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Spatial/temporal relation computing technology for multimedia presentation designs

Spatial/temporal relation computing technology for multimedi...

引用

The 1998 31st Annual Hawaii International conference on System Sciences, HICSS-31

作者： Shih, Timothy K. Wang, Y.H. Kuo, C.H. Deng, Lawrence Y. Jiang, D.R. Pai, Wen C. Wang, C.C. Tamkang Univ Tamsui Taiwan

Relations among temporal intervals can be used to assist the automatic generation of multimedia presentations. In this paper, we analyze the domains of interval temporal relations. A set of algorithms is proposed to derive reasonable relations between intervals. Possible conflicts in the user specification are firstly detected and eliminated. Our mechanism then constructs partial order relations among temporal intervals before the presentation time chart is built. The algorithm is extended for objects in an arbitrary n-dimensional space. Thus, presentation layouts in a 2-D space, or Virtual Reality object representations in a 3-D space can be constructed. We use our algorithms to design a reasoning system that generates the schedule and layout of multimedia presentations. The main contributions of this paper are in its theoretical analysis of interval relation composition and a systematic approach for automation. We hope that, with our analysis and algorithms, the knowledge underlying temporal interval relations can be used in many computer applications, especially those in multimedia computing.

关键词： Interactive computer graphics

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Test-time Adversarial Detection and Robustness for Localizing Humans Using Ultra Wide Band Channel Impulse Responses 31

Test-time Adversarial Detection and Robustness for Localizin...

引用

31st European Signal Processing conference, EUSIPCO 2023

作者： Kolli, Abhiram Mirza, Muhammad Jehanzeb Possegger, Horst Bischof, Horst Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9789464593600

Keyless entry systems in cars are adopting neural networks for localizing its operators. Using test-time adversarial defences equip such systems with the ability to defend against adversarial attacks without prior training on adversarial samples. We propose a test-time adversarial example detector which detects the input adversarial example through quantifying the localized intermediate responses of a pre-trained neural network and confidence scores of an auxiliary softmax layer. Furthermore, in order to make the network robust, we extenuate the non-relevant features by non-iterative input sample clipping. Using our approach, mean performance over 15 levels of adversarial perturbations is increased by 53.3% for the fast gradient sign method and 60.9% for both the basic iterative method and the projected gradient method when compared to adversarial training. © 2023 European Signal Processing conference, EUSIPCO. All rights reserved.

关键词： Impulse response

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HyperSack: Distributed Hyperparameter Optimization for Deep Learning using Resource-Aware Scheduling on Heterogeneous GPU Systems 31

HyperSack: Distributed Hyperparameter Optimization for Deep ...

引用

31st Annual IEEE International conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics, HiPC 2024

作者： Alnaasan, Nawras Ramesh, Bharath Yao, Jinghan Shafi, Aamir Subramoni, Hari Panda, Dhabaleswar K. Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509095

Hyperparameter Optimization (HPO) can unlock the full potential of Deep Learning (DL) models;however, it is considered one of the most compute-intensive tasks in the DL domain due to multi-dimensional search spaces and complex neural network architectures. A common method for accelerating HPO workloads is parallelizing training jobs on multiple computing devices, such as modern GPUs in High-Performance Computing (HPC) environments. Nonetheless, existing HPO parallelization strategies underutilize powerful GPU devices, like the NVIDIA A100 and H100, especially for training lightweight Deep Neural Networks. Resource-sharing mechanisms can improve GPU utilization;nonetheless, naïve adaptations for HPO workloads lead to poor performance. Therefore, we propose HyperSack—a distributed HPO framework for dynamic and resource-aware scheduling on heterogeneous GPU-based HPC systems with resource elasticity and fault tolerance. HyperSack reduces the execution time of HPO workloads by orchestrating the placement of DL training jobs on GPU devices with different computational capabilities. It supports different hardware architectures, HPO workloads, and scheduling policies. Our evaluations on vision and language models HPO workloads show up to 2.8x performance improvement in execution time on A100 GPUs, 4.0x on H100 GPUs, and 3.9x on a combination of 12 A100 and 4 H100 GPUs using HyperSack over standard HPO parallelization methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： graphics processing unit

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Frequent subtree mining on the automata processor: Challenges and opportunities 17

Frequent subtree mining on the automata processor: Challenge...

引用

31st ACM International conference on Supercomputing, ICS 2017

作者： Sadredini, Elaheh Rahimi, Reza Wang, Ke Skadron, Kevin Dept. of Computer Science University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Eng. University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450350204

Frequency counting of complex patterns such as subtrees is more challenging than for simple itemsets and sequences, as the number of possible candidate patterns in a tree is much higher than one-dimensional data structures, with dramatically higher processing times. In this paper, we propose a new and scalable solution for frequent subtree mining (FTM) on the Automata Processor (AP), a new and highly parallel accelerator architecture. We present a multi-stage pruning framework on the AP, called AP-FTM, to reduce the search space of FTM candidates. This achieves up to 353X speedup at the cost of a small reduction in accuracy, on four realworld and synthetic datasets, when compared with PatternMatcher, a practical and exact CPU solution. To provide a fully accurate and still scalable solution, we propose a hybrid method to combine AP-FTM with a CPU exact-matching approach, and achieve up to 262x speedup over PatternMatcher on a challenging database. We also develop a GPU algorithm for FTM, but show that the AP also outperforms this. The results on a synthetic database show the AP advantage grows further with larger datasets. © 2017 Association for Computing Machinery.

关键词： graphics processing unit

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SPIRIT: A framework for creating distributed recursive tree applications 17

SPIRIT: A framework for creating distributed recursive tree ...

引用

31st ACM International conference on Supercomputing, ICS 2017

作者： Hegde, Nikhil Liu, Jianqiao Kulkarni, Milind School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450350204

An important set of applications, from diverse domains such as cosmological simulations, data mining, and computer graphics, involve repeated, depth-first traversal of trees. As these applications operate over massive data sets, it is often necessary to distribute the trees to process all of the data. In this paper, we introduce SPIRIT, a framework to ease the writing of distributed tree applications. SPIRIT automates the challenging tasks of tree distribution, optimizing communication and parallelizing independent computations. The common algorithmic pattern in tree traversals is exploited to effectively schedule parallel computations and improve locality. As a result, we identify systematic ways of exploiting pipeline parallelism in these applications and show how this parallelism can be complemented by selective application of data parallelism to provide greater speed-ups without requiring excessive data replication. SPIRIT is packaged into a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) that developers can use to create scalable applications. Evaluation of SPIRIT on various tree traversal algorithms shows a scalable system. We also find that SPIRIT implementations perform substantially less communication and achieve significant performance improvements over implementations in other distributed graph systems, and are competitive against state-of-the-art, handtuned, application-specific implementations. © 2017 Association for Computing Machinery.

关键词： Data mining

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Realistic simulation of synthetic images on computer monitors based on the color appearance model CIECAM02 31

Realistic simulation of synthetic images on computer monitor...

引用

31st International conference on computer graphics and Vision, GraphiCon 2021

作者： Budak, Vladimir Emelianova, Ekaterina National Research University "MPEI" Krasnokazarmennaya 14 Moscow111250 Russia National University of Science and Technology "MISiS" Leninskiy Prospekt 4 Moscow119991 Russia

The theory of global illumination and computer programs based on it allows calculating the light field accurately in an arbitrary three-dimensional lighting scene. However, the output of the visualization of the light field spatial-angular distribution to the display screen in the form of an image is inevitably associated with scaling the luminance and color of the image pixels to the computer display dynamic range. To date, a color appearance model was created in colorimetry. This model allows recalculating the image pixels' color for viewing conditions other than the original ones preserving the image's visual perception. This model is approved by the CIE (International Commission on Illumination) as a standard model under the name CIECAM02. In this paper, the CIECAM02 algorithm model is implemented, and a study of designing a lighting system for lighting a theater stage to create an atmosphere of sunset is carried out. Modeling the lighting system is performed in the DIALux evo program, which is the de facto standard of design in lighting engineering. The correspondence of the visualization of the stage lighting to the feeling of sunset is analyzed based on expert assessments. The research allows us to recommend the inclusion of the CIECAM02 model in the algorithms for visualizing the image of three-dimensional lighting scenes. © 2021 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Lighting

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Using ThermoNet, a web-based learning-resource, for teaching thermodynamics

Using ThermoNet, a web-based learning-resource, for teaching...

引用

Frontiers in Education (FIE) conference

作者： D. Baker Humboldt State University Arcata CA USA

ThermoNet is a web-based learning resource being developed for introductory thermodynamic classes. The resource emphasizes instructional techniques that cannot be achieved using traditional textbooks, including the use of interaction, animations, and movies. The feasibility of replacing traditional lectures with computer-based instruction using tutorials in ThermoNet is explored, as are the advantages and disadvantages of having students work individually versus in groups on a tutorial. Three thermodynamics classes during the spring 2001 semester were held in a computer lab where the students worked through a specific tutorial rather than listen to a lecture. Qualitative feedback on this technology obtained both from a questionnaire administered by the instructor and from an evaluation conducted by an independent evaluator are presented.

关键词： Thermodynamics graphics Animation Motion pictures computer aided instruction Feedback springs Conducting materials Engineering education Meetings

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Rare traffic signs recognition 31

Rare traffic signs recognition

引用

31st International conference on computer graphics and Vision, GraphiCon 2021

作者： Badmaev, Tingir Shakhuro, Vlad Konushin, Anton Lomonosov Moscow State University 1-52 Leninskiye Gory Moscow119991 Russia NRU Higher School of Economics 11 Pokrovsky boulevard Moscow109028 Russia Samsung AI Center 5-C Lesnaya street Moscow125047 Russia

Recognition of road signs is an important part of the control systems of autonomous vehicles and driver assistance systems. Modern recognition methods based on neural networks require large well-labeled datasets. Marking up data is quite expensive, but it is even more difficult to mark up rare classes of objects. To solve this problem in this article, we use synthetic data. We improve the marking of the Russian traffic signs dataset (RTSD) in semi-automatic mode adding 9 thousand new road signs. We perform an experimental evaluation of the currently best classifiers and detectors in the task of recognizing road signs. To improve the performance of classification, we use stochastic weight averaging (SWA) and contrastive loss. The use of modern methods allows us to train a high-quality neural network on synthetic data, which was previously impossible, and significantly improves the metrics of recognition of both rare and frequent road signs. © 2021 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： computer vision

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Accelerated Multilevel Graph Partitioning on GPUs 31

Accelerated Multilevel Graph Partitioning on GPUs

引用

31st IEEE International conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics Workshops, HiPCW 2024

作者： Singh, Amitesh Dhorajiya, Bhakti Jatala, Vishwesh Department of CSE IIT Bhilai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509118

Graph partitioning is a long-standing research problem and has applications in various domains, such as data mining, scientific computing, VLSI design. For many years researchers have been focusing on improving the performance of graph partitioning using multi-core CPUs and accelerators like GPUs. However, efficient implementation of graph partitioning on GPU is a challenge. This is because graphs exhibit irregular behavior whereas GPUs follow SIMD execution patterns and GPUs have various resources and efficient utilization is the key to improving the performance. This paper aims to provide an efficient GPU based implementation of multi-level graph partitioning scheme. We provide GPU implementations of coarsening, partitioning, and refinement phases of the algorithm, to improve the overall performance of the graph partitioning scheme. We evaluated our implementation on various real-world datasets, and we observed a significant improvement in the performance when compared to the baseline METIS. © 2024 IEEE

关键词： computer graphics equipment

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Influence of the tool visibility and the object highlighting when interacting with a virtual object in a VR environment 31

Influence of the tool visibility and the object highlighting...

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31st International conference on computer graphics and Vision, GraphiCon 2021

作者： Averbukh, Natalya starodubtsev, Illya Ural Federal University 19 Mira street Yekaterinburg620002 Russia 16 S.Kovalevskaya Str. Yekaterinburg620108 Russia

Interaction methods with virtual objects are an important issue for the development of VR. The user experience directly depends on the success of interactions with virtual objects and the environment. Therefore, the factors affecting the effectiveness of human-computer interaction has become a hotspot in this field. The paper describes an experiment focused on the influence of different visibility conditions of the interaction tool and the highlighting of a virtual object of interaction (with indirect interaction). We present the conditions, methodology and results of this study. The influence of different levels of abstraction of objects is considered: from geometric bodies (balls and parallelepipeds) to cartoon fruits, and photo realistic objects after then. For these conditions, a classical two-factor experiment is carried out, in which the first factor is the visibility of the control beam, and the second is the visibility of the highlighting of the captured object. The influence of one of these factors or their combination on the success of the movement of the captured object is expected. The success is determined by the time of movement (the less time, the more successful) and the optimality of the trajectory. The formula is proposed that determines the optimality of the trajectory. It is surprising that the movement of an already captured object is not affected by any of the above factors. Apparently, it is necessary to carefully study the capture process itself, not including the post-capture movement in the calculation. © 2021 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Human computer interaction

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