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Efficient multi-sensor resource management using Cramer-Rao lower bounds

Efficient multi-sensor resource management using Cramer-Rao ...

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14th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Hernandez, ML Kirubarajan, T Bar-Shalom, Y QinetiQ Ltd Malvern Technol Ctr Malvern WR14 3PS Worcs England

ISBN: (纸本)0819444782

this paper describes the development of a general framework for the efficient management of multiple sensors in target tracking. the basis of the technique is to quantify, and subsequently control, the accuracy of target state estimation. the Posterior Cramer-Rao lower bound provides the means of achieving this aim by enabling us to determine a bound on the performance of all unbiased estimators of the unknown target state. the general approach is then to use optimization techniques to control the measurement process in order to achieve accurate target state estimation. We are concerned primarily with the deployment and utilization of a limited sensor resource. We also allow for measurement origin uncertainty, with sensor measurements either target generated or false alarms. We exploit previous work to determine a general expression for the Fisher Information Matrix in this case. We show that by making certain assumptions we can express the measurement uncertainty as a constant information reduction factor. this enables the Fisher Information Matrix to be calculated quickly, allowing Cramer-Rao bounds to be utilized for real-time, online sensor management. An example is presented in which the aim is to track a submarine by deploying a series of passive sonobuoys. the target moves according to a constant velocity model, and each sonobuoy provides bearings-only measurements. We show that the sensor management framework determines quick deployment strategies. this enables the target to be accurately localized, and at the same time makes efficient use of the limited sensor resource.

关键词： sensor management data fusion Posterior Cramer-Rao lower bound Fisher Information Matrix target state estimation

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Real-Time Identification of small Objects with Inaccurate Background Wavenumber 25

Real-Time Identification of Small Objects with Inaccurate Ba...

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25th International conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2024

作者： Ha, Taeyoung Park, Won-Kwang National Institute for Mathematical Sciences Daejeon Korea Republic of Kookmin University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360974

there exist various non-iterative algorithms for identifying unknown targets from scattering parameter data for example, bifocusing method, direct sampling method, factorization method, Kirchhoff migration, Multiple signal Classification (MUSIC), and orthogonality sampling method. throughout many researches [1,2,3,4] it turned out that they are fast, effective and stable methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Multiple signal classification

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Optimal multiframe detection and tracking in digital image sequences 25

Optimal multiframe detection and tracking in digital image s...

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25th IEEE International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing, ICASSP 2000

作者： Bruno, Marcelo G.S. Moura, José M.F. Electrical Engineering Depart. University of Sao Paulo P.O. Box 61548 Sao Paulo SP05424-970 Brazil Massachusetts Institute of Technology Room 35-203 77 Massachusetts Ave CambridgeMA02139-4703 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780362934

We present a Bayesian algorithm for optimal multiframe detection and tracking of small extended targets in two-dimensional (2D) finite resolution images. the algorithm integrates detection and tracking into a single framework using as data a sequence of cluttered sensor snapshots. Performance studies using Monte Carlo simulations show substantial improvements when the proposed Bayes tracker is compared to the association of a correlation filter and a linearized Kalman-Bucy filter. Likewise, there are significant detection performance gains of up to 6 dB in peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) when the multiframe Bayes detector is compared to a single frame likelihood ratio test (LRT) detector. © 2000 IEEE.

关键词： signal to noise ratio

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Chirp pulse microwave computed tomography(CP-MCT) equipped with a fan beam scanner for high-speed imaging of a biological target

Chirp pulse microwave computed tomography(CP-MCT) equipped w...

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25th Annual International conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS 2003

作者： Miyakawa, M. Harada, E. Jing, W. Center for Transdisciplinary Research Niigata University Niigata Japan Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Niigata University Niigata Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0780377893

Recently, microwave imaging aiming at early-stage-tumor detection has become of major interest because of its relatively high contrast resolution in the image. Chirp pulse microwave computed tomography (CP-MCT) obtains the attenuation and/or phase shift images of biological targets by use of a chirp pulse signal from 1 GHz to 2 GHz and signal processing techniques. the experimental- and computational-studies show that the estimated spatial resolution becomes 10 to 12 mm and very small temperature variation such as 0.3 degree to 0.5 degree is detectable. Usefulness of this imaging modality increases by developing a fan beam scanner that enables fast data acquisition. In fact, it takes only a few minutes for imaging, while the prototype system takes about 90 minutes. © 2003 IEEE.

关键词： data acquisition

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A high power EMI sensor for detecting and classifying small and deep targets 21

A high power EMI sensor for detecting and classifying small ...

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conference on Detection and Sensing of Mines, Explosive Objects, and Obscured targets XXI

作者： Shubitidze, F. Barrowes, B. E. Wang, Yinlin Shamatava, Irma Sigman, J. B. O'Neill, K. Steinhurst, Daniel A. Dartmouth Coll Thayer Sch Engn HB 8000 Hanover NH 03755 USA White River Technol Inc 3 Schoolhouse Ln Etna NH 03750 USA USA ERDC Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab Hanover NH 03755 USA Nova Res Inc Alexandria VA 22308 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510600645

Detecting and classifying small (i.e., with calibers ranging from 20 to 60 mm) and deep targets (burial depth more than 11 times targets diameter) is still a challenging problem using current advanced EMI sensors and signal processing approaches. In order to overcome this problem, the standard time-domain NRL TEMTADS 2x2 electromagnetic induction (EMI) instrument is updated. Namely, the NRL TEMTADS 2x2 system's transmitter electronics is modified to increase transmitter (Tx) currents from 6 Amperes to 14 Amperes. the instrument has a Tx array with four coplanar square coils, together with four tri-axial receivers (Rx) placed at the center of each Tx. Each Rx cube contains three orthogonal coils and thus registers all three vector components of the impinging signals. the Tx coils, with transmitter currents of similar to 14 A, illuminate a buried target, and the target responses are collected with a 500 kHz sample rate after turn off of the excitation pulse. the system operates in both static (cued) and dynamic modes. For cued mode, the raw decay measurements are grouped into 121 logarithmically-spaced " gates" whose center times range from 25 mu s to 24.35 ms with 5% widths. the sensor is placed on a cart which provides a sensor-to-ground offset of 20 cm or less. In this paper, studies for APG Calibration, Blind, and small Munitions Grids are presented and analyzed. the areas are arranged in grids of test cells and the cell center positions are known. Each target position is flagged with a non-metallic pin flag using cm-level GPS. the sensor is positioned over each target in turn. With the system positioned over the target, each Tx is activated sequentially and during off the Tx current, all four Rx record data. the capabilities of this sensor platform is rigorously investigated for UXO classification at APG blind and small munitions grids.

关键词： High Power detection classification UXO advanced models EMI Sensors ONVMS modeling APG test-site mini-Metal Mapper

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A reconfigurable multiprocessor IC for prototyping of real-time data paths 39

A reconfigurable multiprocessor IC for prototyping of real-t...

引用

39th IEEE International Solid-State Circuits conference, ISSCC 1992

作者： Chen, C. Rabaey, Jan M. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California BerkeleyCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780305736

In real-time digital-signal processing systems, data often enter or leave the computationally intensive parts at small integer multiples of the clocking interval. In these cases, traditional microprocessor-based architectures are inadequate to meet the throughput requirements, and so clusters of dedicated data paths, hard-wired to closely match the algorithmic data flow, are often used. these architectures typically contain multiple concurrently operating data-path pipelines. the circuit reported targets the rapid implementation and prototyping of such architectures using reconfigurable multiprocessors. this circuit contains eight execution units (EXUs) connected via a dynamically controlled crossbar switch. It can operate at 25 MHz (200 MIPs) with a data I/O bandwidth of 400 MB/s and a typical power consumption of 0.45 W. It contains 140106 transistors on a 8.9×9.5 mm2 die, in 1.2μm CMOS technology. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Chirp pulse microwave computed tomography(CP-MCT) equipped with a fan beam scanner for high-speed imaging of a biological target

Chirp pulse microwave computed tomography(CP-MCT) equipped w...

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Annual International conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： M. Miyakawa E. Harada W. Jing Center for Transdisciplinary Research Niigata University Niigata Japan Graduate School ofNatural Science and Technology NiiRata University Niigata Japan

关键词： Chirp Biology computing Microwave imaging High-resolution imaging Spatial resolution Image resolution signal resolution Microwave theory and techniques Computed tomography Attenuation

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A design of high performance infrared search and track system using dual band I-D sensors

A design of high performance infrared search and track syste...

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34th conference on Infrared Technology and Applications

作者： Joung, Shichang Choi, Byungin Nam, Sanghoon Youn, Jungsu Yang, Yukyung Lee, Joohyoung Samsung Thales Co Ltd Yongin 446712 Gyeonggi South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471314

In the maritime environment, the main goals of an infrared search and track system is to search and track the targets approaching to ships, such as sea skimming missiles, small ships, and aircrafts. In this paper, we propose a high performance infrared search and track system. Our proposed infrared search and track system is composed of a dual band infrared detection module, signal processing module, servo control module, and control console module. In the dual band infrared detection module, the sensor head of our proposed system is organized by one-dimensional MWIR and LWIR detectors (480X6) with 3-axes servo stabilization. the signal-processing module consists of several blocks such as a target detection block, target tracking block, panoramic video displaying block, video input/output block, and system control block. those blocks perform the signal-processing algorithms involved with target search and tracking. In our proposed system, adaptive temporal and spatial filtering methods, which can reduce background clutters effectively, are used for target detection. Moreover, the extended Kalman filter and the integrated probabilistic data association (IPDA) algorithm are adapted for target tracking. therefore, our proposed infrared search and track system can increase the defense ability of warships due to long range and high accuracy of target detection and tracking.

关键词： Infrared search and track target detection target tracking dual band MWIR LWIR Kalman filter integrated probabilistic data association

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