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Tool condition monitoring using laser scatter pattern

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY 1997年第1-3期63卷 205-210页

作者： Wong, YS Nee, AYC Li, XQ Reisdorf, C RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN AACHEN GERMANY

Tool condition monitoring is crucial to the efficient operation of any machining processes where the cutting tool is in constant or intermittent contact with the workpiece material and is subject to continuous wear. It is an important function for unattended operation of CNC machine tools and satisfactory operation of flexible machining cells. Most tool condition monitoring techniques employ force, spindle motor torque, current or power, and acoustic emission signals, or a combination of these signals, during machining. There are also commercially available CNC systems that provide optional tool condition monitoring features using signals from the motor current or power. Most of these systems are suitable for machining in the roughing range. This paper presents an optical method using the scatter pattern of reflected laser light for the monitoring of tool condition in the roughing to near-finishing range. The scatter pattern is formed by a low-power laser beam that is reflected from the surface of the workpiece. It is captured with a digital camera and processed using suitable image processing techniques. Two vision-based optical parameters are used to characterize the scatter pattern: the mean and standard deviation of the intensity distribution in the region of interest (ROI) captured by the digital camera. The initial attempt at monitoring the tool condition is to first correlate the surface finish of the workpiece with the optical parameters and then correlate the surface finish with the tool condition. However, from the analysis of the intensity distribution of the scatter patterns, surface finish and tool wear results, it has been found that the surface finish of the machined components does not have consistent correlations with both the optical parameters nor tool wear. On the other hand, there is quite good correlation between the standard deviation parameter and tool wear. The above results and the possible approach to use the scatter pattern for tool condi

关键词： laser scattering tool condition monitoring tool wear

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RESEARCH OF ORIENTED pattern SPECTRUM

RESEARCH OF ORIENTED PATTERN SPECTRUM

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1996 3rd International conference on Signal Processing(ICSP’96)

作者： Zheng Yi Jiang Gangyi Choi Tae Yong Institute of Artificial Intelligence & Pattern Recognition Shantou University School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Ajou University

ISBN: (纸本)0780329120

In this paper,a new oriented pattern spectrum is presented,and its properties are *** can represent well the information of shape in certain direction,which is different from that proposed by Petros Maragos,and can be properly used in shape analysis.A practical method of extracting the oriented pattern spectrum in noisy binary image is developed,and an efficient distance function is presented to recognize different shapes with their new oriented pattern *** a practical application,the oriented pattern spectrums are used to recognize warning traffic signs on roads

关键词： RESEARCH OF ORIENTED pattern SPECTRUM

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Identification of pelagic eggs by image analysis

Identification of pelagic eggs by image analysis

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3rd International conference on Signal Processing (ICSP 96)

作者： Liao, QM Chehdi, K Lin, XG Zhang, YJ Tsinghua Univ Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)7505338900

In this paper, a pelagic egg identification system by image analysis is proposed. The egg image is obtained using a camera coupled with a microscope. In order to extract the meaningful structures of egg, the edge map of egg image is used. Our edge detection method consists of two steps: 1. mark on four edge maps the potential edge positions corresponding to the local maxima of gradients in four directions;2. identify the true edge positions in accordance with the local facet orientation and aggregate them into an edge map with some spatial pattern of regularity. Since the most of these structures (except the embryo) have circular shapes, a circle detection method using the Hough transform is proposed, where the problem of circle overdetection in a possible site is resolved. An embryo segmentation method is also developed. Based on some criteria of identification defined on the parameters extracted from the structures detected, the pelagic eggs are then classified into the corresponding categories and the corresponding stages of development. The experimental result is also presented in the paper.

关键词： image analysis

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A fast recursive algorithm for two-dimensional thresholding

A fast recursive algorithm for two-dimensional thresholding

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3rd International conference on Signal Processing (ICSP 96)

作者： Gong, J Li, LY Chen, WN National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Research Institute of Automation South-East University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)7505338900

Two-Dimensional (2D) thresholding behaves well in segmenting images of low siginal-to-noise ratio. But the computation complexity of the conventional 2D entropic algorithm is bounded by O(L(4)). In this paper, firstly: a fast recursive 2D entropic thresholding algorithm is proposed. By rewriting the formula for calculation of entropy in recurrence form, a great much of calculation is saved. analysis shows that the computation complexity of 2D entropic thresholding is reduced to O(L(2)). The fast recursive algorithm is also used successfully in 2D Otsu method. Experimental results show that the processing time of each image is reduced from more than 2h to less than 10sec. The required memory space is also greatly reduced.

关键词： image segmentation entropy computational complexity recurrence formula experimental results image segmentation low signal to noise ratio computational complexity processing time reduction fast recursive 2D entropic thresholding algorithm memory space reduction SNR

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A rotation invariant pattern signature

A rotation invariant pattern signature

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IEEE International conference on image Processing

作者： E. Simoncelli GRASP Laboratory rm. 335C Computer and Information Science Department University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA

We propose a "signature" for rotation-invariant representation of local image structure. The signature is a complex-valued vector constructed analytically from the projections of the image onto a set of oriented basis kernels. The components of the signature form an over-complete set of algebraic invariants, but are chosen to avoid instabilities associated with previously developed algebraic invariants. We demonstrate the use of this signature for representing and classifying junctions in grayscale imagery.

关键词： Kernel Laboratories Information science image analysis Gray-scale Optical character recognition software Character recognition image segmentation pattern matching Optimal matching

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Automatic segmentation and modelling of two-dimensional electrophoresis gels

Automatic segmentation and modelling of two-dimensional elec...

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IEEE International conference on image Processing

作者： E. Bettens P. Scheunders J. Sijbers D. Van Dyck L. Moens Vision Laboratory Department of Physics RUCA University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium

An important issue in the analysis of two-dimensional electrophoresis images is the detection and quantification of protein spots. In this paper we describe a new robust technique to segment and model the different spots present in the gels. For the segmentation a watershed technique is applied. For the quantification of the spots, a new spot model is constructed, based on diffusion principles. Besides the advantage of having a physical interpretation, the model is demonstrated to be superior to the commonly used Gaussian models.

关键词： Electrokinetics Proteins image segmentation image analysis Robustness pattern recognition Diffusion processes Physics image processing pattern analysis

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Numerical fringe analysis requiring only one image for real time investigation

Numerical fringe analysis requiring only one image for real ...

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Proceedings of the 1996 3rd Biennial Joint conference on Engineering Systems Design and analysis, ESDA. Part 7 (of 9)

作者： Bremand, Fabrice J. Universite de Poitiers Futuroscope France

Optical methods are very useful to measure displacements or deformations fields and also relief of an object. Most of the techniques provide fringe patterns. Usually these images are manual analyzed. But with the help of an imaging system, an automatic analysis can be performed. Therefore the numerical approach requires at least three phase shifted images of the same fringe pattern. This method is known as quasi-heterodyne technique or phase shifting method. Then real time applications can not be treated. We propose a way to numerically shift the phase from the recording of only one image of a fringe pattern. The method can be used for many applications, for example in classical moire technique, interferometry and so on. In the paper, each step of this procedure will be detailed and largely commented. Finally, two applications will be presented. In first, a line grating (2 lines per millimeter) is projected onto an object in order to create a fringe pattern. A classical imaging system is used to record the images and the calculated phase field is compared with the one obtained by classical phase shifting method. The second application concerns a ring submitted to a diametrical loading. The transverse components of the displacement field is visualized by moire (with a grating of 24 lines per millimeter) and determined by our method.

关键词： image analysis

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Off-line Chinese signature verification

Off-line Chinese signature verification

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IEEE International conference on image Processing

作者： Jun Lin Jie-Gu Li Institute of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)0780332598

In this paper, a set of shape features which was based on the special characteristics of Chinese signatures was proposed for off-line Chinese signature verification. Another set of high-pressure features was also developed to extract timing and dynamic information indirectly from the signature image. A database of 100 genuine signatures and 50 simple forgeries was used to investigate the effectiveness of these two sets. Though shape features and high-pressure features had an error rate of 6.5% and 20.0% respectively, the collective use of these two sets reduced the error rate of simple forgery verification to 2.5%. It was concluded that combined use of static and dynamic information is an effective way for off-line Chinese signature verification.

关键词： Handwriting recognition Shape Spatial databases Forgery Timing image databases Error analysis Gravity image processing pattern recognition

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Three dimensional photoelastic analysis by optical slicing and digital image processing

Three dimensional photoelastic analysis by optical slicing a...

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Proceedings of the 1996 3rd Biennial Joint conference on Engineering Systems Design and analysis, ESDA. Part 7 (of 9)

作者： Dupre, Jean-Christophe Plouzennec, Nathalie Lagarde, Alexis Universite de Poitiers Futuroscope France

We show, in this paper, a non destructive method for the visualization of the isochromatic and isoclinic fringes in three dimensional photoelastic specimen. The basic idea is to delimit a slice between two plane laser beams, to use the properties of polarization of the scattered light (Rayleigh law) and the interference possibilities of the diffused beams. Using speckle pattern properties, the correlation factor of the two scattered beams is similar (omitting a constant term) to the illumination given in a rectilinear polariscope for the investigation of the slice (done by example by frozen-stress technique). Experimentally, we use a monochromatic laser, a CCD camera to record the speckle pattern and a PC for the numerical analyzis. As we can not obtain directly the correlation factor, we do a statistical analysis of the speckle patterns. The variance (function to the correlation factor) is computed using speckle pattern properties and the light intensities of three images corresponding to the speckle pattern for plane 1 alone, plane 2 alone, and both planes together. We show an experimental test on a cylinder of square-cross section loaded in torsion.

关键词： Photoelasticity

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image analysis: segmentation operator cooperation led by the interpretation

Image analysis: segmentation operator cooperation led by the...

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IEEE International conference on image Processing

作者： B. Charroux S. Philipp J.-P. Cocquerez ETIS ENSEA Cergy-Pontoise France

An image cannot be well segmented by only one segmentation method. This paper deals with a new paradigm of segmentation, called segmentation tree. This structure explored by a depth first search algorithm allows the application of several operators on the same picture. Another important principle is also presented: the cooperation between high level and low level processes in image analysis. The segmentation process is controlled by the interpretation quality.

关键词： image analysis image segmentation Light emitting diodes Layout Artificial intelligence Cost function Process control Unsolicited electronic mail Machine vision pattern recognition

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