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Boosting Object Detection with Zero-Shot Day-Night Domain Adaptation

Boosting Object Detection with Zero-Shot Day-Night Domain Ad...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Du, Zhipeng Shi, Miaojing Deng, Jiankang Kings Coll London Dept Informat London England Tongji Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Shanghai Peoples R China Imperial Coll London Dept Comp London England Huawei London Res London England

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Detecting objects in low-light scenarios presents a persistent challenge, as detectors trained on well-lit data exhibit significant performance degradation on low-light data due to low visibility. Previous methods mitigate this issue by exploring image enhancement or object detection techniques with real low-light image datasets. However, the progress is impeded by the inherent difficulties about collecting and annotating low-light images. To address this challenge, we propose to boost low-light object detection with zero-shot day-night domain adaptation, which aims to generalize a detector from well-lit scenarios to low-light ones without requiring real low-light data. Revisiting Retinex theory in the low-level vision, we first design a reflectance representation learning module to learn Retinex-based illumination invariance in images with a carefully designed illumination invariance reinforcement strategy. Next, an interchange-redecomposition-coherence procedure is introduced to improve over the vanilla Retinex image decomposition process by performing two sequential image decompositions and introducing a redecomposition cohering loss. Extensive experiments on ExDark, DARK FACE, and CODaN datasets show strong low-light generalizability of our method. Our code is available at https://***/ZPDu/DAI-Net.

关键词： Low-light vision Object Detction Zero-shot Domain Adaptation

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DeCoTR: Enhancing Depth Completion with 2D and 3D Attentions

DeCoTR: Enhancing Depth Completion with 2D and 3D Attentions

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Shi, Yunxiao Singh, Manish Kumar Cai, Hong Porikli, Fatih Qualcomm AI Res San Diego CA 92121 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

In this paper, we introduce a novel approach that harnesses both 2D and 3D attentions to enable highly accurate depth completion without requiring iterative spatial propagations. Specifically, we first enhance a baseline convolutional depth completion model by applying attention to 2D features in the bottleneck and skip connections. This effectively improves the performance of this simple network and sets it on par with the latest, complex transformer-based models. Leveraging the initial depths and features from this network, we uplift the 2D features to form a 3D point cloud and construct a 3D point transformer to process it, allowing the model to explicitly learn and exploit 3D geometric features. In addition, we propose normalization techniques to process the point cloud, which improves learning and leads to better accuracy than directly using point transformers off the shelf. Furthermore, we incorporate global attention on downsampled point cloud features, which enables long-range context while still being computationally feasible. We evaluate our method, DeCoTR, on established depth completion benchmarks, including NYU Depth V2 and KITTI, showcasing that it sets new state-of-the-art performance. We further conduct zero-shot evaluations on ScanNet and DDAD benchmarks and demonstrate that DeCoTR has superior generalizability compared to existing approaches.

关键词： 3D computer vision depth completion point transformer

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GenZI: Zero-Shot 3D Human-Scene Interaction Generation

GenZI: Zero-Shot 3D Human-Scene Interaction Generation

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Li, Lei Dai, Angela Tech Univ Munich Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Can we synthesize 3D humans interacting with scenes without learning from any 3D human-scene interaction data? We propose GenZI(1), the first zero-shot approach to generating 3D human-scene interactions. Key to GenZI is our distillation of interaction priors from large vision-language models (VLMs), which have learned a rich semantic space of 2D human-scene compositions. Given a natural language description and a coarse point location of the desired interaction in a 3D scene, we first leverage VLMs to imagine plausible 2D human interactions inpainted into multiple rendered views of the scene. We then formulate a robust iterative optimization to synthesize the pose and shape of a 3D human model in the scene, guided by consistency with the 2D interaction hypotheses. In contrast to existing learning-based approaches, GenZI circumvents the conventional need for captured 3D interaction data, and allows for flexible control of the 3D interaction synthesis with easy-to-use text prompts. Extensive experiments show that our zero-shot approach has high flexibility and generality, making it applicable to diverse scene types, including both indoor and outdoor environments.

关键词： Human-Scene Interaction vision-Language Models Zero-Shot

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CAPE: CAM as a Probabilistic Ensemble for Enhanced DNN Interpretation

CAPE: CAM as a Probabilistic Ensemble for Enhanced DNN Inter...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Chowdhury, Townim Faisal Liao, Kewen Vu Minh Hieu Phan To, Minh-Son Xie, Yutong Hung, Kevin Rose, David van den Hengel, Anton Verjans, Johan W. Liao, Zhibin Univ Adelaide Australian Inst Machine Learning Adelaide SA Australia Australian Catholic Univ Fitzroy Vic Australia Flinders Univ S Australia Adelaide SA Australia Cent Adelaide Local Hlth Network SA Pathol Adelaide SA Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely used for visual classification tasks, but their complex computation process and black-box nature hinder decision transparency and interpretability. Class activation maps (CAMs) and recent variants provide ways to visually explain the DNN decision-making process by displaying 'attention' heatmaps of the DNNs. Nevertheless, the CAM explanation only offers relative attention information, that is, on an attention heatmap, we can interpret which image region is more or less important than the others. However, these regions cannot be meaningfully compared across classes, and the contribution of each region to the model's class prediction is not revealed. To address these challenges that ultimately lead to better DNN Interpretation, in this paper, we propose CAPE, a novel reformulation of CAM that provides a unified and probabilistically meaningful assessment of the contributions of image regions. We quantitatively and qualitatively compare CAPE with state-of-the-art CAM methods on CUB and ImageNet benchmark datasets to demonstrate enhanced interpretability. We also test on a cytology imaging dataset depicting a challenging Chronic Myelomono-cytic Leukemia (CMML) diagnosis problem. Code is available at: https://***/AIML-MED/CAPE.

关键词： class activation maps deep neural network interpretability explainable AI image recognition visual classification

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VideoCon: Robust Video-Language Alignment via Contrast Captions

VideoCon: Robust Video-Language Alignment via Contrast Capti...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Bansall, Hritik Bitton, Yonatan Szpektor, Idan Chang, Kai-Wei Grover, Aditya UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Google Res Mountain View CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Despite being (pre)trained on a massive amount of data, state-of-the-art video-language alignment models are not robust to semantically-plausible contrastive changes in the video captions. Our work addresses this by identifying a broad spectrum of contrast misalignments, such as replacing entities, actions, and flipping event order, which alignment models should be robust against. To this end, we introduce the VideoCon, a video-language alignment dataset constructed by a large language model that generates plausible contrast video captions and explanations for differences between original and contrast video captions. Then, a generative video-language model is fine-tuned with VideoCon to assess video-language entailment and generate explanations. Our VideoCon-based alignment model significantly outperforms current models. It exhibits a 12-point increase in AUC for the video-language alignment task on human-generated contrast captions. Finally, our model sets new state of the art zero-shot performance in temporally-extensive video-language tasks such as text-to-video retrieval (SSv2-Temporal) and video question answering (ATP-Hard). Moreover, our model shows superior performance on novel videos and human-crafted captions and explanations.

关键词： alignment explanation Language large multimodal models Multimodal Video Video-Language vision-language

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Multiscale vision Transformers meet Bipartite Matching for efficient single-stage Action Localization

Multiscale Vision Transformers meet Bipartite Matching for e...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Ntinou, Ioanna Sanchez, Enrique Tzimiropoulos, Georgios Queen Mary Univ London London England Samsung AI Ctr Cambridge Cambridge England

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Action Localization is a challenging problem that combines detection and recognition tasks, which are often addressed separately. State-of-the-art methods rely on off-the-shelf bounding box detections pre-computed at high resolution, and propose transformer models that focus on the classification task alone. Such two-stage solutions are prohibitive for real-time deployment. On the other hand, single-stage methods target both tasks by devoting part of the network (generally the backbone) to sharing the majority of the workload, compromising performance for speed. These methods build on adding a DETR head with learnable queries that after cross- and self-attention can be sent to corresponding MLPs for detecting a person's bounding box and action. However, DETR-like architectures are challenging to train and can incur in big complexity. In this paper, we observe that a straight bipartite matching loss can be applied to the output tokens of a vision transformer. This results in a backbone + MLP architecture that can do both tasks without the need of an extra encoder-decoder head and learnable queries. We show that a single MViTv2-S architecture trained with bipartite matching to perform both tasks surpasses the same MViTv2-S when trained with RoI align on pre-computed bounding boxes. With a careful design of token pooling and the proposed training pipeline, our Bipartite-Matching vision Transformer model, BMViT, achieves +3 mAP on AVA2.2. w.r.t. the two-stage MViTv2-S counterpart. Code is available at https://***/IoannaNti/BMViT

关键词： Signal encoding

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Not All Prompts Are Secure: A Switchable Backdoor Attack Against Pre-trained vision Transfomers

Not All Prompts Are Secure: A Switchable Backdoor Attack Aga...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Yang, Sheng Bai, Jiawang Gao, Kuofeng Yang, Yong Li, Yiming Xia, Shu-Tao Tsinghua Univ Beijing Peoples R China Tencent Secur Platform Dept Shenzhen Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Hangzhou Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Given the power of vision transformers, a new learning paradigm, pretraining and then prompting, makes it more efficient and effective to address downstream visual recognition tasks. In this paper, we identify a novel security threat towards such a paradigm from the perspective of backdoor attacks. Specifically, an extra prompt token, called the switch token in this work, can turn the backdoor mode on, i.e., converting a benign model into a backdoored one. Once under the backdoor mode, a specific trigger can force the model to predict a target class. It poses a severe risk to the users of cloud API, since the malicious behavior can not be activated and detected under the benign mode, thus making the attack very stealthy. To attack a pretrained model, our proposed attack, named SWARM, learns a trigger and prompt tokens including a switch token. They are optimized with the clean loss which encourages the model always behaves normally even the trigger presents, and the backdoor loss that ensures the backdoor can be activated by the trigger when the switch is on. Besides, we utilize the crossmode feature distillation to reduce the effect of the switch token on clean samples. The experiments on diverse visual recognition tasks confirm the success of our switchable backdoor attack, i.e., achieving 95%+ attack success rate, and also being hard to be detected and removed. Our code is available at https://***/20000yshust/SWARM.

关键词： Backdoor computer vision Parameter-Efficient Fine Tuning Switchable vision Transformers Visual Prompting

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Holo-Relighting: Controllable Volumetric Portrait Relighting from a Single Image

Holo-Relighting: Controllable Volumetric Portrait Relighting...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Mei, Yiqun Zeng, Yu Zhang, He Shu, Zhixin Zhang, Xuaner Bi, Sai Zhang, Jianming Jung, HyunJoon Patel, Vishal M. Johns Hopkins Univ Baltimore MD 21218 USA Adobe Inc San Jose CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

At the core of portrait photography is the search for ideal lighting and viewpoint. The process often requires advanced knowledge in photography and an elaborate studio setup. In this work, we propose Holo-Relighting, a volumetric relighting method that is capable of synthesizing novel viewpoints, and novel lighting from a single image. Holo-Relighting leverages the pretrained 3D GAN (EG3D) to reconstruct geometry and appearance from an input portrait as a set of 3D-aware features. We design a relighting module conditioned on a given lighting to process these features, and predict a relit 3D representation in the form of a tri-plane, which can render to an arbitrary viewpoint through volume rendering. Besides viewpoint and lighting control, Holo-Relighting also takes the head pose as a condition to enable head-pose-dependent lighting effects. With these novel designs, Holo-Relighting can generate complex non-Lambertian lighting effects (e.g., specular highlights and cast shadows) without using any explicit physical lighting priors. We train Holo-Relighting with data captured with a light stage, and propose two data-rendering techniques to improve the data quality for training the volumetric relighting system. Through quantitative and qualitative experiments, we demonstrate Holo-Relighting can achieve state-of-the-arts relighting quality with better photorealism, 3D consistency and controllability.

关键词： vision + graphics

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AffordanceLLM: Grounding Affordance from vision Language Models

AffordanceLLM: Grounding Affordance from Vision Language Mod...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Qian, Shengyi Chen, Weifeng Bai, Mm Zhou, Xiong Tu, Zhuowen Li, Li Erran Amazon AWS AI Seattle WA 98109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365474

Affordance grounding refers to the task of finding the area of an object with which one can interact. It is a fundamental but challenging task, as a successful solution requires the comprehensive understanding of a scene in multiple aspects including detection, localization, and recognition of objects with their parts, of geo-spatial configuration/layout of the scene, of 3D shapes and physics, as well as of the functionality and potential interaction of the objects and humans. Much of the knowledge is hidden and beyond the image content with the supervised labels from a limited training set. In this paper, we make an attempt to improve the generalization capability of the current affordance grounding by taking the advantage of the rich world, abstract, and human-object-interaction knowledge from pre-trained large-scale vision language models [40]. Under the AGD20K benchmark, our proposed model demonstrates a significant performance gain over the competing methods for in-the-wild object affordance grounding. We further demonstrate it can ground affordance for objects from random Internet images, even if both objects and actions are unseen during training.

关键词： Visual languages

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TACO: Benchmarking Generalizable Bimanual Tool-ACtion-Object Understanding

TACO: Benchmarking Generalizable Bimanual Tool-ACtion-Object...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (cvpr)

作者： Liu, Yun Yang, Haolin Si, Xu Liu, Ling Li, Zipeng Zhang, Yuxiang Liu, Yebin Yi, Li Tsinghua Univ Beijing Peoples R China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Lab Shanghai Peoples R China Shanghai Qi Zhi Inst Shanghai Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Humans commonly work with multiple objects in daily life and can intuitively transfer manipulation skills to novel objects by understanding object functional regularities. However, existing technical approaches for analyzing and synthesizing hand-object manipulation are mostly limited to handling a single hand and object due to the lack of data support. To address this, we construct TACO, an extensive bimanual hand-object-interaction dataset spanning a large variety of tool-action-object compositions for daily human activities. TACO contains 2.5K motion sequences paired with third-person and egocentric views, precise hand-object 3D meshes, and action labels. To rapidly expand the data scale, we present a fully automatic data acquisition pipeline combining multi-view sensing with an optical motion capture system. With the vast research fields provided by TACO, we benchmark three generalizable hand-object-interaction tasks: compositional action recognition, generalizable hand-object motion forecasting, and cooperative grasp synthesis. Extensive experiments reveal new insights, challenges, and opportunities for advancing the studies of generalizable hand-object motion analysis and synthesis. Our data and code are available at https://***.

关键词： Action recognition Dataset Hand-object Interaction Motion Capture Motion Synthesis

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