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26 篇 会议

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检索条件"任意字段=35th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, PLDI 2014"

共 26 条记录，以下是11-20 订阅

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What exactly is inexact computation good for?

What exactly is inexact computation good for?

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Palem, Krishna Rice Univ Dept Comp Sci Houston TX 77251 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Our willingness to deliberately trade accuracy of computing systems for significant resource savings, notably energy consumption, got a boost from two directions. First, energy (or power, the more popularly used measure) consumption started emerging as a serious hurdle to our ability to continue scaling the complexity of processors, and thus enable ever richer computing applications. this "energy hurdle" spanned the gamut from large data-centers to portable embedded computing systems. Second, many believed that an engine of growth that supported scaling, captured by Gordon Moore's remarkable prophecy (Moore's law), was headed towards an irrevocable cliff edge - when this happens, our ability to produce computing systems whose hardware would support precise or exact computing would diminish greatly. In this talk which emphasizes the physical and hardware layers of abstraction where all of these troubles start (after all energy is rooted in thermodynamics), I will first review reasons that compelled and encouraged us to consider trading accuracy for energy savings deliberately resulting in inexact computing. Copyright © 2014 acm.

关键词： Algorithms design languages Performance Inexact or approximate computing power efficiency energy efficiency

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Adaptive, Efficient, Parallel Execution of Parallel Programs 14

Adaptive, Efficient, Parallel Execution of Parallel Programs

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Sridharan, Srinath Gupta, Gagan Sohi, Gurindar S. Univ Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Future multicore processors will be heterogeneous, be increasingly less reliable, and operate in dynamically changing operating conditions. Such environments will result in a constantly varying pool of hardware resources which can greatly complicate the task of efficiently exposing a program's parallelism onto these resources. Coupled with this uncertainty is the diverse set of efficiency metrics that users may desire. this paper proposes Varuna, a system that dynamically, continuously, rapidly and transparently adapts a program's parallelism to best match the instantaneous capabilities of the hardware resources while satisfying different efficiency metrics. Varuna is applicable to both multithreaded and task-based programs and can be seamlessly inserted between the program and the operating system without needing to change the source code of either. We demonstrate Varuna's effectiveness in diverse execution environments using unaltered C/C++ parallel programs from various benchmark suites. Regardless of the execution environment, Varuna always outperformed the state-of-the-art approaches for the efficiency metrics considered.

关键词： design Experimentation Measurement Performance Autotuning parallel programming performance portability performance tuning run-time optimization

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A Lightweight Symbolic Virtual Machine for Solver-Aided Host languages 14

A Lightweight Symbolic Virtual Machine for Solver-Aided Host...

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Torlak, Emina Bodik, Rastislav Univ Calif Berkeley Berkeley CA 94608 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Solver-aided domain-specific languages (SDSLs) are an emerging class of computer-aided programming systems. they ease the construction of programs by using satisfiability solvers to automate tasks such as verification, debugging, synthesis, and non-deterministic execution. But reducing programming tasks to satisfiability problems involves translating programs to logical constraints, which is an engineering challenge even for domain-specific languages. We have previously shown that translation to constraints can be avoided if SDSLs are implemented by (traditional) embedding into a host language that is itself solver-aided. this paper describes how to implement a symbolic virtual machine (SVM) for such a host language. Our symbolic virtual machine is lightweight because it compiles to constraints only a small subset of the host's constructs, while allowing SDSL designers to use the entire language, including constructs for DSL embedding. this lightweight compilation employs a novel symbolic execution technique with two key properties: it produces compact encodings, and it enables concrete evaluation to strip away host constructs that are outside the subset compilable to constraints. Our symbolic virtual machine architecture is at the heart of ROSETTE, a solver-aided language that is host to several new SDSLs.

关键词： design languages Solver-Aided languages Symbolic Virtual Machine

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Globally Precise-restartable Execution of Parallel Programs 14

Globally Precise-restartable Execution of Parallel Programs

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Gupta, Gagan Sridharan, Srinath Sohi, Gurindar S. Univ Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Emerging trends in computer design and use are likely to make exceptions, once rare, the norm, especially as the system size grows. Due to exceptions, arising from hardware faults, approximate computing, dynamic resource management, etc., successful and error-free execution of programs may no longer be assured. Yet, designers will want to tolerate the exceptions so that the programs execute completely, efficiently and without external intervention. Modern computers easily handle exceptions in sequential programs, using precise interrupts. But they are ill-equipped to handle exceptions in parallel programs, which are growing in prevalence. In this work we introduce the notion of globally precise-restartable execution of parallel programs, analogous to precise-interruptible execution of sequential programs. We present a software runtime recovery system based on the approach to handle exceptions in suitably-written parallel programs. Qualitative and quantitative analyses show that the proposed system scales with the system size, especially when exceptions are frequent, unlike the conventional checkpoint-and-recovery method.

关键词： design Experimentation Measurement Performance Reliability Deterministic Multithreading Precise Exceptions

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DOPPIO: Breaking the Browser language Barrier 14

DOPPIO: Breaking the Browser Language Barrier

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Vilk, John Berger, Emery D. Univ Massachusetts Sch Comp Sci Amherst MA 01003 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Web browsers have become a de facto universal operating system, and JavaScript its instruction set. Unfortunately, running other languages in the browser is not generally possible. Translation to JavaScript is not enough because browsers are a hostile environment for other languages. Previous approaches are either non-portable or require extensive modifications for programs to work in a browser. this paper presents DOPPIO, a JavaScript-based runtime system that makes it possible to run unaltered applications written in general-purpose languages directly inside the browser. DOPPIO provides a wide range of runtime services, including a file system that enables local and external (cloud-based) storage, an unmanaged heap, sockets, blocking I/O, and multiple threads. We demonstrate DOPPIO's usefulness with two case studies: we extend Emscripten with DOPPIO, letting it run an unmodified C++ application in the browser with full functionality, and present DOPPIOJVM, an interpreter that runs unmodified JVM programs directly in the browser. While substantially slower than a native JVM (between 24 x and 42 x slower on CPU-intensive benchmarks in Google Chrome), DOPPIOJVM makes it feasible to directly reuse existing, non compute-intensive code.

关键词： languages design Web Browsers programming languages JVM Operating Systems JavaScript

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Improving JavaScript Performance by Deconstructing the Type System 14

Improving JavaScript Performance by Deconstructing the Type ...

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Ahn, Wonsun Choi, Jiho Shull, thomas Garzaran, Maria J. Torrellas, Josep Univ Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Increased focus on Java Script performance has resulted in vast performance improvements for many benchmarks. However, for actual code used in websites, the attained improvements often lag far behind those for popular benchmarks. this paper shows that the main reason behind this shortfall is how the compiler understands types. Java Script has no concept of types, but the compiler assigns types to objects anyway for ease of code generation. We examine the way that the Chrome V8 compiler defines types, and identify two design decisions that are the main reasons for the lack of improvement: (1) the inherited prototype object is part of the current object's type definition, and (2) method bindings are also part of the type definition. these requirements make types very unpredictable, which hinders type specialization by the compiler. Hence, we modify V8 to remove these requirements, and use it to compile the Java Script code assembled by JSBench from real websites. On average, we reduce the execution time of JSBench by 36%, and the dynamic instruction count by 49%.

关键词： design languages Performance Java Script Scripting language Dynamic Typing Type Specialization Hidden Class Inline Caching Prototype

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Test-Driven Synthesis 14

Test-Driven Synthesis

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Perelman, Daniel Gulwani, Sumit Grossman, Dan Provost, Peter Univ Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA Microsoft Corp Mountain View CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

programming-by-example technologies empower end-users to create simple programs merely by providing input/output examples. Existing systems are designed around solvers specialized for a specific set of data types or domain-specific language (DSL). We present a program synthesizer which can be parameterized by an arbitrary DSL that may contain conditionals and loops and therefore is able to synthesize programs in any domain. In order to use our synthesizer, the user provides a sequence of increasingly sophisticated input/output examples along with an expert-written DSL definition. these two inputs correspond to the two key ideas that allow our synthesizer to work in arbitrary domains. First, we developed a novel iterative synthesis technique inspired by test-driven development-which also gives our technique the name of test-driven synthesis-where the input/output examples are consumed one at a time as the program is refined. Second, the DSL allows our system to take an efficient component-based approach to enumerating possible programs. We present applications of our synthesis methodology to end-user programming for transformations over strings, XML, and table layouts. We compare our synthesizer on these applications to state-of-the-art DSL-specific synthesizers as well to the general purpose synthesizer Sketch.

关键词： languages Experimentation program synthesis end-user programming test driven development

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Expressing and Verifying Probabilistic Assertions 14

Expressing and Verifying Probabilistic Assertions

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Sampson, Adrian Panchekha, Pavel Mytkowicz, Todd McKinley, Kathryn S. Grossman, Dan Ceze, Luis Univ Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Traditional assertions express correctness properties that must hold on every program execution. However, many applications have probabilistic outcomes and consequently their correctness properties are also probabilistic (e. g., they identify faces in images, consume sensor data, or run on unreliable hardware). Traditional assertions do not capture these correctness properties. this paper proposes that programmers express probabilistic correctness properties with probabilistic assertions and describes a new probabilistic evaluation approach to efficiently verify these assertions. Probabilistic assertions are Boolean expressions that express the probability that a property will be true in a given execution rather than asserting that the property must always be true. Given either specific inputs or distributions on the input space, probabilistic evaluation verifies probabilistic assertions by first performing distribution extraction to represent the program as a Bayesian network. Probabilistic evaluation then uses statistical properties to simplify this representation to efficiently compute assertion probabilities directly or with sampling. Our approach is a mix of both static and dynamic analysis: distribution extraction statically builds and optimizes the Bayesian network representation and sampling dynamically interprets this representation. We implement our approach in a tool called MAYHAP for C and C++ programs. We evaluate expressiveness, correctness, and performance of MAYHAP on programs that use sensors, perform approximate computation, and obfuscate data for privacy. Our case studies demonstrate that probabilistic assertions describe useful correctness properties and that MAYHAP efficiently verifies them.

关键词： languages Reliability Probabilistic programming approximate computing data obfuscation differential privacy sensors symbolic execution

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Slicing Probabilistic Programs 14

Slicing Probabilistic Programs

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Hur, Chung-Kil Nori, Aditya V. Rajamani, Sriram K. Samuel, Selva Seoul Natl Univ Seoul 151 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Probabilistic programs use familiar notation of programming languages to specify probabilistic models. Suppose we are interested in estimating the distribution of the return expression r of a probabilistic program P. We are interested in slicing the probabilistic program P and obtaining a simpler program SLI (P) which retains only those parts of P that are relevant to estimating r, and elides those parts of P that are not relevant to estimating r. We desire that the SLI transformation be both correct and efficient. By correct, we mean that P and SLI (P) have identical estimates on r. By efficient, we mean that estimation over SLI (P) be as fast as possible. We show that the usual notion of program slicing, which traverses control and data dependencies backward from the return expression r, is unsatisfactory for probabilistic programs, since it produces incorrect slices on some programs and sub-optimal ones on others. Our key insight is that in addition to the usual notions of control dependence and data dependence that are used to slice non-probabilistic programs, a new kind of dependence called observe dependence arises naturally due to observe statements in probabilistic programs. We propose a new definition of SLI (P) which is both correct and efficient for probabilistic programs, by including observe dependence in addition to control and data dependences for computing slices. We prove correctness mathematically, and we demonstrate efficiency empirically. We show that by applying the SLI transformation as a pre-pass, we can improve the efficiency of probabilistic inference, not only in our own inference tool R2, but also in other systems for performing inference such as Church and Infer. NET.

关键词： Probabilistic programming Program Slicing Bayesian Reasoning

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Maximal Sound Predictive Race Detection with Control Flow Abstraction 14

Maximal Sound Predictive Race Detection with Control Flow Ab...

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (pldi)

作者： Huang, Jeff Meredith, Patrick O'Neil Rosu, Grigore Univ Illinois Dept Comp Sci Urbana IL 61801 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Despite the numerous static and dynamic program analysis techniques in the literature, data races remain one of the most common bugs in modern concurrent software. Further, the techniques that do exist either have limited detection capability or are unsound, meaning that they report false positives. We present a sound race detection technique that achieves a provably higher detection capability than existing sound techniques. A key insight of our technique is the inclusion of abstracted control flow information into the execution model, which increases the space of the causal model permitted by classical happens-before or causally-precedes based detectors. By encoding the control flow and a minimal set of feasibility constraints as a group of first-order logic formulae, we formulate race detection as a constraint solving problem. Moreover, we formally prove that our formulation achieves the maximal possible detection capability for any sound dynamic race detector with respect to the same input trace under the sequential consistency memory model. We demonstrate via extensive experimentation that our technique detects more races than the other state-of-the-art sound race detection techniques, and that it is scalable to executions of real world concurrent applications with tens of millions of critical events. these experiments also revealed several previously unknown races in real systems (e. g., Eclipse) that have been confirmed or fixed by the developers. Our tool is also adopted by Eclipse developers.

关键词： Algorithms design theory Maximal Sound Data Race Prediction Control Flow

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