In this paper a theory is developed for variational segmentation of images using area-based segmentation functionals with non-quadratic penalty functions in the fidelity term. Two small theorems, which we believe are ...
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In this paper a theory is developed for variational segmentation of images using area-based segmentation functionals with non-quadratic penalty functions in the fidelity term. Two small theorems, which we believe are new to the vision community, allow us to compute the Gateaux derivative of the considered functional, and to construct the corresponding gradient descent flow. the functional is minimized by evolving an initial curve using this gradient descent flow. If the penalty function is sub-quadratic, i.e. behaves like the p'th power of the error for p<2, the obtained segmentation model is more robust with respect to noise and outliers than the classical Chan-Vese model and the curve evolution has better convergence properties.
the aim of salient point detection is to find distinctive events in images. Salient features are generally determined from the local differential structure of images. they focus on the shape saliency of the local neig...
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the aim of salient point detection is to find distinctive events in images. Salient features are generally determined from the local differential structure of images. they focus on the shape saliency of the local neighborhood. the majority of these detectors is luminance based which has the disadvantage that the distinctiveness of the local color information is completely ignored. To fully exploit the possibilities of color image salient point detection, color distinctiveness should be taken into account next to shape distinctiveness. In this paper color distinctiveness is explicitly incorporated into the design of saliency detection. the algorithm, called color saliency boosting, is based on an analysis of the statistics of color image derivatives. Isosalient color derivatives can be closely approximated by ellipsoidal surfaces in color derivative space. Based on this remarkable statistical finding, isosalient derivatives are transformed by color boosting to have equal impact on the saliency. Color saliency boosting is designed as a generic method easily adaptable to existing feature detectors. Results show that substantial improvements in information content are acquired by targeting color salient features. Further, the generality of the method is illustrated by applying color boosting to multiple existing saliency methods.
We present results on the latest advances in thermal infrared face recognition, and its use in combination with visible imagery. Previous research by the authors has shown high performance under very controlled condit...
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We present results on the latest advances in thermal infrared face recognition, and its use in combination with visible imagery. Previous research by the authors has shown high performance under very controlled conditions, or questionable performance under a wider range of conditions. this paper shows results on the use of thermal infrared and visible imagery for face recognition in operational scenarios. In particular, we show performance statistics for outdoor face recognition and recognition across multiple sessions. Our results support the conclusion that face recognition performance withthermal infrared imagery is stable over multiple sessions, and that fusion of modalities increases performance. As measured by the number of images and number of subjects, this is the largest ever reported study on thermal face recognition.
Previous research has established thermal infrared imagery of faces as a valid biometric and has shown high recognition performance in a wide range of scenarios. However, all these results have been obtained using eye...
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Manifold mosaicing is a fast and robust way to summarize video sequences captured by a moving camera. It is also useful for rendering compelling 3D visualizations from a video without estimating the 3D structure of th...
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28 channel EEG data were recorded while a subject performed wrist movements in four directions. Four feature types were extracted for each channel following optimized filtering of the signals. the potential performanc...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780384393
28 channel EEG data were recorded while a subject performed wrist movements in four directions. Four feature types were extracted for each channel following optimized filtering of the signals. the potential performance of each feature and channel for use in the classification of the EEG signals was analyzed by estimating the relative class overlap using a first order histogram approach. the best feature/channel configurations contained channels boththat were close and far from motor areas. While the scope and depth of the study was very limited, the results do suggest more attention should be paid to non-motor areas when investigating movement related EEG.
Researchers in medicine and psychology have studied emotions and the way they influence human thinking and behaviour for decades. Recently computer scientists have realised the importance of emotions in human interact...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780384393
Researchers in medicine and psychology have studied emotions and the way they influence human thinking and behaviour for decades. Recently computer scientists have realised the importance of emotions in human interactions withthe environment and a considerable amount of research has been directed towards the identification and utilisation of affective information. Particular interest exists in the detection of emotional states withthe intention of improving both human-machine interaction and artificial human-like inference models. Emotion detection has also been employed to explore applications that relate emotional states, habits and ambient conditions inside inhabited environments. Valuable information can be obtained by analysing the way affective states that influence behaviour are altered by environmental changes. In this paper an analysis of the properties of four physiological signals employed in emotion recognition is presented. Class separation analysis was used for determining the best physiological parameters (among those from a list chosen a priori) to use for recognizing emotional states. Results showed that the masseter electromyogram was the best attribute when distinguishing between neutral and non-neutral emotional states. Using Autoassociative Neural Networks for improving cluster separation, the gradient of the skin conductance provided the best results when discriminating between positive and negative emotions.
Dysfunction of mitochondria links a variety of central nervous system (CNS) disorders and other neurodegenerative diseases. the primary respiratory chain substrate reduced form nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780384393
Dysfunction of mitochondria links a variety of central nervous system (CNS) disorders and other neurodegenerative diseases. the primary respiratory chain substrate reduced form nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is an important regulator of respiratory chain function in mitochondria and, because of its fluorescent properties, has been used to assess mitochondrial pathophysiology in cells and tissues. However, assessment of changes in tissue NADH has been limited to qualitative analysis primarily because hemoglobin (Hb) interferes with NADH fluorescence measurements by absorbing both excitation and emission light. this study presents a computer-assisted approach to estimate brain tissue NADH and Hb concentrations quantitatively at the same time. the method is based on a two-dimensionally interpolated database model that is calibrated by fluorescence emission spectra with known-value standard chemical solutions. Quantitative concentrations for NADH and Hb can be determined by the corresponding known-value spectral data that have the minimum error to the sample spectrum obtained from an experiment. Repeatability and reliability tests are also presented in this report. Results demonstrate that this method can feasibly quantify the NADH content regardless of the Hb background in living hippocampal cells during hypoxia, suggesting that it has potential to be applied to in vivo experiments in the future.
the proceedings contain 70 papers. the special focus in this conference is on Learning, Bayesian Approaches, vision and Faces. the topics include: Predictive discretization during model selection;adaptive feature sele...
ISBN:
(纸本)3540229450
the proceedings contain 70 papers. the special focus in this conference is on Learning, Bayesian Approaches, vision and Faces. the topics include: Predictive discretization during model selection;adaptive feature selection in image segmentation;semi-supervised kernel regression using whitened function classes;kernel density estimation and intrinsic alignment for knowledge-driven segmentation;efficient approximations for support vector machines in object detection;efficient computation of optical flow using the census transform;poi detection using channel clustering and the 2d energy tensor;hierarchical image segmentation based on semidefinite programming;scale-invariant object categorization using a scale-adaptive mean-shift search;phase based image reconstruction in the monogenic scale space;minover revisited for incremental support-vector-classification;SVM-based feature selection by direct objective minimisation;learning from labeled and unlabeled data using random walks;multivariate regression via stiefel manifold constraints;shape from shading under coplanar light sources;silhouette based human motion estimation;cooperative optimization for energy minimization in computervision;a stratified self-calibration method for a stereo rig in planar motion with varying intrinsic parameters;recognition of deictic gestures with context;accurate and efficient approximation of the continuous Gaussian scale-space;a statistical measure for evaluating regions-of-interest based attention algorithms;an algorithm for fast patternrecognition with random spikes;level set based image segmentation with multiple regions;robust pose estimation for arbitrary objects in complex scenes;a probabilistic framework for robust and accurate matching of point clouds and snake-aided automatic organ delineation.
Subspace clustering has many applications in computervision, such as image/video segmentation and pattern classification. the major issue in subspace clustering is to obtain the most appropriate subspace from the giv...
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Subspace clustering has many applications in computervision, such as image/video segmentation and pattern classification. the major issue in subspace clustering is to obtain the most appropriate subspace from the given noisy data. Typical methods (e.g., SVD, PCA, and eigen-decomposition) use least squares techniques, and are sensitive to outliers. In this paper, we present the k-th nearest neighbor distance (kNND) metric, which, without actually clustering the data, can exploit the intrinsic data cluster structure to detect and remove influential outliers as well as small data clusters. the remaining data provide a good initial inlier data set that resides in a linear subspace whose rank (dimension) is upper-bounded. Such linear subspace constraint can then be exploited by simple algorithms, such as iterative SVD algorithm, to (1) detect the remaining outliers that violate the correlation structure enforced by the low rank subspace, and (2) reliably compute the subspace. As an example, we apply our method to extracting layers from image sequences containing dynamically moving objects.
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