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23rd acm international conference on 3d web technology

作者： dobas, Jozef Fan, Carmen Friston, Sebastian Wong, Charence 3D Repo Ltd London England UCL London England

ISBN: (纸本)9781450358002

We introduce Screen Space 3d diff, an interactive method for fast and reliable visual differencing on the web. This method is based on the properties of 3d scenes in 2d space such as depth, color, normals, UV, texture, etc. The central idea states that if two objects project into the same screen space with identical properties, they can be assumed to be identical;otherwise, they are different. In comparison to previous works that require large computational overheads in 3d space, our approach is significantly easier to implement and faster to determine disparities. This is because screen space methods scale with resolution and not scene complexity. They also lend themselves to massive parallelization on modern GPU hardware, and have the added advantage of being accurate at pixel level regardless of magnification. The combination of these benefits allows for instant real-time differencing with minimal disruption to the rendering pipeline even on web browsers. We demonstrate two different implementations of this method;one in a desktop application and one in Unity 3d game engine on the web. The performance of the proposed method across a range of devices is presented and practical benefits of our approach are further evaluated in a user study of twenty professionals with several large-scale models that are typical of the Building Information Modelling paradigm. Based on this evaluation we conclude that our method is invaluable in day-to-day engineering workflows and is well suited to its purpose.

关键词： differencing screen space z-buffer Unity 3d

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A Scalable webGL-based Approach for Visualizing Massive 3d Point Clouds using Semantics-dependent Rendering Techniques 18

A Scalable WebGL-based Approach for Visualizing Massive 3D P...

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23rd acm international conference on 3d web technology

作者： discher, Soeren Richter, Rico doellner, Juergen Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst Potsdam Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450358002

3d point cloud technology facilitates the automated and highly detailed digital acquisition of real-world environments such as assets, sites, cities, and countries;the acquired 3d point clouds represent an essential category of geodata used in a variety of geoinformation applications and systems. In this paper, we present a web-based system for the interactive and collaborative exploration and inspection of arbitrary large 3d point clouds. Our approach is based on standard-webGL on the client side and is able to render 3d point clouds with billions of points. It uses spatial data structures and level-of-detail representations to manage the 3d point cloud data and to deploy out-of-core and web-based rendering concepts. By providing functionality for both, thin-client and thick-client applications, the system scales for client devices that are vastly different in computing capabilities. different 3d point-based rendering techniques and post-processing effects are provided to enable task-specific and data-specific filtering and highlighting, e.g., based on per-point surface categories or temporal information. A set of interaction techniques allows users to collaboratively work with the data, e.g., by measuring distances and areas, by annotating, or by selecting and extracting data subsets. Additional value is provided by the system's ability to display additional, context-providing geodata alongside 3d point clouds and to integrate task-specific processing and analysis operations. We have evaluated the presented techniques and the prototype system with different data sets from aerial, mobile, and terrestrial acquisition campaigns with up to 120 billion points to show their practicality and feasibility.

关键词： 3d Point Clouds web-based rendering point-based rendering

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A Service-Oriented Approach for Classifying 3d Points Clouds by Example of Office Furniture Classification 18

A Service-Oriented Approach for Classifying 3D Points Clouds...

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23rd acm international conference on 3d web technology

作者： Stojanovic, Vladeta Trapp, Matthias Richter, Rico doellner, Juergen Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst Potsdam Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450358002

The rapid digitalization of the Facility Management (FM) sector has increased the demand for mobile, interactive analytics approaches concerning the operational state of a building. These approaches provide the key to increasing stakeholder engagement associated with Operation and Maintenance (O&M) procedures of living and working areas, buildings, and other built environment spaces. We present a generic and fast approach to process and analyze given 3d point clouds of typical indoor office spaces to create corresponding up-to-date approximations of classified segments and object-based 3d models that can be used to analyze, record and highlight changes of spatial configurations. The approach is based on machine-learning methods used to classify the scanned 3d point cloud data using 2d images. This approach can be used to primarily track changes of objects over time for comparison, allowing for routine classification, and presentation of results used for decision making. We specifically focus on classification, segmentation, and reconstruction of multiple different object types in a 3d point-cloud scene. We present our current research and describe the implementation of these technologies as a web-based application using a services-oriented methodology.

关键词： Indoor Models 3d Point Clouds Machine Learning BIM Service-Oriented

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Semantic approach to visualization of research front of scientific papers using web-based 3d graphic 18

Semantic approach to visualization of research front of scie...

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23rd acm international conference on 3d web technology

作者： Klimenko, Stanislav Charnine, Michael Zolotarev, Oleg Merkureva, Nadezhda Khakimova, Aida Inst Comp Phys & Technol Dept Computat Linguist Protvino Russia Russian Acad Sci FRS CSC Inst Informat Problems Moscow Russia Russian New Univ Dept Informat Syst Econ & Management Moscow Russia Moscow Inst Phys & Technol Dept Innovat & High Technol Dolgoprudnyi Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450358002

In this paper we describe a semantic approach to visualization of 3d cyberspace of scientific papers and their research front using web-based 3d graphic. The most cited and significant documents in this cyberspace are represented by spheres of a large size and the distance between documents is proportional to their semantic similarity. A new measure of semantic similarity of documents is proposed that is determined by the maximum correlation between explicit and implicit connectivity of the documents. A new science contextual citation index (SCCI) that is defined by a correlation maximum with a science citation index (SCI) is proposed and implemented. SCCI can more accurately measure scientific impact, find significant documents and evaluate new articles with zero SCI. Significant similar articles confirm each other and form clusters in the cyberspace. Research front exists as a set of such clusters. The proposed cyberspace implemented by webVR and interactive 3d graphics can be considered as a dynamic learning environment that is convenient for discovering new significant articles, ideas and trends. It can be a powerful tool of information integration, because it allows you to visualize documents of different languages in a single space.

关键词： virtual reality web-based 3d graphic webVR scientific papers semantic similarity science contextual citation index implicit links information integration visualization

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dynamic annotations on an interactive web-based 360◦ video player 23

Dynamic annotations on an interactive web-based 360◦ video ...

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23rd international acm conference on 3d web technology, web3d 2018

作者： Matos, Teresa Nóbrega, Rui Rodrigues, Rui Pinheiro, Marisa FEUP INESC TEC Porto Portugal INESC TEC Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781450358002

The use of 360◦ videos has been increasing steadily in the 2010s, as content creators and users search for more immersive experiences. The freedom to choose where to look at during the video may hinder the overall experience instead of enhancing it, as there is no guarantee that the user will focus on relevant sections of the scene. Visual annotations superimposed on the video, such as text boxes or arrow icons, can help guide the user through the narrative of the video while maintaining freedom of movement. This paper presents a web-based immersive visualizer for 360◦ videos that contain dynamic media annotations, rendered in real-time. A set of annotations was created with the purpose of providing information or guiding the user to points of interest. The visualizer can be used with a computer, using a keyboard and mouse or HTC Vive, and in mobile devices with Cardboard VR headsets, to experience the video in virtual reality, which is made possible with the webVR API. The visualizer was evaluated through usability tests, to analyze the impact of different annotation techniques on the users’ experience. The obtained results demonstrate that annotations can assist in guiding the user during the video, and a careful design is imperative so that they are not intrusive and distracting for the viewers. © 2018 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Virtual reality

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A Compact Representation of Relightable Images for the web 18

A Compact Representation of Relightable Images for the Web

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23rd acm international conference on 3d web technology

作者： Ponchio, Federico Corsini, Massimiliano Scopigno, Roberto ISTI CNR Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781450358002

Relightable images have demonstrated to be a valuable tool for the study and the analysis of coins, bas-relief, paintings, and epigraphy in the Cultural Heritage (CH) field. Reflection Transformation Imaging (RTI) are the most diffuse type of relightable images. An RTI image consists in a per-pixel function which encodes the reflection behavior, estimated from a set of digital photographs acquired from a fixed view. Even if web visualization tools for RTI images are available, high fidelity of the relighted images still requires a high amount of data to be transmitted. To overcome this limit, we propose a web-friendly compact representation for RTI images which allows very high quality of the rendered images with a relatively small amount of data required (in the order of 6-9 standard JPEG color images). The proposed approach is based on a joint interpolation-compression scheme that combines a PCA-based data reduction with a Gaussian Radial Basis Function (RBF) interpolation. We will see that the proposed approach can be adapted also to other data interpolation schemes, and it is not limited to Gaussian RBF. The proposed approach has been compared with several techniques, demonstrating its superior performance in terms of quality/size ratio. Additionally, the rendering part is simple to implement and very efficient in terms of computational cost. This allows real-time rendering also on low-end devices.

关键词： Relightable images Compact representation Compression Graphics for the web PTM RTI

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Composing customized web 3d animations with semantic queries

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GRAPHICAL MOdELS 2020年第0期107卷 101052-000页

作者： Flotynski, Jakub Walczak, Krzysztof Krzyszkowski, Marcin Poznan Univ Econ & Business Niepodleglosci 10 PL-61875 Poznan Poland

Creation of customized animated 3d content is an important issue in web-based VR/AR environments that involve users with various requirements for the content, e.g., in education, training, tourism, cultural heritage and e-commerce. 3d content customization is a complex task, as it typically covers various content features such as geometry, structure and appearance. Although a number of tools enable modeling of 3d animations, they do not support on-demand animation customization to users' requirements specified using semantic (application or domain-specific) concepts. Available solutions permit creation of 3d content in its final form, require technical knowledge and skills or are limited to a particular application domain, without possibilities to easily change the target application or domain. In this paper, we present a pipeline for creation of customized animated 3d content on the web. The pipeline uses rule-based representation of 3d content activities, which are composed into more complex animations. Animation composition is performed on-demand, using queries describing requirements in an arbitrary application domain. The use of knowledge representation adapts the approach to the current trends in the evolution of the web, including the semantic web. It enables exploration by reasoning on the content generated with users' queries. Furthermore, it permits inference of tacit properties of animations from explicitly specified properties, thereby liberating the authors from specifying all necessary animation properties. The pipeline leverages an advanced motion capture system, 3d modeling tools and game engines. We have implemented and evaluated a web-based environment for on-demand animation composition. The proposed approach can be successfully used in multiple application areas on the web, in which 3d content components are intensively reconfigured according to requirements of different users.

关键词： web 3d VR/AR 3d content Semantic web Logic programming Animation composition

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dynamic annotations on an interactive web-based 360° video player 18

Dynamic annotations on an interactive web-based 360° video ...

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23rd acm international conference on 3d web technology

作者： Matos, Teresa Nobrega, Rui Rodrigues, Rui Pinheiro, Marisa INESC TEC FEUP Porto Portugal INESC TEC Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781450358002

The use of 360 degrees videos has been increasing steadily in the 2010s, as content creators and users search for more immersive experiences. The freedom to choose where to look at during the video may hinder the overall experience instead of enhancing it, as there is no guarantee that the user will focus on relevant sections of the scene. Visual annotations superimposed on the video, such as text boxes or arrow icons, can help guide the user through the narrative of the video while maintaining freedom of movement. This paper presents a web-based immersive visualizer for 360. videos that contain dynamic media annotations, rendered in real-time. A set of annotations was created with the purpose of providing information or guiding the user to points of interest. The visualizer can be used with a computer, using a keyboard and mouse or HTC Vive, and in mobile devices with Cardboard VR headsets, to experience the video in virtual reality, which is made possible with the webVR API. The visualizer was evaluated through usability tests, to analyze the impact of different annotation techniques on the users' experience. The obtained results demonstrate that annotations can assist in guiding the user during the video, and a careful design is imperative so that they are not intrusive and distracting for the viewers.

关键词： 360 degrees videos Annotations Virtual Reality webVR

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