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检索条件"任意字段=2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2023"

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Is Synthetic Data all We Need? Benchmarking the Robustness of Models Trained with Synthetic Images

Is Synthetic Data all We Need? Benchmarking the Robustness o...

引用

ieee computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Krishnakant Singh Thanush Navaratnam Jannik Holmer Simone Schaub-Meyer Stefan Roth Department of Computer Science TU Darmstadt Hessian.AI

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

A long-standing challenge in developing machine learning approaches has been the lack of high-quality labeled data. Recently, models trained with purely synthetic data, here termed synthetic clones, generated using large-scale pre-trained diffusion models have shown promising results in overcoming this annotation bottleneck. As these synthetic clone models progress, they are likely to be deployed in challenging real-world settings, yet their suitability remains understudied. Our work addresses this gap by providing the first benchmark for three classes of synthetic clone models, namely supervised, self-supervised, and multi-modal ones, across a range of robustness measures. We show that existing synthetic self-supervised and multi-modal clones are comparable to or outperform state-of-the-art real-image baselines for a range of robustness metrics – shape bias, background bias, calibration, etc. However, we also find that synthetic clones are much more susceptible to adversarial and real-world noise than models trained with real data. To address this, we find that combining both real and synthetic data further increases the robustness, and that the choice of prompt used for generating synthetic images plays an important part in the robustness of synthetic clones.

关键词： Measurement Analytical models Shape Noise Cloning Benchmark testing Robustness

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Continual Diffusion with STAMINA: STack-And-Mask INcremental Adapters

Continual Diffusion with STAMINA: STack-And-Mask INcremental...

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ieee computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： James Seale Smith Yen-Chang Hsu Zsolt Kira Yilin Shen Hongxia Jin Samsung Research America Georgia Institute of Technology

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Recent work has demonstrated a remarkable ability to customize text-to-image diffusion models to multiple, fine-grained concepts in a sequential (i.e., continual) manner while only providing a few example images for each concept. This setting is known as continual diffusion. Here, we ask the question: Can we scale these methods to longer concept sequences without forgetting? Although prior work mitigates the forgetting of previously learned concepts, we show that its capacity to learn new tasks reaches saturation over longer sequences. We address this challenge by introducing a novel method, STack-And-Mask INcremental Adapters (STAMINA), which is composed of low-ranked attention-masked adapters and customized MLP tokens. STAMINA is designed to enhance the robust fine-tuning properties of LoRA for sequential concept learning via learnable hard-attention masks parameterized with low rank MLPs, enabling precise, scalable learning via sparse adaptation. Notably, all introduced trainable parameters can be folded back into the model after training, inducing no additional inference parameter costs. We show that STAMINA outperforms the prior SOTA for the setting of text-to-image continual customization on a 50-concept benchmark composed of landmarks and human faces, with no stored replay data. Additionally, we extended our method to the setting of continual learning for image classification, demonstrating that our gains also translate to state-of-the-art performance in this standard benchmark.

关键词： Training Continuing education Costs Text to image Benchmark testing Diffusion models pattern recognition

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Classification of 2D Ultrasound Breast Cancer Images with Deep Learning

Classification of 2D Ultrasound Breast Cancer Images with De...

引用

ieee computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Jack Ellis Kofi Appiah Emmanuel Amankwaa-Frempong Sze Chai Kwok Department of Computer Science University of York York UK Sweden-Ghana Medical Center Accra Ghana Division of Natural & Applied Sciences Duke Kunshan University China Affiliated Mental Health Center School of Psychology & Cognitive Sci. ECNU China Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Breast cancer is the second most prevalent form of cancer and is the “leading cause of most cancer-related deaths in women”. Most women living in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) have limited access to the existing poor health systems, restricted access to treatment facilities, and in general lack of breast cancer screening programmes. The likelihood of women living in LMIC attending a health facility with advanced-stage breast cancer is very high and the chances of them being able to afford treatment at that stage, even if the treatment is available, is very low. In this work, we evaluate the capabilities of deep learning as a classification tool with the aim of detecting cancerous ultrasound breast images. We aim to deploy a simple classifier on a mobile device with an inexpensive handheld ultrasound imaging system to pick up breast cancer cases that will need medical attention. We demonstrate in this work that with minimal ultrasound images, a de novo system trained from scratch can achieve accuracy of close to 64% and about 78% when the same model is pre-trained.

关键词： Deep learning Ultrasonic imaging Accuracy Computational modeling Transfer learning Breast cancer Mobile handsets

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Fourier Prior-Based Two-Stage Architecture for Image Restoration

Fourier Prior-Based Two-Stage Architecture for Image Restora...

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ieee computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Hemkant Nehete Amit Monga Partha Kaushik Brajesh Kumar Kaushik Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

This work presents a novel two stage architecture designed to enhance degraded images affected by environmental factors such as haze, blur, fog, and rain. Despite the dominance of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers in single image restoration tasks, existing methods neglect the intrinsic priors for physical properties of degradation. To enhance the generalization ability of image restoration models, we propose Fourier prior based on a key observation that substituting the Fourier amplitude of degraded images with that of clean images effectively mitigates degradation. Therefore, amplitude contains degradation information, while the phase retains background structures. Consequently, a two-stage model is proposed, that consists of Amplitude Refinement Unit (ARU) and the Phase Refinement Unit (PRU), that separately restore both amplitude and phase information, respectively. ARU and PRU leverage a CNN-Transformer-based architecture to extract local and global features, overcoming computational constraints posed by large image sizes in Transformers. Additionally, a multi-scale approach in ARU refines amplitude features at coarse and fine levels, improving restoration efficiency. Experimental results across multiple image restoration tasks, like image deraining, dehazing, and low-light enhancement, indicate that the proposed architecture improved the performance in terms of PSNR, SSIM, and computational efficiency compared to state-of-the-art Transformer approaches.

关键词： Degradation Rain Computational modeling Frequency-domain analysis computer architecture Transformers Feature extraction

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Enhancing Traffic Safety with Parallel Dense Video Captioning for End-to-End Event Analysis

Enhancing Traffic Safety with Parallel Dense Video Captionin...

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ieee computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Maged Shoman Dongdong Wang Armstrong Aboah Mohamed Abdel-Aty Department of Civil Environmental and Construction Engineering Smart and Safe Transportation (SST) Lab University of Central Florida United States Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University United States Department of Civil Environmental and Construction Engineering Joint Appointment Department of Computer Science Smart and Safe Transportation (SST) Lab University of Central Florida United States

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

This paper introduces our solution for Track 2 in AI City Challenge 2024. The task aims to solve traffic safety description and analysis with the dataset of Woven Traffic Safety (WTS), a real-world Pedestrian-Centric Traffic Video Dataset for Fine-grained Spatial-Temporal Understanding. Our solution mainly focuses on the following points: 1) To solve dense video captioning, we leverage the framework of dense video captioning with parallel decoding (PDVC) to model visual-language sequences and generate dense caption by chapters for video. 2) Our work leverages CLIP to extract visual features to more efficiently perform cross-modality training between visual and textual representations. 3) We conduct domain-specific model adaptation to mitigate domain shift problem that poses recognition challenge in video understanding. 4) Moreover, we leverage BDD-5K captioned videos to conduct knowledge transfer for better understanding WTS videos and more accurate captioning. Our solution has yielded on the test set, achieving 6th place in the competition. The open-source code will be available at https://***/UCF-SST-Lab/AICity2024cvprw

关键词： Training Visualization Adaptation models Urban areas Feature extraction Weaving Tokenization

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Unified Physical-Digital Attack Detection Challenge

Unified Physical-Digital Attack Detection Challenge

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ieee computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Haocheng Yuan Ajian Liu Junze Zheng Jun Wan Jiankang Deng Sergio Escalera Hugo Jair Escalante Isabelle Guyon Zhen Lei M.U.S.T MAIS CASIA China SAI UCAS China ICL UK CVC Spain INAOE CINVESTAV Mexico ChaLearn USA CAIR HKISI CAS

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) is crucial to safeguard Face recognition (FR) Systems. In real-world scenarios, FRs are confronted with both physical and digital attacks. However, existing algorithms often address only one type of attack at a time, which poses significant limitations in real-world scenarios where FR systems face hybrid physical-digital threats. To facilitate the research of Unified Attack Detection (UAD) algorithms, a large-scale UniAttackData dataset has been collected. UniAttackData is the largest public dataset for Unified Attack Detection, with a total of 28,706 videos, where each unique identity encompasses all advanced attack types. Based on this dataset, we organized a Unified Physical-Digital Face Attack Detection Challenge to boost the research in Unified Attack Detections. It attracted 136 teams for the development phase, with 13 qualifying for the final round. The results re-verified by the organizing team were used for the final ranking. This paper comprehensively reviews the challenge, detailing the dataset introduction, protocol definition, evaluation criteria, and a summary of published results. Finally, we focus on the detailed analysis of the highest-performing algorithms and offer potential directions for unified physical-digital attack detection inspired by this competition. Challenge Website: https://***/view/face-anti-spoofing-challenge/welcome/challengecvpr2024

关键词： Measurement computer vision Protocols Codes Reviews Face recognition conferences

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A Method of Moments Embedding Constraint and its Application to Semi-Supervised Learning

A Method of Moments Embedding Constraint and its Application...

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ieee computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Michael Majurski Sumeet Menon Parniyan Farvardin David Chapman Information Technology Lab NIST University of Maryland University of Maryland University of Miami

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Discriminative deep learning models with a linear+softmax final layer have a problem: the latent space only predicts the conditional probabilities p(Y |X) but not the full joint distribution p(Y,X), which necessitates a generative approach. The conditional probability cannot detect outliers, causing outlier sensitivity in softmax networks. This exacerbates model over-confidence impacting many problems, such as hallucinations, confounding biases, and dependence on large datasets. To address this we introduce a novel embedding constraint based on the Method of Moments (MoM). We investigate the use of polynomial moments ranging from 1st through 4th order hyper-covariance matrices. Furthermore, we use this embedding constraint to train an Axis-Aligned Gaussian Mixture Model (AAGMM) final layer, which learns not only the conditional, but also the joint distribution of the latent space. We apply this method to the domain of semi-supervised image classification by extending FlexMatch with our technique. We find our MoM constraint with the AAGMM layer is able to match the reported FlexMatch accuracy, while also modeling the joint distribution, thereby reducing outlier sensitivity. We also present a preliminary outlier detection strategy based on Mahalanobis distance and discuss future improvements to this strategy. Code is available at: https://***/mmajurski/ssl-gmm

关键词： Deep learning Sensitivity Semisupervised learning Predictive models Polynomials Distance measurement pattern recognition

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Multi-View Spatial-Temporal Learning for Understanding Unusual Behaviors in Untrimmed Naturalistic Driving Videos

Multi-View Spatial-Temporal Learning for Understanding Unusu...

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ieee computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Huy-Hung Nguyen Chi Dai Tran Long Hoang Pham Duong Nguyen-Ngoc Tran Tai Huu-Phuong Tran Duong Khac Vu Quoc Pham-Nam Ho Ngoc Doan-Minh Huynh Hyung-Min Jeon Hyung-Joon Jeon Jae Wook Jeon Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

The task of Naturalistic Driving Action recognition aims to detect and temporally localize distracting driving behavior in untrimmed videos. In this paper, we introduce our framework for Track 3 of the 8 th AI City Challenge in 2024. The approach is primarily based on large model fine-tuning and ensemble techniques to train a set of action recognition models on a small-scale dataset. Starting with raw videos, we segment them into individual action sequences based on their annotation. We then fine-tune four different action recognition models, with K-fold cross-validation applied to the segmented data. Following this, we execute a multi-view ensemble, selecting the most visible camera views for each action class to generate clip-level classification results for each video. Finally, a multi-step post-processing algorithm, which is designed for the AI City Challenge dataset’s specific features, is employed to perform temporal action localization and produce temporal segments for the actions. Our solution achieves a final mOS score of 0.7798 and attains the 5 th rank on the public leaderboard for the test set A2 of the challenge. The source code will be publicly available at https://***/SKKUAutoLab/AIC24-Track03.

关键词： Location awareness Source coding Urban areas X3D Prediction algorithms Classification algorithms pattern recognition

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A Multimodal Approach Integrating Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks for Alzheimer’s Disease Temporal Progression Prediction

A Multimodal Approach Integrating Convolutional and Recurren...

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ieee computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Durga Supriya HL Swetha Mary Thomas Sowmya Kamath S National Institute of Technology Karnataka India Mangalore Karnataka India Dept. of Information Technology Healthcare Analytics and Language Engineering (HALE) Lab National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangaluru India

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) poses a substantial healthcare challenge marked by cognitive decline and a lack of definitive treatments. As the global population ages, the prevalence of AD escalates, underscoring the need for more advanced diagnostic techniques. Current single-modality methods have limitations, emphasizing the critical need for early detection and precise diagnosis to facilitate timely interventions and the development of effective therapies. We propose a novel multimodal medical diagnostic framework for AD employing a hybrid deep learning model. This framework integrates a 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to extract detailed intra-slice features from MRI volumes and a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network to capture intricate inter-sequence patterns indicative of AD progression. By leveraging longitudinal MRI data alongside spatial, temporal, biomarkers, and cognitive scores, our framework significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy, particularly in the early stages of the disease. We incorporate Grad-CAM to enhance the interpretability of MRI-based diagnoses by highlighting relevant brain regions. This multimodal approach achieves a promising accuracy of 92.65%, outperforming state-of-the-art works by a margin of 6%.

关键词： Accuracy Three-dimensional displays Recurrent neural networks Magnetic resonance imaging Feature extraction Spatial databases pattern recognition

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Deepfake Catcher: Can a Simple Fusion be Effective and Outperform Complex DNNs?

Deepfake Catcher: Can a Simple Fusion be Effective and Outpe...

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ieee computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Akshay Agarwal Nalini Ratha IISER Bhopal India University at Buffalo USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Despite having completely different configurations, deep learning architectures learn a specific set of features that are common across architectures. For example, the initial few layers learn the low-level edge features from the images. Based on this fact, in this research, we have showcased the potential of deep neural network fusion for simple and effective deepfake detection. The advantage of building an architecture in such a manner is to build a low-power-consuming and accurate defense that can be deployed on mobile devices. To utilize the pre-trained knowledge and obtain downstream task-specific knowledge, we have identified a breakpoint in different networks and divided the obtained knowledge of a network into fixed and adaptive information. We have kept the fixed knowledge intact while modifying the adaptive knowledge along with entirely new knowledge for the deepfake detection task. In the end, the decision of multiple deep architectures trained based on their breakpoint are combined for improved performance. Extensive comparisons performed with existing state-of-the-art architectures demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed deepfake detection algorithm. The proposed algorithm not only surpasses the existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) algorithms but also needs low computational power. We have further challenged the proposed algorithm by evaluating it by collecting real-world deepfake images.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Image quality Deepfakes Social networking (online) Architecture Deep architecture computer architecture

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