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检索条件"任意字段=25th SPIE Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets"

共 168 条记录，以下是11-20 订阅

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Identification of Human Motion Signature using Airborne Radar data

Identification of Human Motion Signature using Airborne Rada...

引用

25th spie conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： McDonald, Michael Damini, Anthony Def R&D Canada Ottawa ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

data containing the radar signature of amoving person on the ground were collected at ranges of up to 30 km from a moving airborne platform using the DRDC Ottawa X-band Wideband Experimental Airborne Radar (XWEAR). the human target radar echo returns were found to possess a characteristic amplitude modulated (AM) and frequency modulated (FM) signature which could be usefully characterized in terms of conventional AM and FM modulation parameters. Human detection performance after space time adaptive processing is frequently limited by false alarms arising from incomplete cancellation of large radar cross-section discretes during the whitening step. However, the clutter discretes possess different modulation characteristics from the human targets discussed above. the ability of pattern classification techniques to use this parameter measurement space to distinguish between human targets and clutter discretes is explored and preliminary results presented.

关键词： STAP Radar GMTI

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An Examination of the Application of Space Time Adaptive processing for the Detection of Maritime Surface targets from High Altitude Airborne Platforms

An Examination of the Application of Space Time Adaptive Pro...

引用

25th spie conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： McDonald, Michael Cerutti-Maori, Delphine Def R&D Canada 3701 Carling Ave Ottawa ON Canada Fraunhofer FHR D-53343 Wachtberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

An examination of the application of Space Time Adaptive processing (STAP) techniques to real, multi-channel, medium grazing angle, radar sea clutter data is undertaken and the detection performance is quantified against simulated moving maritime surface targets. the application of sub-optimal STAP approaches to the maritime radar detection problem is shown to be complicated by non-stationarity of sea clutter and rapid variations of the sea clutter spectrum due to transient wave activity. Observed performance gains from maritime STAP are much more limited than those observed for Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI) due to the inherent spectral width of sea clutter and the slow Doppler velocities of maritime targets. three sub-optimal STAP processing architectures are examined and PRI-Staggered Post-Doppler is shown to provide consistently superior detection performance for the data set in question.

关键词： Maritime surveillance STAP Radar GMTI

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Particle Filter Tracking for the Banana Problem

Particle Filter Tracking for the Banana Problem

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25th spie conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Romeo, Kevin Willett, Peter Bar-Shalom, Yaakov Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

In this paper we present an approach for tracking with a high-bandwidth active sensor in very long range scenarios. We show that in these scenarios the extended Kalman filter is not desirable as it suffers from major consistency problems;and most flavors of particle filter suffer from a loss of diversity among particles after resampling. this leads to sample impoverishment and the divergence of the filter. In the scenarios studied, this loss of diversity can be attributed to the very low process noise. However, a regularized particle filter is shown to avoid this diversity problem while producing consistent results. the regularization is accomplished using a modified version of the Epanechnikov kernel.

关键词： Particles Particle filters Detection and tracking algorithms Filtering (signal processing) Gaussian filters Digital filtering Error analysis Sensors Active sensors Statistical analysis

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On Covariance Structure in Noisy, Big data

On Covariance Structure in Noisy, Big Data

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25th spie conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Paffenroth, Randy C. Nong, Ryan Du Toit, Philip C. Numerica Corp Loveland CO 80538 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

Herein we describe theory and algorithms for detecting covariance structures in large, noisy data sets. Our work uses ideas from matrix completion and robust principal component analysis to detect the presence of low-rank covariance matrices, even when the data is noisy, distorted by large corruptions, and only partially observed. In fact, the ability to handle partial observations combined with ideas from randomized algorithms for matrix decomposition enables us to produce asymptotically fast algorithms. Herein we will provide numerical demonstrations of the methods and their convergence properties. While such methods have applicability to many problems, including mathematical finance, crime analysis, and other large- scale sensor fusion problems, our inspiration arises from applying these methods in the context of cyber network intrusion detection.

关键词： Sensors Matrices Computer networks Algorithms Computer intrusion detection Optimization (mathematics) Principal component analysis Sensor fusion data fusion Veins

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Efficient Multiple Emitter Localization for Fully Decentralized Large-Scale/Low-Cost Multimodal Sensor Networks

Efficient Multiple Emitter Localization for Fully Decentrali...

引用

25th spie conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Haney, Philip J. Fiore, Paul D. BAE Syst 6 New England Execut Pk Burlington MA 01803 USA MIT Lincoln Lab Lexington MA 02420 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

this paper presents a robust approach to the problem of localizing multiple emitters in cluttered environments using a network of low-cost sensors. A pseudo maximum likelihood (PML) function, whose peaks strongly indicate the number and locations of the true emitters, is generated from available sensor measurements. Localization is performed by first iteratively associating the individual sensor measurements to the PML peaks and then generating true maximum likelihood (ML) estimates of the emitter locations based on the associated measurements. these emitter location estimates are fed to an EKF-based, decentralized architecture for initiating, sustaining and sharing local track activity throughout the sensor network. the iterative PML approach is shown to be efficient with computational complexity that is linear in the number of measurements. Additionally, simulation results illustrate the ability of the proposed approach to generate accurate emitter location estimates in cluttered environments for generating and sustaining all track activity in a fully decentralized sensor network.

关键词： Emitter Localization Multimodal Sensor Networks Maximum Likelihood Decentralized data Fusion

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A Minimalist Approach to Bias Estimation for Passive Sensor Measurements with targets of Opportunity

A Minimalist Approach to Bias Estimation for Passive Sensor ...

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25th spie conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Belfadel, Djedjiga Osborne, Richard W., III Bar-Shalom, Yaakov Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

In order to carry out data fusion, registration error correction is crucial in multisensor systems. this requires estimation of the sensor measurement biases. It is important to correct for these bias errors so that the multiple sensor measurements and/or tracks can be referenced as accurately as possible to a common tracking coordinate system. this paper provides a solution for bias estimation for the minimum number of passive sensors (two), when only targets of opportunity are available. the sensor measurements are assumed time-coincident (synchronous) and perfectly associated. Since these sensors provide only line of sight (LOS) measurements, the formation of a single composite Cartesian measurement obtained from fusing the LOS measurements from different sensors is needed to avoid the need for nonlinear filtering. We evaluate the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) on the covariance of the bias estimate, i.e., the quantification of the available information about the biases. Statistical tests on the results of simulations show that this method is statistically efficient, even for small sample sizes (as few as two sensors and six points on the trajectory of a single target of opportunity). We also show that the RMS position error is significantly improved with bias estimation compared with the target position estimation using the original biased measurements.

关键词： Bias estimation bias observability statistical efficiency CRLB composite measurements maximum likelihood

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Improving variance estimation ratio score calculation for slow moving point targets detection in infrared imagery sequences

Improving variance estimation ratio score calculation for sl...

引用

25th spie conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Huber-Shalem, Revital Hadar, Ofer Rotman, Stanley R. Huber-Lerner, Merav Evstigneev, Stanislav Ben Gurion Univ Negev Dept Commun Syst Engn POB 653 IL-84105 Beer Sheva Israel Ben Gurion Univ Negev Dept Elect & Comp Engn POB 653 IL-84105 Beer Sheva Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

Infrared (IR) imagery sequences are commonly used for detecting moving targets in the presence of evolving cloud clutter or background noise. this research focuses on slow moving point targets that are less than one pixel in size, such as aircraft at long ranges from a sensor. the target detection performance is measured via the variance estimation ratio score (VERS), which essentially calculates the pixel scores of the sequences, where a high score indicates a target is suspected to traverse the pixel. VERS uses two parameters - long and short term windows, which were predetermined individually for each movie, depending on the target velocity and on the clouds intensity and amount, as opposed to clear sky (noise), in the background. In this work, we examine the correlation between the sequences' spatial and temporal features and these two windows. In addition, we modify VERS calculation, to enhance target detection and decrease cloud-edge scores and false detection. We conclude this work by evaluating VERS as a detection measure, using its original version and its modified version. the test sequences are both original real IR sequences as well as their relative compressed sequences using our designated temporal DCT quantization method.

关键词： compression cosine filter discrete cosine transform (DCT) infrared (IR) imagery spatial characteristics temporal characteristics variance estimation ratio score

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Comparison of Measured and Simulated IR signals from a Scaled Model Ship

Comparison of Measured and Simulated IR Signals from a Scale...

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25th spie conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Kim, Dong-Geon Han, Kuk-Il Choi, Jun-Hyuk Kim, Tae-Kuk Chung Ang Univ Dept Mech Engn Seoul 156756 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497079

the goal of the present study is to develop a S/W that predicts infrared signals from objects synthetically by considering the internal and external factors, such as surface properties, internal heat sources, solar irradiations, atmospheric temperature, etc. As a part of developing a S/W, this paper contains some results of the measured and simulated IR signals for comparison and validation. the scaled model ship used in this study is made of 3mm-thick steel and 1.5m long. It has virtual internal heat sources that are made of a brass block with a heater. the experiments are performed under an indoor environment to exclude the external effects such as solar irradiance, wind effect, etc. the radiance from the ship is mainly due to the surface temperature because the effects of solar and wind are excluded. Also the IR signals are collected by the IR cameras which are operated at MWIR(3.7 similar to 5.1 mu m) and LWIR(7.5 similar to 9.1 mu m), respectively. At the same time, the atmospheric temperature and the relative humidity are measured to use for input conditions for calculation. the surface temperature and the IR signals within the two wavelengths are calculated by using the S/W developed in this study considering the 3D ship model, the internal heater temperature, and the atmospheric conditions. the temperature and IR signals from the scaled model ship obtained from measurements and from the S/W developed in this study are compared each other by showing fairly good agreements with each other.

关键词： Surface temperature IR signal Scaled model ship Heat source

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Multi-targets Miss Distance Measurement using Sequential Range-Doppler Image

Multi-Targets Miss Distance Measurement using Sequential Ran...

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2012 IEEE 11th International conference on signal processing(ICSP 2012)

作者： Dingwei Feng Siliang Wu Guohua Wei School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781467321969

A new approach is described for combining a series of sequential range and Doppler data from single radar platform to perform multi-targets miss distance measurement (MTMDM). In MTMDM, the difference between targets is mainly in range domain, not velocity. this difference leads to resemblance or aliasing in time curves of multi-targets Doppler frequency. Moreover, the miss distance measurement (MDM) using only distance information has some limitations such as larger measurement errors in case of small miss distance. In the new approach, the information of range and Doppler frequency will be first extracted using the centroid estimation method from range-Doppler image. then the extracted information will be jointly used for multi-targets data association, tracking as well as MDM. the data association and fusion of range and Doppler can distinguish multi-targets, and improve the accuracy of the MDM more effectively. the experimental results will prove the efficiency of the proposed method.

关键词： multi-targets miss distance measurement range-Doppler image data fusion

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Target detection by distributed sensors: distributed sensor concept-DISCO for small target detection

Target detection by distributed sensors: distributed sensor ...

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Rafailov, Michael K. QinetiQ NA Reston VA 20191 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

Distributed Sensor Concept - DISCO was proposed [I] for multiplication of individual sensor capabilities through non-coherent cooperative target engagement. the signal processing technique for DISCO is Recursive Adaptive Frame Integration of Limited data - RAFIL technique [2] that was initially proposed as a way to improve the SNR [3], reduce data rate [4] and mitigate FPA noise for IR sensors [5]. In DISCO, the RAFIL technique is used in a segmented way, when constituencies of the technique are spatially and temporally separated between individual sensors. Each sensor provides to and receives data from other sensors in the network. In this paper efficiency of DISCO is discussed for acquisition, accurate handover and track correlation of small targets.

关键词： multiple sensor system distributed sensors distributed apertures accurate target detection frame integration data rate recursive processing double threshold

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