A software system to manage small/medium size CHP plants has been developed and tested within a CRAFT research project financed by the European Community. this software is easily configurable by users, as it only requ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788889884089
A software system to manage small/medium size CHP plants has been developed and tested within a CRAFT research project financed by the European Community. this software is easily configurable by users, as it only requires simple and readily available input data such as the characteristics and performance of the energy providers of the plant. By monitoring the energy needs, the system can fix the quota of each energy provider in order to minimize any one of three optimization criteria (global cost, primary energy and CO2 production), or a mix of them weighted by the user. A Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm has been adopted for the optimization process. the software was tested in the energy plant of a hospital for several months, and this paper presents and discusses the results of this seasonal monitoring.
the performance of a hybrid system consisting of a high-efficiency gas engine driven centrifugal chiller and an exhaust gas heat recovery absorption water chiller-heater were investigated by a simulation model analysi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788889884089
the performance of a hybrid system consisting of a high-efficiency gas engine driven centrifugal chiller and an exhaust gas heat recovery absorption water chiller-heater were investigated by a simulation model analysis. the amounts of seasonal and annual energy consumption and CO2 emissions of the hybrid system were estimated in office, hospital, shop, and hotel buildings in Tokyo with ordinary electric, air-conditioning and hot water supply loads. then, the hybrid system was evaluated by comparing it with other systems, such as the combination of a gas engine cogeneration system and an electric centrifugal chiller system. the results show that the systems with a gas engine driven centrifugal chiller have higher cooling coefficient of performance, COP. However, when these systems are utilized for buildings with ordinary loads, the primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions of these systems are larger than those of the systems utilizing waste heat from the cogeneration system.
It is commonly accepted that inside the whole European Union within the next 15 years significant investments are expected in boththe electricity production as well as in energy transfers. Such investments will need ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788889884089
It is commonly accepted that inside the whole European Union within the next 15 years significant investments are expected in boththe electricity production as well as in energy transfers. Such investments will need the precise decision-making processes, supported with very versatile engineering tools. the major objective of this paper is to propose an application of a new methodology to design of power systems in a fully automatic way. the proposed methodology utilises the current artificial intelligence tools like genetic algorithm, artificial neural networks, expert systems, fuzzy logic toolbox, etc.
We describe a new approach to directly link air and vacuum mass measurements. this approach uses magnetic levitation along with vacuum and balance technology to realize vacuum mass measurements. It provides direct tra...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781615676347
We describe a new approach to directly link air and vacuum mass measurements. this approach uses magnetic levitation along with vacuum and balance technology to realize vacuum mass measurements. It provides direct traceability to the International Prototype Kilogram through the U.S. national prototypes without the intermediary use of vacuum artifacts. this approach will provide a direct link between the national standard of mass currently defined in air and the vacuum-based realizations founded on fundamental constants. We describe the proof-of-concept experiment, basic operation principles and challenges, initial modeling calculations, preliminary results, and the next generation system and future expectations.
this work shows an effort to consider the optimization of CO2 emissions from the Venezuelan power grid. the problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) and implemented in GAMS (General Algebraic...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788889884089
this work shows an effort to consider the optimization of CO2 emissions from the Venezuelan power grid. the problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) and implemented in GAMS (General Algebraic Modelling system). the model was designed using data (installed capacity) from nine thermal plants in Venezuela: Pedro Camejo Plant with 300 MW, the Termobarrancas plant with an initial capacity of 80MW, A. Gabaldon plant with 250 MW, Ezequiel Zamora 300 MW, Planta Centra with 160 MW, Josefa Camejo with 450 MW Alberto Lovera with 300MW, La Raisa with200 MW and Cumana with 100 MW. the objective function seeks to minimize CO2 emissions maintaining the power on the grid using both environmental and economic modes.
As a consequence of the population centralization during the last decades, result of an intense urbanization process, a lot of areas in the world have been suffering several problems. the social and environmental prob...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788889884089
As a consequence of the population centralization during the last decades, result of an intense urbanization process, a lot of areas in the world have been suffering several problems. the social and environmental problems consequent to the urbanization can be expressed by the high taxes of production of solid wastes and a necessary treatment of the liquid wastes that occupy huge areas and represent significant impacts for the environment. the cities, considered as the cells of a country, demand an analysis of energy planning from a specific methodological approach, for the electricity in public illumination, services, industrial and residential demands, besides the transportation uses, which results in direct and indirect way high indexes of pollutant emissions. In this article, the main characteristics of an energy planning system are analyzed for cities of small and medium sizes, as well as the possible available energy contributions for the service of those demands;a model based on optimization programming is proposed for selecting the most environmentally attractive electric generating systems to be considered for the city's energy demand.
Many works have shown the potential of the Brazilian sugarcane industry as an electricity supplier. However, few studies have studied how this potential could be achieved without jeopardizing the production of sugar a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788889884089
Many works have shown the potential of the Brazilian sugarcane industry as an electricity supplier. However, few studies have studied how this potential could be achieved without jeopardizing the production of sugar and ethanol. Also, the impact of modifications in the cogeneration plant on the costs of production of sugar and ethanol has not been evaluated. this paper presents a first approach to the problem of exergy optimization of cogeneration systems in sugarcane mills. A general model to the sugar and ethanol production processes is developed based on data supplied by a real plant, and an exergy analysis is performed, following the approach given in previous works. A discussion is made about the variables that most affect the performance of the processes. then, a procedure is presented to evaluate modifications in the cogeneration system and in the process, and their impact on the production costs of sugar and ethanol.
this study investigates the effect of the synthesizer phase noise shape for a multi baud rate radio. the trade-off between the synthesizer loop bandwidth and the noise contribution in the communication system is prese...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424410200
this study investigates the effect of the synthesizer phase noise shape for a multi baud rate radio. the trade-off between the synthesizer loop bandwidth and the noise contribution in the communication system is presented. this work shows also the effect of the oscillator technology on the integrated phase noise performance
In today's communication systems, there is an ever-increasing demand for higher levels of integration and circuit miniaturization. this trend leads to massive computational tasks requiring advanced modeling tools ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424410200
In today's communication systems, there is an ever-increasing demand for higher levels of integration and circuit miniaturization. this trend leads to massive computational tasks requiring advanced modeling tools so that the whole process can be achieved reliably. In this paper, the authors present advanced neural-based CAD tools that can efficiently predict a circuit response. the proposed tools are demonstrated through examples of RF/microwave circuit design.
A novel polygeneration system for methanol and power production, which consumes syngas produced by coal gasifier and coke oven gas, is proposed in this paper. In the new polygeneration system, composition adjustment p...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788889884089
A novel polygeneration system for methanol and power production, which consumes syngas produced by coal gasifier and coke oven gas, is proposed in this paper. In the new polygeneration system, composition adjustment processes such as the shift reaction and reforming reaction are eliminated, and a partial-recycle scheme is adopted in methanol synthesis unit. To clarify the characteristics of the new system, it is compared with another polygeneration systemthat has a similar configuration but adopts a reforming reaction, and investigated with exergy analysis based on Energy Utilization Diagrams (EUDs). the major contribution to the superior performance of the system, including the combination of syngas and coke oven gas, the elimination of the composition adjustment processes, and the compatible integration of chemical conversion and energy utilization, are identified. the new system demonstrates superior performance compared to single product processes, and gains an energy saving ratio as high as 15-22%. the promising results obtained here with higher thermal efficiency and lower cost would lead to a new direction for the development of clean coal technology.
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