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13th IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed processing with applications

作者： Martinez, Hector Barrachina, Sergio Castillo, Maribel Tarraga, Joaquin Medina, Ignacio Dopazo, Joaquin Quintana-Orti, Enrique S. Jaume I Univ Comp Sci & Engn Dept Castellon de La Plana 12006 Spain Prince Felipe Res Ctr Genom Inst Valencia 46012 Spain Univ Cambridge HPC Serv Cambridge CB2 1TN England

ISBN: (纸本)9781467379526

In this paper we introduce a workflow-based aligner for fast and accurate mapping of short RNA sequences on a cluster of server nodes equipped with multicore processors. Our solution extends HPG Aligner BW, a sequencer that employs the Burrows-Wheeler transform to map a large number of RNA fragments (reads) rapidly, combined with the Smith-Waterman algorithm to deal with conflictive reads. HPG Aligner BW is organized as three consecutive workflows that incrementally build a meta-exon and a splice junctions structure with the information of mapped reads and discovered splice junctions, respectively. This information is in turn leveraged to align difficult reads that could not been mapped during previous stages. The message-passing extension of HPG Aligner BW distributes the workload among the nodes of a cluster, efficiently merging the partitioned meta-exon and splice junctions structures in order to preserve the aligner sensitivity, while exploiting multi-threading to take advantage of all the processor cores available in the servers.

关键词： RNA short-read alignment Burrows-Wheeler transform Smith-Waterman's algorithm high performance computing multicore processors clusters

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Special issue on computational finance

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CONCURRENCY And COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2014年第9期26卷 1607-1608页

作者： Thulasiram, Ruppa K. Parashar, Manish Univ Manitoba Dept Comp Sci Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada Rutgers State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Piscataway NJ 08854 USA

The March 2014 Special Issue of Concurrency and Computation Practice and Experience discusses papers that were presented at the 2nd international Workshop on parallel and distributed Computing in Finance (PDCoF) held in conjunction with The 23rd international parallel and distributed processing symposium (IPDPS). The authors of the paper Pricing Derivatives on GPUs Using Monte Carlo Simulation have implemented MC simulation on a GPU for pricing derivatives. The paper 'GPU pricing of exotic cross-currency interest rate derivatives with a foreign exchange volatility skew model' solves problems related to exchange rate fluctuation between currencies using an alternating direction implicit finite difference technique. The paper parallel computing strategies in the analysis of the inhibiting effect of price limits on futures prices uses a package called Regression Analysis of Time Series (RATS) for understanding the spread in the daily price variation.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods

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An Efficient Algorithm for Solving Eigenproblem 13

An Efficient Algorithm for Solving Eigenproblem

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13th international symposium on distributed Computing and applications to Business, Engineering and Science (DCABES)

作者： Zhang, Huirong Cao, Jianwen Chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Lab Parallel Software & Computat Sci Software Inst Software Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Software Lab Parallel Software & Computat Sci Software Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479941698

In this paper, we consider second order elliptic ODE eigenproblems on general grids. We construct an efficient algorithm for computing the eigenvalue by using weighted mean combination of the linear finite element method and corresponding 2nd-order finite difference method. We first take the arithmetic mean of the two methods. Then we compute the quasi-optimal combined parameters for different eigenvalues to improve our efficient algorithm. The algorithm we construct convergence faster and have higher accuracy than the linear finite element method and corresponding 2nd-order finite difference method. Some numerical examples tested on both uniform meshes and nonuniform meshes are given to illustrate the computational cost of different numerical methods for solving eigenvalue problems. For efficiency, all the matrices use sparse storage in our algorithm.

关键词： Efficient algorithm combinatorial quasi-optimal eigenproblem

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Elastic Management of Reconfigurable Accelerators 12

Elastic Management of Reconfigurable Accelerators

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12th IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed processing with applications (ISPA)

作者： Grigoras, Paul Tottenham, Max Niu, Xinyu Coutinho, Jose G. F. Luk, Wayne Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med Dept Comp London SW7 2AZ England

ISBN: (纸本)9781479942930

This paper presents a runtime system for reconfigurable accelerators that supports elastic management: it enables effective sharing of accelerator resources across multiple applications. For each application, this runtime system allocates an appropriate amount of resources to satisfy its quality-of-service requirements, while minimising the overall execution time for a collection of applications. The effectiveness of this runtime system is due to a set of scheduling algorithms and strategies customised for different types of workloads. We demonstrate our approach by implementing a dynamic Monte Carlo bond options pricing design.

关键词： Dynamicscheduling Elasticity Fieldprogrammablegatearrays Hydrogen Resourcemanagement Runtime Schedulingalgorithms Runtime elasticity Hydrogen Accelerators configurability execution time Scheduling algorithms Workload ELASTIC

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MobiStreams: A Reliable distributed Stream processing System for Mobile Devices

MobiStreams: A Reliable Distributed Stream Processing System...

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IEEE 28th international parallel & distributed processing symposium (IPDPS)

作者： Wang, Huayong Peh, Li-Shivan MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769552071

Multi-core phones are now pervasive. Yet, existing applications rely predominantly on a client-server computing paradigm, using phones only as thin clients, sending sensed information via the cellular network to servers for processing. This makes the cellular network the bottleneck, limiting overall application performance. In this paper, we propose MobiStreams, a distributed Stream processing System (DSPS) that runs directly on smartphones. MobiStreams can offload computing from remote servers to local phones and thus alleviate the pressure on the cellular network. Implementing DSPS on smartphones faces significant challenges: 1) multiple phones can readily fail simultaneously, and 2) the phones' ad-hoc WiFi network has low bandwidth. MobiStreams tackles these challenges through two new techniques: 1) token-triggered checkpointing, and 2) broadcast-based checkpointing. Our evaluations driven by two real world applications deployed in the US and Singapore show that migrating from a server platform to a smartphone platform eliminates the cellular network bottleneck, leading to 0.78 similar to 42.6X throughput increase and 10%similar to 94.8% latency decrease. Also, MobiStreams' fault tolerance scheme increases throughput by 230% and reduces latency by 40% vs. prior state-of-the-art fault-tolerant DSPSs.

关键词： stream computing mobile computing reliability

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HPC applications deployment on distributed heterogeneous computing platforms via OMF, OML and P2PDC

HPC Applications deployment on distributed heterogeneous com...

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22nd Euromicro international Conference on parallel, distributed, and Network-Based processing (PDP)

作者： El Baz, Didier The Tung Nguyen Jourjon, Guillaume Rakotoarivelo, Thierry CNRS LAAS F-31077 Toulouse France Univ Toulouse Toulouse France NICTA Eveleigh NSW Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479927289

A new tool and web portal are presented for deployment of High Performance Computing applications on distributed heterogeneous computing platforms. This tool relies on the decentralized environment P2PDC and the OMF and OML multithreaded control, instrumentation and measurement libraries. Deployment on PlanetLab of a numerical simulation application is studied. A first series of computational results is displayed and analyzed.

关键词： component HPC heterogeneous computing peer-to-peer computing application deployment PlanetLab numerical simulation asynchronous iterations

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A parallel Framework for Object Detection and Recognition for Secure Vehicle Parking

A Parallel Framework for Object Detection and Recognition fo...

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IEEE international Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC)

作者： Zahid Mahmood Muhammad Usman Shahid Khan Muhammad Jawad Samee U. Khan Laurence T. Yang Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering North Dakota State University USA North Dakota State University Fargo ND US Department of Computer Science St. Francis Xavier University Antigonish NS Canada

Image analytics, biometrics access control, security, and surveillance applications utilize complex machine learning and computer vision algorithms, such as face detection andrecognition. Speedup and accuracy are two important factors that need to be addressed in all such complex applications. parallel computing breaks down the complex tasks into discrete fragments to be solved concurrently on multiple processors. The parallel computing procedure significantly reduces the executiontime with improved speedup. This paper presents a parallel framework for object detection and recognition for a secure vehicle parking. The proposed framework is divided in to three steps: (1) vehicle detection at the parking entry junction, (2)driver's face detection, and (3) identification of driver's face from the huge database of stored facial images. On successful identification of authorized person, vehicle is allowed to enter inthe parking-lot. The adaptive boosting algorithm is used for vehicle and face detection, while Eigenfaces based approach is employed for face recognition. Moreover, the scalability comparison of parallely executed driver face recognition algorithm indicates high speedup compared to serial execution. Furthermore, the results of the proposed framework reveal promising performance and encourage outcomes to be deployed in real-time at entrance/exits of the public/private vehicle parking areas.

关键词： Vehicles Face Face recognition Training Face detection Object detection parallel processing

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parallel iterative solution of the Hermite Collocation equations on GPUs II

Parallel iterative solution of the Hermite Collocation equat...

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2nd international Conference on Mathematical Modeling in Physical Sciences (IC-MSQUARE)

作者： Vilanakis, N. Mathioudakis, E. Tech Univ Crete Dept Sci Khania 73100 Crete Greece

Hermite Collocation is a high order finite element method for Boundary Value Problems modelling applications in several fields of science and engineering. Application of this integration free numerical solver for the solution of linear BVPs results in a large and sparse general system of algebraic equations, suggesting the usage of an efficient iterative solver especially for realistic simulations. In part I of this work an efficient parallel algorithm of the Schur complement method coupled with Bi-Conjugate Gradient Stabilized (BiCGSTAB) iterative solver has been designed for multicore computing architectures with a Graphics processing Unit (GPU). In the present work the proposed algorithm has been extended for high performance computing environments consisting of multiprocessor machines with multiple GPUs. Since this is a distributed GPU and shared CPU memory parallel architecture, a hybrid memory treatment is needed for the development of the parallel algorithm. The realization of the algorithm took place on a multiprocessor machine HP SL390 with Tesla M2070 GPUs using the OpenMP and OpenACC standards. Execution time measurements reveal the efficiency of the parallel implementation.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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F2C2-STM: Flux-based Feedback-driven Concurrency Control for STMs

F2C2-STM: Flux-based Feedback-driven Concurrency Control for...

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IEEE 28th international parallel & distributed processing symposium (IPDPS)

作者： Ravichandran, Kaushik Pande, Santosh Georgia Inst Technol Coll Comp Atlanta GA 30332 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769552071

Software Transactional Memory (STM) systems provide an easy to use programming model for concurrent code and have been found suitable for parallelizing many applications providing performance gains with minimal programmer effort. With increasing core counts on modern processors one would expect increasing benefits. However, we observe that running STM applications on higher core counts is sometimes, in fact, detrimental to performance. This is due to the larger number of conflicts that arise with a larger number of parallel cores. As the number of cores available on processors steadily rise, a larger number of applications are beginning to exhibit these characteristics. In this paper we propose a novel dynamic concurrency control technique which can significantly improve performance (up to 50%) as well as resource utilization (up to 85%) for these applications at higher core counts. Our technique uses ideas borrowed from TCP's network congestion control algorithm and uses self-induced concurrency fluctuations to dynamically monitor and match varying concurrency levels in applications while minimizing global synchronization. Our flux-based feedback-driven concurrency control technique is capable of fully recovering the performance of the best statically chosen concurrency specification (as chosen by an oracle) regardless of the initial specification for several real world applications. Further, our technique can actually improve upon the performance of the oracle chosen specification by more than 10% for certain applications through dynamic adaptation to available parallelism. We demonstrate our approach on the STAMP benchmark suite while reporting significant performance and resource utilization benefits. We also demonstrate significantly better performance when comparing against state of the art concurrency control and scheduling techniques. Further, our technique is programmer friendly as it requires no changes to application code and no offline phases.

关键词： software transactional memory transactions concurrency control feedback-driven

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An Accelerated Recursive Doubling Algorithm for Block Tridiagonal Systems

An Accelerated Recursive Doubling Algorithm for Block Tridia...

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IEEE 28th international parallel & distributed processing symposium (IPDPS)

作者： Seal, Sudip K. Oak Ridge Natl Lab Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769552071

Block tridiagonal systems of linear equations arise in a wide variety of scientific and engineering applications. Recursive doubling algorithm is a well-known prefix computation-based numerical algorithm that requires O(M-3 (N/P + logP)) work to compute the solution of a block tridiagonal system with N block rows and block size M on P processors. In real-world applications, solutions of tridiagonal systems are most often sought with multiple, often hundreds and thousands, of different right hand sides but with the same tridiagonal matrix. Here, we show that a recursive doubling algorithm is sub-optimal when computing solutions of block tridiagonal systems with multiple right hand sides and present a novel algorithm, called the accelerated recursive doubling algorithm, that delivers O(R) improvement when solving block tridiagonal systems with R distinct right hand sides. Since R is typically similar to 10(2) - 10(4), this improvement translates to very significant speedups in practice. Detailed complexity analyses of the new algorithm with empirical confirmation of runtime improvements are presented. To the best of our knowledge, this algorithm has not been reported before in the literature.

关键词： block tridiagonal matrix cyclic reduction prefix computation parallel solver

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