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Extend Your Own Correspondences: Unsupervised Distant Point Cloud Registration by Progressive Distance Extension

Extend Your Own Correspondences: Unsupervised Distant Point ...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Liu, Quan Zhul, Hongzi Wang, Zhenxi Zhou, Yunsong Chang, Shan Guo, Minyi Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Peoples R China Donghua Univ Shanghai Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Registration of point clouds collected from a pair of distant vehicles provides a comprehensive and accurate 3D view of the driving scenario, which is vital for driving safety related applications, yet existing literature suffers from the expensive pose label acquisition and the deficiency to generalize to new data distributions. In this paper, we propose EYOC, an unsupervised distant point cloud registration method that adapts to new point cloud distributions on the fly, requiring no global pose labels. The core idea of EYOC is to train a feature extractor in a progressive fashion, where in each round, the feature extractor, trained with near point cloud pairs, can label slightly farther point cloud pairs, enabling self- supervision on such far point cloud pairs. This process continues until the derived extractor can be used to register distant point clouds. Particularly, to enable high-fidelity correspondence label generation, we devise an effective spatial filtering scheme to select the most representative correspondences to register a point cloud pair, and then utilize the aligned point clouds to discover more correct correspondences. Experiments show that EYOC can achieve comparable performance with state-of-the-art supervised methods at a lower training cost. Moreover, it outwits supervised methods regarding generalization performance on new data distributions.

关键词： 3D vision Autonomous Driving Point Cloud Registration Unsupervised Learning

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Zero-shot Learning Using Multimodal Descriptions

Zero-shot Learning Using Multimodal Descriptions

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Mall, Utkarsh Hariharan, Bharath Bala, Kavita Cornell Univ Ithaca NY 14853 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) tackles the problem of recognizing unseen classes using only semantic descriptions, e.g., attributes. Current zero-shot learning techniques all assume that a single vector of attributes suffices to describe each category. We show that this assumption is incorrect. Many classes in real world problems have multiple modes of appearance: male and female birds vary in appearance, for instance. Domain experts know this and can provide attribute descriptions of the chief modes of appearance for each class. Motivated by this, we propose the task of multi-modal zero-shot learning, where the learner must learn from these multimodal attribute descriptions. We present a technique for addressing this problem of multimodal ZSL that outperforms the unimodal counterpart significantly. We posit that multimodal ZSL is more practical for real-world problems where complex intra-class variation is common.

关键词： computer vision conferences Computational modeling Semantics Manuals Benchmark testing Birds

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Adapting Short-Term Transformers for Action Detection in Untrimmed Videos

Adapting Short-Term Transformers for Action Detection in Unt...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yang, Min Gao, Huan Guo, Ping Wang, Limin Nanjing Univ State Key Lab Novel Software Technol Nanjing Peoples R China Inchitech Beijing Peoples R China Intel Labs China Hillsboro OR USA Shanghai AI Lab Shanghai Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

vision Transformer (ViT) has shown high potential in video recognition, owing to its flexible design, adaptable self-attention mechanisms, and the efficacy of masked pretraining. Yet, it remains unclear how to adapt these pretrained short-term ViTs for temporal action detection (TAD) in untrimmed videos. The existing works treat them as off-the-shelf feature extractors for each short-trimmed snippet without capturing the fine-grained relation among different snippets in a broader temporal context. To mitigate this issue, this paper focuses on designing a new mechanism for adapting these pre-trained ViT models as a unified long-form video transformer to fully unleash its modeling power in capturing inter-snippet relation, while still keeping low computation overhead and memory consumption for efficient TAD. To this end, we design effective crosssnippet propagation modules to gradually exchange short-term video information among different snippets from two levels. For inner-backbone information propagation, we introduce a cross-snippet propagation strategy to enable multi-snippet temporal feature interaction inside the backbone. For post-backbone information propagation, we propose temporal transformer layers for further clip-level modeling. With the plain ViT-B pre-trained with VideoMAE, our end-to-end temporal action detector (ViT-TAD) yields a very competitive performance to previous temporal action detectors, riching up to 69.5 average mAP on THUMOS14, 37.40 average mAP on ActivityNet-1.3 and 17.20 average mAP on FineAction.

关键词： temporal action detection vision Transformer

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Eyes Wide Shut? Exploring the Visual Shortcomings of Multimodal LLMs

Eyes Wide Shut? Exploring the Visual Shortcomings of Multimo...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Tong, Shengbang Liu, Zhuang Zhai, Yuexiang Ma, Yi Lecun, Yann Xie, Saining NYU New York NY 10003 USA Meta FAIR Menlo Pk CA 94025 USA Univ Calif Berkeley Berkeley CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Is vision good enough for language? Recent advancements in multimodal models primarily stem from the powerful reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). However, the visual component typically depends only on the instance-level contrastive language-image pre-training ( CLIP). Our research reveals that the visual capabilities in recent MultiModal LLMs (MLLMs) still exhibit systematic shortcomings. To understand the roots of these errors, we explore the gap between the visual embedding space of CLIP and vision-only self-supervised learning. We identify "CLIP-blind pairs" - images that CLIP perceives as similar despite their clear visual differences. With these pairs, we construct the Multimodal Visual patterns (MMVP) benchmark. MMVP exposes areas where state-of-the-art systems, including GPT-4V, struggle with straightforward questions across nine basic visual patterns, often providing incorrect answers and hallucinated explanations. We further evaluate various CLIP-based vision-and-language models and found a notable correlation between visual patterns that challenge CLIP models and those problematic for multimodal LLMs. As an initial effort to address these issues, we propose a Mixture of Features (MoF) approach, demonstrating that integrating vision self-supervised learning features with MLLMs can significantly enhance their visual grounding capabilities. Together, our research suggests visual representation learning remains an open challenge, and accurate visual grounding is crucial for future successful multimodal systems.

关键词： Multimodal LLMs vision Language Model

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CLOVA: A Closed-LOop Visual Assistant with Tool Usage and Update

CLOVA: A Closed-LOop Visual Assistant with Tool Usage and Up...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Gao, Zhi Du, Yuntao Zhang, Xintong Ma, Xiaojian Han, Wenjuan Zhu, Song-Chun Li, Qing Peking Univ Sch Intelligence Sci & Technol Beijing Peoples R China BIGAI State Key Lab Gen Artificial Intelligence Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Jiaotong Univ Beijing Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Automat Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Utilizing large language models (LLMs) to compose off-the-shelf visual tools represents a promising avenue of research for developing robust visual assistants capable of addressing diverse visual tasks. However, these methods often overlook the potential for continual learning, typically by freezing the utilized tools, thus limiting their adaptation to environments requiring new knowledge. To tackle this challenge, we propose CLOVA, a Closed-LOop Visual Assistant, which operates within a framework encompassing inference, reflection, and learning phases. During the inference phase, LLMs generate programs and execute cor responding tools to complete assigned tasks. In the reflection phase, a multimodal global-local reflection scheme analyzes human feedback to determine which tools require updating. Lastly, the learning phase employs three flexible approaches to automatically gather training data and introduces a novel prompt tuning scheme to update the tools, allowing CLOVA to efficiently acquire new knowledge. Experimental findings demonstrate that CLOVA surpasses existing tool-usage methods by 5% in visual question answering and multiple-image reasoning, by 10% in knowledge tagging, and by 20% in image editing. These results underscore the significance of the continual learning capability in general visual assistants.

关键词： Compositional Reasoning Large Language Models Multimodal Learning vision and Language Visual Assistants

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EgoThink: Evaluating First-Person Perspective Thinking Capability of vision-Language Models

EgoThink: Evaluating First-Person Perspective Thinking Capab...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Cheng, Sijie Guo, Zhicheng Wu, Jingwen Fang, Kechen Li, Peng Liu, Huaping Liu, Yang Tsinghua Univ Dept Comp Sci & Technol Beijing Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Inst AI Ind Res AIR Beijing Peoples R China Univ Toronto Dept Elect & Comp Engn Toronto ON Canada Tsinghua Univ Zhili Coll Beijing Peoples R China 01 Ai Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

vision-language models (VLMs) have recently shown promising results in traditional downstream tasks. Evaluation studies have emerged to assess their abilities, with the majority focusing on the third-person perspective, and only a few addressing specific tasks from the first-person perspective. However, the capability of VLMs to "think" from a first-person perspective, a crucial attribute for advancing autonomous agents and robotics, remains largely unexplored. To bridge this research gap, we introduce EgoThink, a novel visual question-answering benchmark that encompasses six core capabilities with twelve detailed dimensions. The benchmark is constructed using selected clips from ego-centric videos, with manually annotated question-answer pairs containing first-person information. To comprehensively assess VLMs, we evaluate twenty-one popular VLMs on EgoThink. Moreover, given the open-ended format of the answers, we use GPT-4 as the automatic judge to compute single-answer grading. Experimental results indicate that although GPT-4V leads in numerous dimensions, all evaluated VLMs still possess considerable potential for improvement in first-person perspective tasks. Meanwhile, enlarging the number of trainable parameters has the most significant impact on model performance on EgoThink. In conclusion, EgoThink serves as a valuable addition to existing evaluation benchmarks for VLMs, providing an indispensable resource for future research in the realm of embodied artificial intelligence and robotics.

关键词： Benchmark Egocentric vision-Language Models

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Perceptual in-Loop Filter for Image and Video Compression

Perceptual in-Loop Filter for Image and Video Compression

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Wang, Huairui Ren, Guangjie Ouyang, Tong Zhang, Junxi Han, Wenwei Liu, Zizheng Chen, Zhenzhong Wuhan Univ Wuhan Peoples R China Tencent Media Lab Shenzhen Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781665487399

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487399

In this paper, we introduce our hybrid image and video compression scheme enhanced by CNN-optimized in-loop filter. Specifically, a Structure Preserving in-Loop Filter (SPiLF) is incorporated in the hybrid video codec Enhanced Compression Model (ECM), where two branches, i.e., gradient branch and pixel branch, are developed based on the dense residual unit (DRU). To provide pleasant visual quality, the Generative adversarial networks (GAN) loss and LPIPS loss are further considered. Therefore, the proposal is mainly focusing on perceptual-friendly image compression for human vision, whilst video compression could be further investigated. The experiments show that the proposed method achieves advanced visual quality when compared to the traditional methods.

关键词： Visualization computer vision Image coding conferences Focusing Video compression Generative adversarial networks

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Explaining CLIP's performance disparities on data from blind/low vision users

Explaining CLIP's performance disparities on data from blind...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Massiceti, Daniela Longden, Camilla Slowik, Agnieszka Wills, Samuel Grayson, Martin Morrison, Cecily Microsoft Res Redmond WA 98052 USA World Bank 1818 H St NW Washington DC 20433 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

Large multi-modal models (LMMs) hold the potential to usher in a new era of automated visual assistance for people who are blind or low vision (BLV). Yet, these models have not been systematically evaluated on data captured by BLV users. We address this by empirically assessing CLIP, a widely-used LMM likely to underpin many assistive technologies. Testing 25 CLIP variants in a zero-shot classification task, we find that their accuracy is 15 percentage points lower on average for images captured by BLV users than web-crawled images. This disparity stems from CLIP's sensitivities to 1) image content (e.g. not recognizing disability objects as well as other objects);2) image quality (e.g. not being robust to lighting variation);and 3) text content (e.g. not recognizing objects described by tactile adjectives as well as visual ones). We delve deeper with a textual analysis of three common pre-training datasets: LAION-400M, LAION-2B and DataComp-1B, showing that disability content is rarely mentioned. We then provide three examples that illustrate how the performance disparities extend to three downstream models underpinned by CLIP: OWL-ViT, CLIPSeg and DALL-E2. We find that few-shot learning with as few as 5 images can mitigate CLIP's quality-of-service disparities for BLV users in some scenarios, which we discuss alongside a set of other possible mitigations.

关键词： accessibility blind CLIP fairness low vision multi-modal vision-language zero-shot classification

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Efficient Deformable ConvNets: Rethinking Dynamic and Sparse Operator for vision Applications

Efficient Deformable ConvNets: Rethinking Dynamic and Sparse...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Xiong, Yuwen Li, Zhiqi Chen, Yuntao Wang, Feng Zhu, Xizhou Luo, Jiapeng Wang, Wenhai Lu, Tong Li, Hongsheng Qiao, Yu Lu, Lewei Zhou, Jie Dai, Jifeng Univ Toronto Toronto ON Canada Shanghai AI Lab OpenGVLab Shanghai Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Nanjing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci CAIR HKISI Beijing Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Beijing Peoples R China SenseTime Res Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013;9798350353006

We introduce Deformable Convolution v4 (DCNv4), a highly efficient and effective operator designed for a broad spectrum of vision applications. DCNv4 addresses the limitations of its predecessor, DCNv3, with two key enhancements: 1. removing softmax normalization in spatial aggregation to enhance its dynamic property and expressive power and 2. optimizing memory access to minimize redundant operations for speedup. These improvements result in a significantly faster convergence compared to DCNv3 and a substantial increase in processing speed, with DCNv4 achieving more than three times the forward speed. DCNv4 demonstrates exceptional performance across various tasks, including image classification, instance and semantic segmentation, and notably, image generation. When integrated into generative models like U-Net in the latent diffusion model, DCNv4 outperforms its baseline, underscoring its possibility to enhance generative models. In practical applications, replacing DCNv3 with DCNv4 in the InternImage model to create FlashInternImage results in up to 80% speed increase and further performance improvement without further modifications. The advancements in speed and efficiency of DCNv4, combined with its robust performance across diverse vision tasks, show its potential as a foundational building block for future vision models.

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Scaling Up to Excellence: Practicing Model Scaling for Photo-Realistic Image Restoration In the Wild

Scaling Up to Excellence: Practicing Model Scaling for Photo...

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ieee/cvf conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yu, Fanghua Gu, Jinjin Li, Zheyuan Liu, Jinfan Kong, Xiangtao Wang, Xintao He, Jingwen Qiao, Yu Dong, Chao Chinese Acad Sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Shenzhen Peoples R China Shanghai AI Lab Shanghai Peoples R China Hong Kong Polytech Univ Hong Kong Peoples R China Tencent PCG ARC Lab Hangzhou Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353006

We introduce SUPIR (Scaling-UP Image Restoration), a groundbreaking image restoration method that harnesses generative prior and the power of model scaling up. Leveraging multi-modal techniques and advanced generative prior, SUPIR marks a significant advance in intelligent and realistic image restoration. As a pivotal catalyst within SUPIR, model scaling dramatically enhances its capabilities and demonstrates new potential for image restoration. We collect a dataset comprising 20 million high-resolution, high-quality images for model training, each enriched with descriptive text annotations. SUPIR provides the capability to restore images guided by textual prompts, broadening its application scope and potential. Moreover, we introduce negative-quality prompts to further improve perceptual quality. We also develop a restoration-guided sampling method to suppress the fidelity issue encountered in generative-based restoration. Experiments demonstrate SUPIR's exceptional restoration effects and its novel capacity to manipulate restoration through textual prompts.

关键词： Blind Image Restoration Diffusion Models Low-level vision

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