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Frame-Consistent Recurrent Video Deraining with Dual-Level Flow 32

Frame-Consistent Recurrent Video Deraining with Dual-Level F...

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32nd ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Yang, Wenhan Liu, Jiaying Feng, Jiashi Natl Univ Singapore Dept ECE Singapore 119077 Singapore Peking Univ Inst Comp Sci & Technol Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728132938

In this paper, we address the problem of rain removal from videos by proposing a more comprehensive framework that considers the additional degradation factors in real scenes neglected in previous works. The proposed framework is built upon a two-stage recurrent network with dual-level flow regularizations to perform the inverse recovery process of the rain synthesis model for video deraining. The rain free frame is estimated from the single rain frame at the first stage. It is then taken as guidance along with previously recovered clean frames to help obtain a more accurate clean frame at the second stage. This two-step architecture is capable of extracting more reliable motion information from the initially estimated rain free frame at the first stage for better frame alignment and motion modeling at the second stage. Furthermore, to keep the motion consistency between frames that facilitates a frame-consistent deraining model at the second stage, a dual-level flow based regularization is proposed at both coarse flow and fine pixel levels. To better train and evaluate the proposed video deraining network, a novel rain synthesis model is developed to produce more visually authentic paired training and evaluation videos. Extensive experiments on a series of synthetic and real videos verify not only the superiority of the proposed method over state-of-the-art but also the effectiveness of network design and its each component.

关键词： Computational Photography Low-level vision

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MovieChat: From Dense Token to Sparse Memory for Long Video Understanding

MovieChat: From Dense Token to Sparse Memory for Long Video ...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Song, Enxin Chai, Wenhao Wang, Guanhong Zhang, Yucheng Zhou, Haoyang Wu, Feiyang Chi, Haozhe Guo, Xun Ye, Tian Zhang, Yanting Lu, Yan Hwang, Jenq-Neng Wang, Gaoang Zhejiang Univ Hangzhou Peoples R China Univ Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA Microsoft Res Asia Florence Italy Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol GZ Hong Kong Peoples R China Donghua Univ Shanghai Peoples R China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Lab Shanghai Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Recently, integrating video foundation models and large language models to build a video understanding system can overcome the limitations of specific pre-defined vision tasks. Yet, existing systems can only handle videos with very few frames. For long videos, the computation complexity, memory cost, and long-term temporal connection impose additional challenges. Taking advantage of the Atkinson-Shiffrin memory model, with tokens in Transformers being employed as the carriers of memory in combination with our specially designed memory mechanism, we propose the MovieChat to overcome these challenges. MovieChat achieves state-of-the-art performance in long video understanding, along with the released MovieChat-1K bench-mark with 1K long video and 14K manual annotations for validation of the effectiveness of our method. The code, models and data can be found in https://***/MovieChat.

关键词： computer simulation languages

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OrphicX: A Causality-Inspired Latent Variable Model for Interpreting Graph Neural Networks

OrphicX: A Causality-Inspired Latent Variable Model for Inte...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Lin, Wanyu Lan, Hao Wang, Hao Li, Baochun Hong Kong Polytech Univ Hong Kong Peoples R China Univ Toronto Toronto ON Canada Rutgers State Univ New Brunswick NJ USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665469463

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469463

This paper proposes a new eXplanation framework, called OrphicX, for generating causal explanations for any graph neural networks (GNNs) based on learned latent causal factors. Specifically, we construct a distinct generative model and design an objective function that encourages the generative model to produce causal, compact, and faithful explanations. This is achieved by isolating the causal factors in the latent space of graphs by maximizing the information flow measurements. We theoretically analyze the cause-effect relationships in the proposed causal graph, identify node attributes as confounders between graphs and GNN predictions, and circumvent such confounder effect by leveraging the backdoor adjustment formula. Our framework is compatible with any GNNs, and it does not require access to the process by which the target GNN produces its predictions. In addition, it does not rely on the linearindependence assumption of the explained features, nor require prior knowledge on the graph learning tasks. We show a proof-of-concept of OrphicX on canonical classification problems on graph data. In particular, we analyze the explanatory subgraphs obtained from explanations for molecular graphs (i.e., Mutag) and quantitatively evaluate the explanation performance with frequently occurring subgraph patterns. Empirically, we show that OrphicX can effectively identify the causal semantics for generating causal explanations, significantly outperforming its alternatives1.

关键词： Visualization Privacy computer vision Statistical analysis Semantics Training data Medical services

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Weak-to-Strong 3D Object Detection with X-Ray Distillation

Weak-to-Strong 3D Object Detection with X-Ray Distillation

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Gambashidze, Alexander Dadukin, Aleksandr Golyadkin, Maxim Razzhivina, Maria Makarov, Ilya Artificial Intelligence Res Inst Barcelona Spain HSE Univ Moscow Russia ISP RAS Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

This paper addresses the critical challenges of sparsity and occlusion in LiDAR-based 3D object detection. Current methods often rely on supplementary modules or specific architectural designs, potentially limiting their applicability to new and evolving architectures. To our knowledge, we are the first to propose a versatile technique that seamlessly integrates into any existing framework for 3D Object Detection, marking the first instance of Weak-to-Strong generalization in 3D computer vision. We introduce a novel framework, X-Ray Distillation with Object-Complete Frames, suitable for both supervised and semi-supervised settings, that leverages the temporal aspect of point cloud sequences. This method extracts crucial information from both previous and subsequent LiDAR frames, creating Object-Complete frames that represent objects from multiple viewpoints, thus addressing occlusion and sparsity. Given the limitation of not being able to generate Object-Complete frames during online inference, we utilize Knowledge Distillation within a Teacher-Student framework. This technique encourages the strong Student model to emulate the behavior of the weaker Teacher, which processes simple and informative Object-Complete frames, effectively offering a comprehensive view of objects as if seen through X-ray vision. Our proposed methods surpass state-of-the-art in semi-supervised learning by 1-1.5 mAP and enhance the performance of five established supervised models by 1-2 mAP on standard autonomous driving datasets, even with default hyperparameters. Code for Object-Complete frames is available here: https://***/sakharok13/X-Ray-TeacherPatching-Tools.

关键词： 3D detection autonomous driving computer vision

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Partial Class Activation Attention for Semantic Segmentation

Partial Class Activation Attention for Semantic Segmentation

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Liu, Sun-Ao Xie, Hongtao Xu, Hai Zhang, Yongdong Tian, Qi Univ Sci & Technol China Hefei Peoples R China Huawei Cloud & AI Shenzhen Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781665469463

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469463

Current attention-based methods for semantic segmentation mainly model pixel relation through pairwise affinity and coarse segmentation. For the first time, this paper explores modeling pixel relation via Class Activation Map (CAM). Beyond the previous CAM generated from image-level classification, we present Partial CAM, which sub-divides the task into region-level prediction and achieves better localization performance. In order to eliminate the intra-class inconsistency caused by the variances of local context, we further propose Partial Class Activation Attention (PCAA) that simultaneously utilizes local and global class-level representations for attention calculation. Once obtained the partial CAM, PCAA collects local class centers and computes pixel-to-class relation locally. Applying local-specific representations ensures reliable results under different local contexts. To guarantee global consistency, we gather global representations from all local class centers and conduct feature aggregation. Experimental results confirm that Partial CAM outperforms the previous two strategies as pixel relation. Notably, our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on several challenging benchmarks including Cityscapes, Pascal Context, and ADE20K. Code is available at https://***/lsa1997/PCAA.

关键词： Location awareness Image segmentation computer vision Codes Semantics Benchmark testing pattern recognition

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CityDreamer: Compositional Generative Model of Unbounded 3D Cities

CityDreamer: Compositional Generative Model of Unbounded 3D ...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Xie, Haozhe Chen, Zhaoxi Hong, Fangzhou Liu, Ziwei Nanyang Technol Univ S Lab Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

3D city generation is a desirable yet challenging task, since humans are more sensitive to structural distortions in urban environments. Additionally, generating 3D cities is more complex than 3D natural scenes since buildings, as objects of the same class, exhibit a wider range of appearances compared to the relatively consistent appearance of objects like trees in natural scenes. To address these challenges, we propose CityDreamer, a compositional generative model designed specifically for unbounded 3D cities. Our key insight is that 3D city generation should be a composition of different types of neural fields: 1) various building instances, and 2) background stuff, such as roads and green lands. Specifically, we adopt the bird's eye view scene representation and employ a volumetric render for both instance-oriented and stuff-oriented neural fields. The generative hash grid and periodic positional embedding are tailored as scene parameterization to suit the distinct characteristics of building instances and background stuff. Furthermore, we contribute a suite of CityGen Datasets, including OSM and GoogleEarth, which comprises a vast amount of real-world city imagery to enhance the realism of the generated 3D cities both in their layouts and appearances. CityDreamer achieves state-of-the-art performance not only in generating realistic 3D cities but also in localized editing within the generated cities.

关键词： 3D vision AIGC City Generation Scene Generation

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Hard Mixtures of Experts for Large ScaleWeakly Supervised vision 30

Hard Mixtures of Experts for Large ScaleWeakly Supervised Vi...

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30th ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Gross, Sam Ranzato, Marc'Aurelio Szlam, Arthur Facebook AI Res Menlo Pk CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538604571

Training convolutional networks (CNN's) that fit on a single GPU with minibatch stochastic gradient descent has become effective in practice. However, there is still no effective method for training large CNN's that do not fit in the memory of a few GPU cards, or for parallelizing CNN training. In this work we show that a simple hard mixture of experts model can be efficiently trained to good effect on large scale hashtag (multilabel) prediction tasks. Mixture of experts models are not new [7, 3], but in the past, researchers have had to devise sophisticated methods to deal with data fragmentation. We show empirically that modern weakly supervised data sets are large enough to support naive partitioning schemes where each data point is assigned to a single expert. Because the experts are independent, training them in parallel is easy, and evaluation is cheap for the size of the model. Furthermore, we show that we can use a single decoding layer for all the experts, allowing a unified feature embedding space. We demonstrate that it is feasible (and in fact relatively painless) to train far larger models than could be practically trained with standard CNN architectures, and that the extra capacity can be well used on current datasets.

关键词： Professional personnel model size Dataset Functional training GRAPPER PICK UP Graphics Processing Unit expert model

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Learning Pixel-Level Distinctions for Video Highlight Detection

Learning Pixel-Level Distinctions for Video Highlight Detect...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Wei, Fanyue Wang, Biao Ge, Tiezheng Jiang, Yuning Li, Wen Duan, Lixin UESTC Sch Comp Sci & Engn Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China UESTC Shenzhen Inst Adv Study Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China Alibaba Grp Hangzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781665469463

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469463

The goal of video highlight detection is to select the most attractive segments from a long video to depict the most interesting parts of the video. Existing methods typically focus on modeling relationship between different video segments in order to learning a model that can assign highlight scores to these segments;however, these approaches do not explicitly consider the contextual dependency within individual segments. To this end, we propose to learn pixel-level distinctions to improve the video highlight detection. This pixel-level distinction indicates whether or not each pixel in one video belongs to an interesting section. The advantages of modeling such fine-level distinctions are two-fold. First, it allows us to exploit the temporal and spatial relations of the content in one video, since the distinction of a pixel in one frame is highly dependent on both the content before this frame and the content around this pixel in this frame. Second, learning the pixel-level distinction also gives a good explanation to the video highlight task regarding what contents in a highlight segment will be attractive to people. We design an encoder-decoder network to estimate the pixel-level distinction, in which we leverage the 3D convolutional neural networks to exploit the temporal context information, and further take advantage of the visual saliency to model the spatial distinction. State-of-the-art performance on three public benchmarks clearly validates the effectiveness of our framework for video highlight detection.

关键词： Visualization Solid modeling computer vision Three-dimensional displays Computational modeling Benchmark testing pattern recognition

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Pre-trained Model Guided Fine-Tuning for Zero-Shot Adversarial Robustness

Pre-trained Model Guided Fine-Tuning for Zero-Shot Adversari...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Wang, Sibo Zhang, Jie Yuan, Zheng Shan, Shiguang Chinese Acad Sci Inst Comp Technol Beijing Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Large-scale pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP have demonstrated impressive performance across various tasks, and exhibit remarkable zero-shot generalization capability, while they are also vulnerable to imperceptible adversarial examples. Existing works typically employ adversarial training (fine-tuning) as a defense method against adversarial examples. However, direct application to the CLIP model may result in overfitting, compromising the model's capacity for generalization. In this paper, we propose Pre-trained Model Guided Adversarial Fine-Tuning (PMG-AFT) method, which leverages supervision from the original pre-trained model by carefully designing an auxiliary branch, to enhance the model's zero-shot adversarial robustness. Specifically, PMG-AFT minimizes the distance between the features of adversarial examples in the target model and those in the pre-trained model, aiming to preserve the generalization features already captured by the pre-trained model. Extensive Experiments on 15 zero-shot datasets demonstrate that PMG-AFT significantly outper-forms the state-of-the-art method, improving the top-1 robust accuracy by an average of 4.99%. Furthermore, our approach consistently improves clean accuracy by an aver-age of 8.72%. Our code is available at here.(1)

关键词： Adversarial Robustness Large-scale vision-language models Zero-Shot

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Scribbler: Controlling Deep Image Synthesis with Sketch and Color 30

Scribbler: Controlling Deep Image Synthesis with Sketch and ...

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30th ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Sangkloy, Patsorn Lu, Jingwan Fang, Chen Yu, Fisher Hays, James Georgia Inst Technol Atlanta GA 30332 USA Adobe Res San Jose CA USA Princeton Univ Princeton NJ 08544 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538604571

Several recent works have used deep convolutional networks to generate realistic imagery. These methods sidestep the traditional computer graphics rendering pipeline and instead generate imagery at the pixel level by learning from large collections of photos (e.g. faces or bedrooms). However, these methods are of limited utility because it is difficult for a user to control what the network produces. In this paper, we propose a deep adversarial image synthesis architecture that is conditioned on sketched boundaries and sparse color strokes to generate realistic cars, bedrooms, or faces. We demonstrate a sketch based image synthesis system which allows users to 'scribble' over the sketch to indicate preferred color for objects. Our network can then generate convincing images that satisfy both the color and the sketch constraints of user. The network is feed-forward which allows users to see the effect of their edits in real time. We compare to recent work on sketch to image synthesis and show that our approach can generate more realistic, more diverse, and more controllable outputs. The architecture is also effective at user-guided colorization of grayscale images.

关键词： conferences computer vision pattern recognition Image synthesis images computer vision Sketches pattern recognition Consumers Color grayscale images Imagery (Psychotherapy) bedrooms FEEDFORWARD

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