This paper presents a reduced order formulation for the transient response of a deployable rotating manipulator system (DMS). Component flexibility in the fixed and sliding links is approximated by simple cubic deflec...
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ISBN:
(纸本)185312415X
This paper presents a reduced order formulation for the transient response of a deployable rotating manipulator system (DMS). Component flexibility in the fixed and sliding links is approximated by simple cubic deflection shapes and the resulting equations of motion have two degrees-of-freedom and time varying inertial and exciting torque characteristics. Numerical solution of the equations of motion is achieved by assuming constant acceleration/deceleration for the angular and extensional motion with the switch point occurring simultaneously at the maneuver mid-point. This requires the use of the computed torque at the shoulder joint of the DMS in order to maintain constant acceleration/deceleration. The study assumes that the shoulder joint is inertially fixed in space and hence is not coupled to motion of the support structure. In this way a simple set of equations of motion is derived enabling the basic dynamic behaviour of the system to be understood. It is shown that a combination of axial and flexural motion of the DMS produce a form of Coriolis type damping.
Tasks carried out remotely via a telerobotic system are typically complex, occur in hazardous environments and require fine control of the robot39;s movements. Telepresence systems provide the teleoperator with a fe...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819423033
Tasks carried out remotely via a telerobotic system are typically complex, occur in hazardous environments and require fine control of the robot's movements. Telepresence systems provide the teleoperator with a feeling of being physically present at the remote site. Stereoscopic video has been successfully applied to telepresence vision systems to increase the operator's perception of depth in the remote scene and this sense of presence can be further enhanced using computer generated stereo graphics to augment the visual information presented to the operator. The Mechatronic Systems and robotics Research Group have over seven years developed a number of high performance active stereo vision systems culminating in the latest, a four degree-of-freedom stereohead. This carries two miniature colour cameras and is controlled in real time by the motion of the operator's head, who views the stereoscopic video images on an immersive head mounted display or stereo monitor. The stereohead is mounted on a mobile robot, the movement of which is controlled by a joystick interface. This paper describes the Active Telepresence System and the development of a prototype Augmented Reality (AR) application to enhance the operator's sense of presence at the remote site. The initial enhancements are a virtual map and compass to aid navigation in degraded visual conditions and a virtual cursor that provides a means for the operator to interact with the remote environment. The results of preliminary experiments using the initial enhancements are presented.
The depth perception we present in this paper is based on monocular computer vision. The method exploits the physical effect that the imaging properties of an optical system depend upon the acquisition parameters and ...
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The depth perception we present in this paper is based on monocular computer vision. The method exploits the physical effect that the imaging properties of an optical system depend upon the acquisition parameters and the object distance. Our approach is working along the edges. The basic principle is to compare the blur in two defocused images of the same scene taken with different apertures (depth from defocus). To increase speed and precision our algorithm is working only at the exact position of ramp edges, which are determined by a biological model of the visual cortex.
We present a parallel partition algorithm for the solution of block pentadiagonal linear systems suitable for computation on computers with distributed memory. The method belongs to the direct methods and is based on ...
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The paper draws on the problem of noise reduction in binary images. Noise suppression plays very important role in the automated document analysis, since corrupted pictures may drastically reduce efficiency of the rec...
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The paper draws on the problem of noise reduction in binary images. Noise suppression plays very important role in the automated document analysis, since corrupted pictures may drastically reduce efficiency of the recognition process. The fractal based technique is one of the most recent approaches in computer vision. The fractal dimension estimates are incorporated in a highly efficient filtering scheme. The method is presented along with the images illustrating the most promising results.
A free-flying space robot with a 6-DOF manipulator cannot follow an arbitrary trajectory in the 9D generalized coordinates (3 of the satellite orientation and 6 of the manipulator) with only manipulator joint control,...
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A free-flying space robot with a 6-DOF manipulator cannot follow an arbitrary trajectory in the 9D generalized coordinates (3 of the satellite orientation and 6 of the manipulator) with only manipulator joint control, though it was shown to be commonly controllable in the literature. In this paper, we propose a method to approximate the desired 9D path by introducing a perturbation around it. We call the approximated trajectory the "spiral motion". A computational scheme for planning the spiral motion is presented, and is followed by computer simulation that illustrates the effectiveness of the scheme.
Robot manipulators are the natural choice for transmitting computer-generated dynamic forces from a virtual environment to a human user immersed in that environment. control schemes for this type of interactive interf...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819423033
Robot manipulators are the natural choice for transmitting computer-generated dynamic forces from a virtual environment to a human user immersed in that environment. control schemes for this type of interactive interface are extensions of the techniques used in teleoperation systems. with the forces applied between the master and the human generated by the dynamic model rather than measured from sensors on the slave. Stability problems arise when the robot inertia and dynamics are coupled to the complex and time-varying human dynamic characteristics. In this work, a new local feedback error control technique is applied to an interface robot to allow motion only in free directions in the virtual space. This virtual force interface does not require the use of an end effector force transducer. As in all local control schemes, the dynamic characteristics and cross-coupling effects of the manipulator are neglected, so that actual motion may deviate slightly from the desired trajectory during high speed operation. Experimental results are presented showing the use of this haptic device moving within a cubic space representing a fish tank. Motion of the hand controls the motion of virtual fish within the tank, and as the fish contact the walls of the virtual tank, the human feels the hard surface of the tank walls. Stability for this scheme is based on the stability of position error feedback for the manipulator.
This paper presents the development of a scene interpretation system with imprecise descriptions in a 3D robotics context. The problem of "scene recognition" is presented as the matching of images with a pri...
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This paper presents the development of a scene interpretation system with imprecise descriptions in a 3D robotics context. The problem of "scene recognition" is presented as the matching of images with a priori descriptions given in a high level language. The mission consists in the identification of the position of an object in a scene with a vision system situated at the end of a manipulator. The position of the object is given by the human operator in a pseudo-natural language and the environment is only known through the fuzzy hints of the mission description. The organization of the system and the particular aspects of the scene recognition method are presented. We conclude with the first results of the complete system.
The ability to recognize edges of an object fast and accurately is a fundamental goal in computer vision and image processing. The facility is important in automatic manufacturing environment in industry. This paper d...
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The ability to recognize edges of an object fast and accurately is a fundamental goal in computer vision and image processing. The facility is important in automatic manufacturing environment in industry. This paper defines and investigates an efficient method of edge extraction of image using directional tracing algorithm. Based on the approach of linear feature extraction presented by R. Nevatia and K.R. Babu (1980), our algorithm is developed for the general situation of edge extraction. The technique employs the basic and intuitive principle that an edge pixel should possess local maximal gradient but no more domain information or knowledge is required. An effective and robust tracing strategy is proposed. Our algorithm has been tested on different kinds of images, and the results are satisfactory.
A method for automatic library entry and update of three-dimensional representations of 3D rigid, planar-faced objects is presented in this paper. Geometric and structural information is obtained from multiple monocul...
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A method for automatic library entry and update of three-dimensional representations of 3D rigid, planar-faced objects is presented in this paper. Geometric and structural information is obtained from multiple monocular 2D image frames and placed in relational tables. Point correspondences are found from the relational tables to reconstruct the 3D scene object. A number of global descriptors, obtained from the reconstructed object, are used as indexes to the model library to select similarly structured models for matching. A probabilistic procedure using the indexes determines whether the scene object is already represented by a library model. If the model is represented, a technique based on the hypothesize-and-test paradigm compares the scene object to the library model to update the model representation with any new geometric and structural information. If the model is not present in the library, the new model representation is added to the model library.
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