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检索条件"任意字段=2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2023"

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SSN: Learning Sparse Switchable Normalization via SparsestMax 32

SSN: Learning Sparse Switchable Normalization via SparsestMa...

引用

32nd ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Shao, Wenqi Meng, Tianjian Li, Jingyu Zhang, Ruimao Li, Yudian Wang, Xiaogang Luo, Ping Chinese Univ Hong Kong CHUK SenseTime Joint Lab Hong Kong Peoples R China SenseTime Res Hong Kong Peoples R China Univ Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781728132938

Normalization methods improve both optimization and generalization of ConvNets. To further boost performance, the recently-proposed switchable normalization (SN) provides a new perspective for deep learning: it learns to select different normalizers for different convolution layers of a ConvNet. However, SN uses softmax function to learn importance ratios to combine normalizers, leading to redundant computations compared to a single normalizer. This work addresses this issue by presenting Sparse Switchable Normalization (SSN) where the importance ratios are constrained to be sparse. Unlike l(1) and l(0) constraints that impose difficulties in optimization, we turn this constrained optimization problem into feed-forward computation by proposing SparsestMax, which is a sparse version of softmax. SSN has several appealing properties. (1) It inherits all benefits from SN such as applicability in various tasks and robustness to a wide range of batch sizes. (2) It is guaranteed to select only one normalizer for each normalization layer, avoiding redundant computations. (3) SSN can be transferred to various tasks in an end-to-end manner. Extensive experiments show that SSN outperforms its counterparts on various challenging benchmarks such as ImageNet, Cityscapes, ADE20K, and Kinetics.

关键词： Action recognition Categorization Deep Learning Optimization Methods recognition: Detection Retrieval vision

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Temporal Driver Action Localization using Action Classification Methods

Temporal Driver Action Localization using Action Classificat...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Alyahya, Munirah Alghannam, Shahad Alhussan, Taghreed Saudi Technol & Secur Comprehens Control Co Riyadh Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Driver distraction recognition is an essential computer vision task that can play a key role in increasing traffic safety and reducing traffic accidents. In this paper, we propose a temporal driver action localization (TDAL) framework for classifying driver distraction actions, as well as identifying the start and end time of a given driver action. The TDAL framework consists of three stages: preprocessing, 'which takes untrimmed video as input and generates multiple clips;action classification, which classifies the clips;and finally, the classifier output is sent to the temporal action localization to generate the start and end times of the distracted actions. The proposed framework achieves an F1 score of 27.06% on Track 3A2 dataset of NVIDIA AI City 2022 Challenge. The findings show that the TDAL framework contributes to fine-grained driver distraction recognition and paves the way for the development of smart and safe transportation. Code will be available soon.

关键词： Location awareness computer vision Urban areas Data preprocessing Transportation Classification algorithms Safety

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Rethinking Architecture Design for Tackling Data Heterogeneity in Federated Learning

Rethinking Architecture Design for Tackling Data Heterogenei...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Qu, Liangqiong Zhou, Yuyin Liang, Paul Pu Xia, Yingda Wang, Feifei Adeli, Ehsan Li Fei-Fei Rubin, Daniel Stanford Univ Stanford CA 94305 USA UC Santa Cruz La Jolla CA USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Johns Hopkins Univ Baltimore MD 21218 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665469463

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469463

Federated learning is an emerging research paradigm enabling collaborative training of machine learning models among different organizations while keeping data private at each institution. Despite recent progress, there remain fundamental challenges such as the lack of convergence and the potential for catastrophic forgetting across real-world heterogeneous devices. In this paper, we demonstrate that self-attention-based architectures (e.g., Transformers) are more robust to distribution shifts and hence improve federated learning over heterogeneous data. Concretely, we conduct the first rigorous empirical investigation of different neural architectures across a range of federated algorithms, real-world benchmarks, and heterogeneous data splits. Our experiments show that simply replacing convolutional networks with Transformers can greatly reduce catastrophic forgetting of previous devices, accelerate convergence, and reach a better global model, especially when dealing with heterogeneous data. We release our code and pretrained models to encourage future exploration in robust architectures as an alternative to current research efforts on the optimization front.

关键词： Training Federated learning computer architecture Organizations Transformers Data models Robustness

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Category-Aware Transformer Network for Better Human-Object Interaction Detection

Category-Aware Transformer Network for Better Human-Object I...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Dong, Leizhen Li, Zhimin Xu, Kunlun Zhang, Zhijun Yan, Luxin Zhong, Sheng Zou, Xu Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Artificial Intelligence & Automat Natl Key Lab Sci & Technol Multispectral Informat Wuhan Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781665469463

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469463

Human-Object Interactions (HOI) detection, which aims to localize a human and a relevant object while recognizing their interaction, is crucial for understanding a still image. Recently, tranformer-based models have significantly advanced the progress of HOI detection. However, the capability of these models has not been fully explored since the Object Query of the model is always simply initialized as just zeros, which would affect the performance. In this paper, we try to study the issue of promoting transformer-based HOI detectors by initializing the Object Query with category-aware semantic information. To this end, we innovatively propose the Category-Aware Transformer Network (CATN). Specifically, the Object Query would be initialized via category priors represented by an external object detection model to yield a better performance. Moreover, such category priors can be further used for enhancing the representation ability of features via the attention mechanism. We have firstly verified our idea via the Oracle experiment by initializing the Object Query with the groundtruth category information. And then extensive experiments have been conducted to show that a HOI detection model equipped with our idea outperforms the baseline by a large margin to achieve a new state-of-the-art result.

关键词： computer vision Head Image recognition Semantics Object detection Detectors Performance gain

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Robust and Accurate Superquadric Recovery: a Probabilistic Approach

Robust and Accurate Superquadric Recovery: a Probabilistic A...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Liu, Weixiao Wu, Yuwei Ruan, Sipu Chirikjian, Gregory S. Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore Johns Hopkins Univ Baltimore MD 21218 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665469463

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469463

Interpreting objects with basic geometric primitives has long been studied in computer vision. Among geometric primitives, superquadrics are well known for their ability to represent a wide range of shapes with few parameters. However, as the first and foremost step, recovering superquadrics accurately and robustly from 3D data still remains challenging. The existing methods are subject to local optima and sensitive to noise and outliers in real-world scenarios, resulting in frequent failure in capturing geometric shapes. In this paper, we propose the first probabilistic method to recover superquadrics from point clouds. Our method builds a Gaussian-uniform mixture model (GUM) on the parametric surface of a superquadric, which explicitly models the generation of outliers and noise. The superquadric recovery is formulated as a Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) problem. We propose an algorithm, Expectation, Maximization, and Switching (EMS), to solve this problem, where: (1) outliers are predicted from the posterior perspective;(2) the superquadric parameter is optimized by the trust-region reflective algorithm;and (3) local optima are avoided by globally searching and switching among parameters encoding similar superquadrics. We show that our method can be extended to the multi-superquadrics recovery for complex objects. The proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and robustness on both synthetic and real world datasets. The code is at http://***/bmlklwx/EMS-superquadric_***.

关键词： Point cloud compression Maximum likelihood estimation computer vision Three-dimensional displays Shape Switches Probabilistic logic

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Segment Any Event Streams via Weighted Adaptation of Pivotal Tokens

Segment Any Event Streams via Weighted Adaptation of Pivotal...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Chen, Zhiwen Zhu, Zhiyu Zhang, Yifan Hou, Junhui Shi, Guangming Wu, Jinjian Xidian Univ Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Pazhou Lab Guangzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

In this paper, we delve into the nuanced challenge of tailoring the Segment Anything Models (SAMs) for integration with event data, with the overarching objective of attaining robust and universal object segmentation within the event-centric domain. One pivotal issue at the heart of this endeavor is the precise alignment and calibration of embeddings derived from event-centric data such that they harmoniously coincide with those originating from RGB imagery. Capitalizing on the vast repositories of datasets with paired events and RGB images, our proposition is to harness and extrapolate the profound knowledge encapsulated within the pretrained SAM framework. As a cornerstone to achieving this, we introduce a multi-scale feature distillation methodology. This methodology rigorously optimizes the alignment of token embeddings originating from event data with their RGB image counterparts, thereby preserving and enhancing the robustness of the overall architecture. Considering the distinct significance that token embeddings from intermediate layers hold for higher-level embeddings, our strategy is centered on accurately calibrating the pivotal token embeddings. This targeted calibration is aimed at effectively managing the discrepancies in high-level embeddings originating from both the event and image domains. Extensive experiments on different datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed distillation method. Code in https://***/happychenpipi/EventSAM.

关键词： cross-modal knowledge distillation event-based vision segmentation

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DarkLight Networks for Action recognition in the Dark

DarkLight Networks for Action Recognition in the Dark

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Chen, Rui Chen, Jiajun Liang, Zixi Gao, Huaien Lin, Shan Guangzhou Xi Ma Informat Technol Co 101 Waihuan Xi Rd Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665448994

Human action recognition in the dark is a significant task with various applications, e.g., night surveillance and self-driving at night. However, the lack of video datasets for human actions in the dark hinders its development. Recently, a public dataset ARID has been introduced to stimulate progress for the task of human action recognition in dark videos. Currently, there are multiple models that perform well for action recognition in videos shot under normal illumination. However, research shows that these methods may not be effective in recognizing actions in dark videos. In this paper, we construct a novel neural network architecture: DarkLight Networks, which involves (i) a dual-pathway structure where both dark videos and its brightened counterpart are utilized for effective video representation;and (ii) a self-attention mechanism, which fuses and extracts corresponding and complementary features from the two pathways. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art results on ARID.

关键词： computer vision Fuses Surveillance conferences Neural networks Lighting Feature extraction

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Explaining CLIP's performance disparities on data from blind/low vision users

Explaining CLIP's performance disparities on data from blind...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Massiceti, Daniela Longden, Camilla Slowik, Agnieszka Wills, Samuel Grayson, Martin Morrison, Cecily Microsoft Res Redmond WA 98052 USA World Bank 1818 H St NW Washington DC 20433 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Large multi-modal models (LMMs) hold the potential to usher in a new era of automated visual assistance for people who are blind or low vision (BLV). Yet, these models have not been systematically evaluated on data captured by BLV users. We address this by empirically assessing CLIP, a widely-used LMM likely to underpin many assistive technologies. Testing 25 CLIP variants in a zero-shot classification task, we find that their accuracy is 15 percentage points lower on average for images captured by BLV users than web-crawled images. This disparity stems from CLIP's sensitivities to 1) image content (e.g. not recognizing disability objects as well as other objects);2) image quality (e.g. not being robust to lighting variation);and 3) text content (e.g. not recognizing objects described by tactile adjectives as well as visual ones). We delve deeper with a textual analysis of three common pre-training datasets: LAION-400M, LAION-2B and DataComp-1B, showing that disability content is rarely mentioned. We then provide three examples that illustrate how the performance disparities extend to three downstream models underpinned by CLIP: OWL-ViT, CLIPSeg and DALL-E2. We find that few-shot learning with as few as 5 images can mitigate CLIP's quality-of-service disparities for BLV users in some scenarios, which we discuss alongside a set of other possible mitigations.

关键词： accessibility blind CLIP fairness low vision multi-modal vision-language zero-shot classification

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Templates for 3D Object Pose Estimation Revisited: Generalization to New Objects and Robustness to Occlusions

Templates for 3D Object Pose Estimation Revisited: Generaliz...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Van Nguyen Nguyen Hu, Yinlin Xiao, Yang Salzmann, Mathieu Lepetit, Vincent Univ Gustave Eiffel Ecole Ponts LIGM CNRS Champs Sur Marne France Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne CVLab Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (数字)9781665469463

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469463

We present a method that can recognize new objects and estimate their 3D pose in RGB images even under partial occlusions. Our method requires neither a training phase on these objects nor real images depicting them, only their CAD models. It relies on a small set of training objects to learn local object representations, which allow us to locally match the input image to a set of "templates", rendered images of the CAD models for the new objects. In contrast with the state-of-the-art methods, the new objects on which our method is applied can be very different from the training objects. As a result, we are the first to show generalization without retraining on the LINEMOD and Occlusion-LINEMOD datasets. Our analysis of the failure modes of previous template-based approaches further confirms the benefits of local features for template matching. We outperform the state-of-the-art template matching methods on the LINEMOD, Occlusion-LINEMOD and T-LESS datasets. Our source code and data are publicly available at https://***/nv-nguyen/template-pose.

关键词： Training Solid modeling computer vision Three-dimensional displays Image recognition Impedance matching Pose estimation

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TransNeXt: Robust Foveal Visual Perception for vision Transformers

TransNeXt: Robust Foveal Visual Perception for Vision Transf...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Shi, Dai

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Due to the depth degradation effect in residual connections, many efficient vision Transformers models that rely on stacking layers for information exchange often fail to form sufficient information mixing, leading to unnatural visual perception. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose Aggregated Attention, a biomimetic design-based token mixer that simulates biological foveal vision and continuous eye movement while enabling each token on the feature map to have a global perception. Furthermore, we incorporate learnable tokens that interact with conventional queries and keys, which further diversifies the generation of affinity matrices beyond merely relying on the similarity between queries and keys. Our approach does not rely on stacking for information exchange, thus effectively avoiding depth degradation and achieving natural visual perception. Additionally, we propose Convolutional GLU, a channel mixer that bridges the gap between GLU and SE mechanism, which empowers each token to have channel attention based on its nearest neighbor image features, enhancing local modeling capability and model robustness. We combine aggregated attention and convolutional GLU to create a new visual backbone called TransNeXt. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our TransNeXt achieves state-of-the-art performance across multiple model sizes. At a resolution of 224(2), TransNeXt-Tiny attains an ImageNet accuracy of 84.0%, surpassing ConvNeXt-B with 69% fewer parameters. Our TransNeXt-Base achieves an ImageNet accuracy of 86.2% and an ImageNet-A accuracy of 61.6% at a resolution of 384(2), a COCO object detection mAP of 57.1, and an ADE20K semantic segmentation mIoU of 54.7.

关键词： Aggregated Attention Biomimetic vision Design Convolutional GLU Efficient Transformer Foveal Visual Perception Image Classification Image Segmentation ImageNet-1K ImageNet-Adversarial Large-Kernel Convolution Length-Scaled Cosine Attention Multi-Scale Extrapolation Object Detection Perceptual Artifacts Pixel-focused Attention Robustness Self-Attention vision Transformer Visual Backbone

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