpose of robotic grasping. However, high architectural and computational complexity can result in poor suitability for deployment on embedded devices that are typically leveraged in robotic arms for real-world manufacturing and warehouse environments. As such, the design of highly efficient multi-task deep neural network architectures tailored for computer vision tasks for robotic grasping on the edge is highly desired for widespread adoption in manufacturing environments. Motivated by this, we propose Fast GraspNeXt, a fast self-attention neural network architecture tailored for embedded multi-task learning in computer vision tasks for robotic grasping. To build Fast GraspNeXt, we leverage a generative network architecture search strategy with a set of architectural constraints customized to achieve a strong balance between multitask learning performance and embedded inference efficiency. Experimental results on the MetaGraspNet benchmark dataset show that the Fast GraspNeXt network design achieves the highest performance (average precision (AP), accuracy, and mean squared error (MSE)) across multiple computer vision tasks when compared to other efficient multi-task network architecture designs, while having only 17.8M parameters (about >5× smaller), 259 GFLOPs (as much as >5× lower) and as much as >3.15× faster on a NVIDIA Jetson TX2 embedded processor.

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ConZIC: Controllable Zero-shot image Captioning by Sampling-Based Polishing

ConZIC: Controllable Zero-shot Image Captioning by Sampling-...

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Zequn Zeng Hao Zhang Ruiying Lu Dongsheng Wang Bo Chen Zhengjue Wang National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian University Xi'an China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University Xi'an China

Zero-shot capability has been considered as a new revolution of deep learning, letting machines work on tasks without curated training data. As a good start and the only existing outcome of zero-shot image captioning (IC), ZeroCap abandons supervised training and sequentially searches every word in the caption using the knowledge of large-scale pre-trained models. Though effective, its autoregressive generation and gradient-directed searching mechanism limit the diversity of captions and inference speed, respectively. Moreover, ZeroCap does not consider the controllability issue of zero-shot IC. To move forward, we propose a framework for Controllable Zero-shot IC, named ConZIC. The core of ConZIC is a novel sampling-based non-autoregressive language model named Gibbs-BERT, which can generate and continuously polish every word. Extensive quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed ConZIC for both zero-shot IC and controllable zero-shot IC. Especially, ConZIC achieves about $5\times$ generation speed than ZeroCap, and about $1.5\times$ diversity scores, with accurate generation given different control signals. Our code is available at https://***/joeyz0z/ConZIC.

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NTIRE 2023 Quality Assessment of Video Enhancement Challenge

NTIRE 2023 Quality Assessment of Video Enhancement Challenge

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IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Xiaohong Liu Xiongkuo Min Wei Sun Yulun Zhang Kai Zhang Radu Timofte Guangtao Zhai Yixuan Gao Yuqin Cao Tengchuan Kou Yunlong Dong Ziheng Jia Yilin Li Kai Zhao Heng Cong Hang Shi Zhiliang Ma Mirko Agarla Zhiwei Huang Hongye Liu Ironhead Chuang Haotian Fan Shiqi Zhou Yu Lai Wenqi Wang Haoning Wu Chunzheng Zhu Shiling Zhao Hanene Brachemi Meftah Tengfei Shi Azadeh Mansouri

This paper reports on the NTIRE 2023 Quality Assessment of Video Enhancement Challenge, which will be held in conjunction with the New Trends in image Restoration and Enhancement Workshop (NTIRE) at CVPR 2023. This challenge is to address a major challenge in the field of video processing, namely, video quality assessment (VQA) for enhanced videos. The challenge uses the VQA Dataset for Perceptual Video Enhancement (VDPVE), which has a total of 1211 enhanced videos, including 600 videos with color, brightness, and contrast enhancements, 310 videos with deblurring, and 301 deshaked videos. The challenge has a total of 167 registered participants. 61 participating teams submitted their prediction results during the development phase, with a total of 3168 submissions. A total of 176 submissions were submitted by 37 participating teams during the final testing phase. Finally, 19 participating teams submitted their models and fact sheets, and detailed the methods they used. Some methods have achieved better results than baseline methods, and the winning methods have demonstrated superior prediction performance.

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Quantum-Inspired Spectral-Spatial Pyramid Network for Hyperspectral image Classification

Quantum-Inspired Spectral-Spatial Pyramid Network for Hypers...

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conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Jie Zhang Yongshan Zhang Yicong Zhou Department of Computer and Information Science University of Macau Macau China School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences Wuhan China

Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification aims at assigning a unique label for every pixel to identify categories of different land covers. Existing deep learning models for HSIs are usually performed in a traditional learning paradigm. Being emerging machines, quantum computers are limited in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. The quantum theory offers a new paradigm for designing deep learning models. Motivated by the quantum circuit (QC) model, we propose a quantum-inspired spectral-spatial network (QSSN) for HSI feature extraction. The proposed QSSN consists of a phase-prediction module (PPM) and a measurement-like fusion module (MFM) inspired from quantum theory to dynamically fuse spectral and spatial information. Specifically, QSSN uses a quantum representation to represent an HSI cuboid and extracts joint spectral-spatial features using MFM. An HSI cuboid and its phases predicted by PPM are used in the quantum representation. Using QSSN as the building block, we further propose an end-to-end quantum-inspired spectral-spatial pyramid network (QSSPN) for HSI feature extraction and classification. In this pyramid framework, QSSPN progressively learns feature representations by cascading QSSN blocks and performs classification with a softmax classifier. It is the first attempt to introduce quantum theory in HSI processing model design. Substantial experiments are conducted on three HSI datasets to verify the superiority of the proposed QSSPN framework over the state-of-the-art methods.

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