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Methods and tools for the efficient use of parallel computer architectures 1

Methods and tools for the efficient use of parallel computer...

引用

1st Aizu international symposium on parallel Algorithms/Architecture Synthesis, AISPAS 1995

作者： Bode, Arndt Institut für Informatik Lehrstuhl für Rechnertechnik und Rechnerorganisation Technische Universitat Munchen MunchenD-80290 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)081867038X

This article covers research at Technische Universität München on distributed and parallel architectures and applications. First, an overview on the parallel processing research organization is given. The second main topic covers an integrated hierarchical programming environment TOPSYS for parallel and distributed systems developed as part of the research grant. © 1995 IEEE.

关键词： Hierarchical systems

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SPLASH-2 programs: Characterization and methodological considerations

SPLASH-2 programs: Characterization and methodological consi...

引用

Proceedings of the 1995 22nd Annual international symposium on Computer Architecture

作者： Woo, Steven Cameron Ohara, Moriyoshi Torrie, Evan Singh, Jaswinder Pal Gupta, Anoop Stanford Univ Stanford United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780330005

The SPLASH-2 suite of parallel applications has recently been released to facilitate the study of centralized and distributed shared-address-space multiprocessors. In this context, this paper has two goals. One is to quantitatively characterize the SPLASH-2 programs in terms of fundamental properties and architectural interactions that are important to understand them well. The properties we study include the computational load balance, communication to computation ratio and traffic needs, important working set sizes, and issues related to spatial locality, as well as how these properties scale with problem size and the number of processors. The other, related goal is methodological: to assist people who will use the programs in architectural evaluations to prune the space of application and machine parameters in an informed and meaningful way. For example, by characterizing the working sets of the applications, we describe which operating points in terms of cache size and problem size are representative of realistic situations, which are not, and which are redundant. Using SPLASH-2 as an example, we hope to convey the importance of understanding the interplay of problem size, number of processors, and working sets in designing experiments and interpreting their results.

关键词： Computer software

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Accurate communication models for task scheduling in multicomputers

Accurate communication models for task scheduling in multico...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed processing (IPDPS)

作者： Wei Kang Huang Xiaotao Chen L. Bhuyan F. Lombardi Department of Computer Science Texas A and M University College Station TX USA

Models for computations and message-passing communications are very important for scheduling applications onto multicomputer systems and estimating the parallel execution time. This paper presents new models for communication, scheduling and estimating the execution time. In the proposed models, it is assumed that each processor in the multicomputer system has a router. The processor can only receive data from and send data to the router sequentially while the router can receive data from and send data to the routers of other processors in parallel. The execution time of a given application on a given machine can be then accurately estimated by using the proposed models. The input parameters to the proposed models are determined by measuring some parameters experimentally. Experimental results on the nCUBE2 machine are given to show the correctness of the proposed models.

关键词： Processor scheduling Multiprocessing systems Application software Computer applications Computer science Computational modeling Concurrent computing Computer architecture Clustering algorithms Heuristic algorithms

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A distributed algorithm for the detection of local cycles and knots

A distributed algorithm for the detection of local cycles an...

引用

international symposium on parallel processing

作者： A. Boukerche C. Tropper School of Computer Science McGill University Montreal Canada

The purpose of this paper is to present an efficient distributed cycle/knot detection, algorithm for general graphs which will determine whether a given node is a member of a knot or a cycle. This is relevant to an application such as parallel simulation in which (1) cycles and knots can arise frequently, (2) the size of the graph is very large and (3) it is necessary to know if a given node is in a cycle or a knot. The algorithm is based on a diffusing computation. It requires less communication cost than preceding algorithms and is the first algorithm capable of detecting both cycles and knots. The algorithm differs from the classical diffusing computation methods through its use of incomplete search messages to speed up the computation. The algorithm requires a total of at most 2m messages, where m is the number of links. This is compared to Chandy-Misra's algorithm (1982) which requires at least (3m+n), where n is a number of nodes and m is the number of links. The algorithm. Requires O(log(n)) bits of memory. Various applications for the cycle/knot detection algorithm are presented. In particular, we demonstrate its importance to deadlock detection to algorithms for parallel simulation which employ a blocking paradigm and a deadlock breaking technique known as TNE/DLTNE.< >

关键词： distributed algorithms System recovery Clustering algorithms Computer science Detection algorithms Discrete event simulation Database systems

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VIZIR: an integrated environment for distributed program visualization

VIZIR: an integrated environment for distributed program vis...

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international symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS)

作者： M.C. Hao A.H. Karp A. Waheed M. Jazayeri Hewlett Packard Research Laboratories Palo Alto CA USA

VIZIR provides an integrated mechanism for on-line debugging, performance analysis, and data visualization of message-passing parallel applications. The current VIZIR includes: (1) a mechanism to multicast window-based commands, message passing and program execution events among tasks; (2) the ability to select groups of tasks to interact these events; (3) a means to report when these events cause errors in the tasks; and (4) ad hoc visualization of distributed arrays using existing visualizers.< >

关键词： Data visualization Debugging distributed computing Computer networks parallel architectures Performance analysis Message passing parallel processing Concurrent computing parallel machines

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The SPLASH-2 programs: characterization and methodological considerations

The SPLASH-2 programs: characterization and methodological c...

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Annual international symposium on Computer Architecture, ISCA

作者： S.C. Woo M. Ohara E. Torrie J.P. Singh A. Gupta Computer Systems Laboratory University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Department of Computer Science Princeton University Princeton NJ USA

The SPLASH-2 suite of parallel applications has recently been released to facilitate the study of centralized and distributed shared-address-space multiprocessors. In this context, the paper has two goals. One is to quantitatively characterize the SPLASH-2 programs in terms of fundamental properties and architectural interactions that are important to understand them well. The properties we study include the computational load balance, communication to computation ratio and traffic needs, important working set sizes, and issues related to spatial locality, as well as how these properties scale with problem size and the number of processors. The other, related goal is methodological: to assist people who will use the programs in architectural evaluations to prune the space of application and machine parameters in an informed and meaningful way. For example, by characterizing the working sets of the applications, we describe which operating points in terms of cache size and problem size are representative of realistic situations, which are not, and which re redundant. Using SPLASH-2 as an example, we hope to convey the importance of understanding the interplay of problem size, number of processors, and working sets in designing experiments and interpreting their results.

关键词： Permission Laboratories Context Delay distributed computing Computer science Graphics Application software Sensitivity analysis

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Metrics and techniques for automatic partitioning and assignment of object-based concurrent programs

Metrics and techniques for automatic partitioning and assign...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed processing (IPDPS)

作者： L.R. Welch B. Ravindran J. Henriques D.K. Hammer Department of Computer and Information Science New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA Mathematics and Computer Science Department Eindhovan University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands

The software crises is defined as the inability to meet the demands for new software systems, due to the slow rate at which systems can be developed. To address the crisis, object-based design and implementation techniques and domain models have been developed. However, object-based techniques do not address an additional problem that plagues systems engineers-the effective utilization of distributed and parallel hardware platforms. This problem is partly addressed by program partitioning languages that allow engineers to specify how software components should be partitioned and assigned to the nodes of concurrent computers. However, very little has been done to automate the tasks of partitioning and assignment at the task and object level of granularity. Thus, this paper describes automated techniques for distributed/parallel configuration of object-based applications, and demonstrates the technique on Ada programs. The granularity of partitioning is at the level of the Ada program unit (a program unit is an object, a class, a task, a package (possibly a generic template) or a subprogram). The partitioning is performed by constructing a call-rendezvous graph (CRG) for an application program. The nodes of the graph represent the program units, and the edges denote call and task interaction/rendezvous relationships. The CRG is augmented with edge weights depicting inter-program-unit communication relationships and concurrency relationships, resulting in a weighted CRG (WCRC). The partitioning algorithm repeatedly "cuts" edges of the WCRG with the goal of producing a set of partitions among which (1) there is a small amount of communication and (2) there is a large degree of potential for concurrent execution. Following the partitioning of the WCRG into tightly coupled clusters, a random neural network is employed to assign clusters to physical processors.

关键词： Concurrent computing Software systems Hardware Systems engineering and theory Packaging distributed computing Clustering algorithms Partitioning algorithms Neural networks Computer science

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The SPLASH-2 programs: characterization and methodological considerations 95

The SPLASH-2 programs: characterization and methodological c...

引用

Proceedings of the 22nd annual international symposium on Computer architecture

作者： Steven Cameron Woo Moriyoshi Ohara Evan Torrie Jaswinder Pal Singh Anoop Gupta Computer Systems Laboratory Stanford University Stanford CA Department of Computer Science Princeton University Princeton NJ

ISBN: (纸本)9780897916981

The SPLASH-2 suite of parallel applications has recently been released to facilitate the study of centralized and distributed shared-address-space multiprocessors. In this context, this paper has two goals. One is to quantitatively characterize the SPLASH-2 programs in terms of fundamental properties and architectural interactions that are important to understand them well. The properties we study include the computational load balance, communication to computation ratio and traffic needs, important working set sizes, and issues related to spatial locality, as well as how these properties scale with problem size and the number of processors. The other, related goal is methodological: to assist people who will use the programs in architectural evaluations to prune the space of application and machine parameters in an informed and meaningful way. For example, by characterizing the working sets of the applications, we describe which operating points in terms of cache size and problem size are representative of realistic situations, which are not, and which re redundant. Using SPLASH-2 as an example, we hope to convey the importance of understanding the interplay of problem size, number of processors, and working sets in designing experiments and interpreting their results.

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Hyper-distributed hyper-parallel heuristic AI processing based on dynamically clustering competition neural network

Hyper-distributed hyper-parallel heuristic AI processing bas...

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Proceedings of the international symposium on Information Theory & Its applications 1994. Part 1 (of 2)

作者： Shuai, Dianxun Watanabe, Yoichiro Doshisha Univ Kyoto Japan

This paper presents a new approach to the hyper-distributed hyper-parallel implementation of the artificial intelligent (AI) heuristic algorithms for real-time searching, matching and planning. By using the competitive activation mechanism of dynamically clustering neural networks, the concurrent propagations and competitions of concurrent autowaves yielded by distributed parallel heuristic AI algorithms for searching any implicit And/OR graph are realized. Compared with the AI approaches based on the conventional sequential symbolic logic and the conventional neural networks, the approach of this paper has many advantages in many respects, such as high processing speed, always successful obtainment of the optimal solution, local connections between cells, easy utilization of heuristic knowledge, and feasibility of the VLSI implementation.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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Hyper-distributed hyper-parallel heuristic AI processing based on chaotic cellular neural networks

Hyper-distributed hyper-parallel heuristic AI processing bas...

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Proceedings of the international symposium on Information Theory & Its applications 1994. Part 1 (of 2)

作者： Shuai, Dianxun Watanabe, Yoichiro Doshisha Univ Kyoto Japan

This paper presents a new approach A2, based on the bifurcations and synchronizations of two-layer two-dimension chaotic arrays composed of extended Chua's circuits. The approach can be used to implement the hyper-distributed hyper-parallel heuristic artificial intelligent (AI) algorithms for real-time searching, matching and planning. Not only has the approach A2 the same advantages as apapproach A1 based on dynamically clustering competitive neural networks has, but also does not need frequent phases-switching between the learning phases and propagating phases, and has much simpler structures than approach A1.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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