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UniRepLKNet: A Universal Perception Large-Kernel ConvNet for Audio, Video, Point Cloud, Time-Series and Image recognition

UniRepLKNet: A Universal Perception Large-Kernel ConvNet for...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Ding, Xiaohan Zhang, Yiyuan Ge, Yixiao Zhao, Sijie Song, Lin Yue, Xiangyu Shan, Ying Tencent AI Lab Shenzhen Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

Large-kernel convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) have recently received extensive research attention, but two unresolved and critical issues demand further investigation. 1) The architectures of existing large-kernel ConvNets largely follow the design principles of conventional ConvNets or transformers, while the architectural design for large-kernel ConvNets remains under-addressed. 2) As transformers have dominated multiple modalities, it remains to be investigated whether ConvNets also have a strong universal perception ability in domains beyond vision. In this paper, we contribute from two aspects. 1) We propose four architectural guidelines for designing large-kernel ConvNets, the core of which is to exploit the essential characteristics of large kernels that distinguish them from small kernels - they can see wide without going deep. Following such guidelines, our proposed large-kernel ConvNet shows leading performance in image recognition (ImageNet accuracy of 88.0%, ADE20K mIoU of 55.6%, and COCO box AP of 56.4%), demonstrating better performance and higher speed than the recent powerful competitors. 2) We discover large kernels are the key to unlocking the exceptional performance of ConvNets in domains where they were originally not proficient. With certain modality-related pre-processing approaches, the proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance on time-series forecasting and audio recognition tasks even without modality-specific customization to the architecture. All the code and models are publicly available on GitHub and Huggingface.

关键词： Large-Kernel ConvNets Multimodal Learning Network Architecture

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Not All Prompts Are Secure: A Switchable Backdoor Attack Against Pre-trained vision Transfomers

Not All Prompts Are Secure: A Switchable Backdoor Attack Aga...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Yang, Sheng Bai, Jiawang Gao, Kuofeng Yang, Yong Li, Yiming Xia, Shu-Tao Tsinghua Univ Beijing Peoples R China Tencent Secur Platform Dept Shenzhen Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Hangzhou Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Given the power of vision transformers, a new learning paradigm, pretraining and then prompting, makes it more efficient and effective to address downstream visual recognition tasks. In this paper, we identify a novel security threat towards such a paradigm from the perspective of backdoor attacks. Specifically, an extra prompt token, called the switch token in this work, can turn the backdoor mode on, i.e., converting a benign model into a backdoored one. Once under the backdoor mode, a specific trigger can force the model to predict a target class. It poses a severe risk to the users of cloud API, since the malicious behavior can not be activated and detected under the benign mode, thus making the attack very stealthy. To attack a pretrained model, our proposed attack, named SWARM, learns a trigger and prompt tokens including a switch token. They are optimized with the clean loss which encourages the model always behaves normally even the trigger presents, and the backdoor loss that ensures the backdoor can be activated by the trigger when the switch is on. Besides, we utilize the crossmode feature distillation to reduce the effect of the switch token on clean samples. The experiments on diverse visual recognition tasks confirm the success of our switchable backdoor attack, i.e., achieving 95%+ attack success rate, and also being hard to be detected and removed. Our code is available at https://***/20000yshust/SWARM.

关键词： Backdoor computer vision Parameter-Efficient Fine Tuning Switchable vision Transformers Visual Prompting

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HomoFormer: Homogenized Transformer for Image Shadow Removal

HomoFormer: Homogenized Transformer for Image Shadow Removal

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Xiao, Jie Fu, Xueyang Zhu, Yurui Li, Dong Huang, Jie Zhu, Kai Zha, Zheng-Jun Univ Sci & Technol China Hefei Peoples R China Alibaba Grp Hangzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

The spatial non-uniformity and diverse patterns of shadow degradation conflict with the weight sharing manner of dominant models, which may lead to an unsatisfactory compromise. To tackle with this issue, we present a novel strategy from the view of shadow transformation in this paper: directly homogenizing the spatial distribution of shadow degradation. Our key design is the random shuffle operation and its corresponding inverse operation. Specifically, random shuffle operation stochastically rear-ranges the pixels across spatial space and the inverse operation recovers the original order. After randomly shuffling, the shadow diffuses in the whole image and the degradation appears in a homogenized way, which can be effectively processed by the local self-attention layer. Moreover, we further devise a new feed forward network with position modeling to exploit image structural information. Based on these elements, we construct the final local window based transformer named HomoFormer for image shadow removal. Our HomoFormer can enjoy the linear complexity of local transformers while bypassing challenges of non-uniformity and diversity of shadow. Extensive experiments are conducted to verify the superiority of our HomoFormer across public datasets. Code is available at https://***/jiexiaou/HomoFormer.

关键词： Image Restoration Image Shadow Removal vision Transformer

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Summarize the Past to Predict the Future: Natural Language Descriptions of Context Boost Multimodal Object Interaction Anticipation

Summarize the Past to Predict the Future: Natural Language D...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Pasca, Razvan-George Gavryushin, Alexey Hamza, Muhammad Kuo, Yen-Ling Mo, Kaichun Van Gool, Luc Hilliges, Otmar Wang, Xi Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich Switzerland Univ Zurich Zurich Switzerland Univ Virginia Charlottesville VA USA NVIDIA Santa Clara CA USA Katholieke Univ Leuven Leuven Belgium INSAIT Sofia Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

We study object interaction anticipation in egocentric videos. This task requires an understanding of the spatio-temporal context formed by past actions on objects, coined action context. We propose TransFusion, a multimodal transformer-based architecture for short-term object interaction anticipation. Our method exploits the representational power of language by summarizing the action context textually, after leveraging pre-trained vision-language foundation models to extract the action context from past video frames. The summarized action context and the last observed video frame are processed by the multimodal fusion module to forecast the next object interaction. Experiments on the Ego4D next active object interaction dataset show the effectiveness of our multimodal fusion model and highlight the benefits of using the power of foundation models and language-based context summaries in a task where vision may appear to suffice. Our novel approach outperforms all state-of-the-art methods on both versions of the Ego4D dataset. A project video and code are available at https://***/transfusion-proj/.

关键词： computer vision Egocentric vision Human Behavior Prediction Multimodal Learning Object Interaction Anticipation vision-Language Models

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The Audio-Visual Conversational Graph: From an Egocentric-Exocentric Perspective

The Audio-Visual Conversational Graph: From an Egocentric-Ex...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Jia, Wenqi Liu, Miao Jiang, Hao Ananthabhotla, Ishwarya Rehg, James M. Ithapu, Vamsi Krishna Gao, Ruohan Georgia Tech Atlanta GA 30332 USA Meta Real Labs Menlo Pk CA 94025 USA UIUC Champaign IL USA Meta GenAI Menlo Pk CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

In recent years, the thriving development of research related to egocentric videos has provided a unique perspective for the study of conversational interactions, where both visual and audio signals play a crucial role. While most prior work focus on learning about behaviors that directly involve the camera wearer, we introduce the Ego-Exocentric Conversational Graph Prediction problem, marking the first attempt to infer exocentric conversational interactions from egocentric videos. We propose a unified multi-modal framework-Audio-Visual Conversational Attention (AV-CONV), for the joint prediction of conversation behaviors-speaking and listening-for both the camera wearer as well as all other social partners present in the egocentric video. Specifically, we adopt the self-attention mechanism to model the representations across-time, across-subjects, and across-modalities. To validate our method, we conduct experiments on a challenging egocentric video dataset that includes multi-speaker and multi-conversation scenarios. Our results demonstrate the superior performance of our method compared to a series of baselines. We also present detailed ablation studies to assess the contribution of each component in our model. Check our Project Page.

关键词： egocentric vision Multi-modal learning social ai

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Retrieval-Augmented Open-Vocabulary Object Detection

Retrieval-Augmented Open-Vocabulary Object Detection

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Kim, Jooyeon Cho, Eulrang Kim, Sehyung Kim, Hyunwoo J. Korea Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Seoul South Korea Samsung Res Mountain View CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Open-vocabulary object detection (OVD) has been studied with vision-Language Models (VLMs) to detect novel objects beyond the pre-trained categories. Previous approaches improve the generalization ability to expand the knowledge of the detector, using 'positive' pseudo-labels with additional 'class' names, e.g., sock, iPod, and alligator. To extend the previous methods in two aspects, we propose Retrieval-Augmented Losses and visual Features ( RALF). Our method retrieves related 'negative' classes and augments loss functions. Also, visual features are augmented with 'verbalized concepts' of classes, e.g., worn on the feet, handheld music player, and sharp teeth. Specifically, RALF consists of two modules: Retrieval Aug-mented Losses ( RAL) and Retrieval-Augmented visual Features (RAF). RAL constitutes two losses reflecting the semantic similarity with negative vocabularies. In addition, RAF augments visual features with the verbalized concepts from a large language model (LLM). Our experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of RALF on COCO and LVIS benchmark datasets. We achieve improvement up to 3.4 box APN on novel categories of the COCO dataset and 3.6 mask APr gains on the LVIS dataset. Code is available at https://***/mlvlab/RALF.

关键词： computer vision Object Detection Open-Vocabulary Object Detection Retrieval-Augmentation

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Segment Any Event Streams via Weighted Adaptation of Pivotal Tokens

Segment Any Event Streams via Weighted Adaptation of Pivotal...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Chen, Zhiwen Zhu, Zhiyu Zhang, Yifan Hou, Junhui Shi, Guangming Wu, Jinjian Xidian Univ Xian Shaanxi Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Pazhou Lab Guangzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

In this paper, we delve into the nuanced challenge of tailoring the Segment Anything Models (SAMs) for integration with event data, with the overarching objective of attaining robust and universal object segmentation within the event-centric domain. One pivotal issue at the heart of this endeavor is the precise alignment and calibration of embeddings derived from event-centric data such that they harmoniously coincide with those originating from RGB imagery. Capitalizing on the vast repositories of datasets with paired events and RGB images, our proposition is to harness and extrapolate the profound knowledge encapsulated within the pretrained SAM framework. As a cornerstone to achieving this, we introduce a multi-scale feature distillation methodology. This methodology rigorously optimizes the alignment of token embeddings originating from event data with their RGB image counterparts, thereby preserving and enhancing the robustness of the overall architecture. Considering the distinct significance that token embeddings from intermediate layers hold for higher-level embeddings, our strategy is centered on accurately calibrating the pivotal token embeddings. This targeted calibration is aimed at effectively managing the discrepancies in high-level embeddings originating from both the event and image domains. Extensive experiments on different datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed distillation method. Code in https://***/happychenpipi/EventSAM.

关键词： cross-modal knowledge distillation event-based vision segmentation

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A General Framework for Jersey Number recognition in Sports Video

A General Framework for Jersey Number Recognition in Sports ...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Koshkina, Maria Elder, James H. York Univ Toronto ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365474

Jersey number recognition is an important task in sports video analysis, partly due to its importance for long-term player tracking. It can be viewed as a variant of scene text recognition. However, there is a lack of published attempts to apply scene text recognition models on jersey number data. Here we introduce a novel public jersey number recognition dataset for hockey and study how scene text recognition methods can be adapted to this problem. We address issues of occlusions and assess the degree to which training on one sport (hockey) can be generalized to another (soccer). For the latter, we also consider how jersey number recognition at the single-image level can be aggregated across frames to yield tracklet-level jersey number labels. We demonstrate high performance on image- and tracklet-level tasks, achieving 91.4% accuracy for hockey images and 87.4% for soccer tracklets. Code, models, and data are available at https://***/mkoshkina/jersey-number-pipeline.

关键词： jersey number dataset jersey number recognition player identification scene text recognition

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Any-Shift Prompting for Generalization over Distributions

Any-Shift Prompting for Generalization over Distributions

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Xiao, Zehao Shen, Jiayi Derakhshani, Mohammad Mandi Liao, Shengcai Snoek, Cees G. M. Univ Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Core42 Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Image-language models with prompt learning have shown remarkable advances in numerous downstream vision tasks. Nevertheless, conventional prompt learning methods overfit their training distribution and lose the generalization ability on test distributions. To improve generalization across various distribution shifts, we propose any-shift prompting: a general probabilistic inference framework that considers the relationship between training and test distributions during prompt learning. We explicitly connect training and test distributions in the latent space by constructing training and test prompts in a hierarchical architecture. Within this frame-work, the test prompt exploits the distribution relationships to guide the generalization of the CLIP image-language model from training to any test distribution. To effectively encode the distribution information and their relationships, we further introduce a transformer inference network with a pseudo-shift training mechanism. The network generates the tailored test prompt with both training and test information in a feedforward pass, avoiding extra training costs at test time. Extensive experiments on twenty-three datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of any-shift prompting on the generalization over various distribution shifts.

关键词： distribution shifts out-of-distribution generalization prompt learning vision-language

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Forecasting of 3D Whole-body Human Poses with Grasping Objects

Forecasting of 3D Whole-body Human Poses with Grasping Objec...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Yan, Haitao Cui, Qiongjie Xie, Jiexin Guo, Shijie Fudan Univ Acad Engn & Technol Shanghai Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Nanjing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

In the context of computer vision and human-robot interaction, forecasting 3D human poses is crucial for understanding human behavior and enhancing the predictive capabilities of intelligent systems. While existing methods have made significant progress, they often focus on predicting major body joints, overlooking fine-grained gestures and their interaction with objects. Human hand movements, particularly during object interactions, play a pivotal role and provide more precise expressions of human poses. This work fills this gap and introduces a novel paradigm: forecasting 3D whole-body human poses with a focus on grasping objects. This task involves predicting activities across all joints in the body and hands, encompassing the complexities of internal heterogeneity and external interactivity. To tackle these challenges, we also propose a novel approach: C3HOST, cross-context cross-modal consolidation for 3D whole-body pose forecasting, effectively handles the complexities of internal heterogeneity and external interactivity. C3HOST involves distinct steps, including the heterogeneous content encoding and alignment, and cross-modal feature learning and interaction. These enable us to predict activities across all body and hand joints, ensuring high-precision whole-body human pose prediction, even during object grasping. Extensive experiments on two benchmarks demonstrate that our model significantly enhances the accuracy of whole-body human motion prediction. The project page is available at https://***/view/c3host.

关键词： 3D computer vision cross-modal learning human motion analysis human motion prediction

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