This paper focuses on the multi-robot mapping, especially the collaboration of vision-and 2D lidar-mounted robots with known initial poses. Since the scale of the map built by a single vision sensor is hardly the same...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450361026
This paper focuses on the multi-robot mapping, especially the collaboration of vision-and 2D lidar-mounted robots with known initial poses. Since the scale of the map built by a single vision sensor is hardly the same to the real world scale, the scale should be estimated to register the 2D map built by 2D lidar and 3D map built by a vision sensor. In this paper, we propose a method of converting maps into NDT maps to rapidly register the two maps in multiple resolutions based on minimizing the modified objective function of distribution-to-distribution normal distributions transform (NDT-D2D). Instead of scaling the 3D map, the proposed method updates the 2D map within optimization. In the experiment, we showed the registration of 2D NDT map built by gmapping with 2D lidar and 3D NDT map built by direct sparse odometry (DSO) with vision sensor. As a result, the runtime was 0.041 second, and the error of the estimated scale was 18.0%.
Prosthetic socket is an interface to attach a prosthesis to the residual limb of an amputee. The comfort of the amputee relies on the socket as the body weight of the amputee, during walking, running or climbing, is l...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450361026
Prosthetic socket is an interface to attach a prosthesis to the residual limb of an amputee. The comfort of the amputee relies on the socket as the body weight of the amputee, during walking, running or climbing, is loaded to the residual limb via the socket. Currently a prosthetic socket is designed using a trial and error method by a prosthetist who needs to be well trained. In order to optimize the design of the socket for the lower limb amputees, an integrated sensors system was developed. This paper presents an integrated tri-axial force sensor system for the design of the prosthetic socket.
The swing process of a cutter suction dredger are affected by many factors, which changed time and nonlinear. So it is difficult to describe the change law accurately. The swing process model based on RBF-ARX model is...
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The swing process of a cutter suction dredger are affected by many factors, which changed time and nonlinear. So it is difficult to describe the change law accurately. The swing process model based on RBF-ARX model is established after detailed analysis of the formation process of dredger production. The shortcomings of the traditional neural network could be overcome by this method, such as slow convergence rate, more hidden layer. After modeling, the linear and nonlinear parameters of the RBF-ARX model are identified off-line by using SNPOM (Structured Nonlinear Parameter Optimization Method). Then the errors of the output of the model and the real data are compared and analyzed by simulation. The result show that the swing process model can accurately describe the dynamic characteristics of the system in the global range, and the model output is well fitted with the real data of a cutter suction dredger.
Three-dimensional (3D) point cloud understanding is important for autonomous robots. However, point clouds are normally irregular and discrete. It is challenging to obtain semantic information from them. In this paper...
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Three-dimensional (3D) point cloud understanding is important for autonomous robots. However, point clouds are normally irregular and discrete. It is challenging to obtain semantic information from them. In this paper, we present a method to build a dense semantic map, which utilizes both two-dimensional (2D) image labels and 3D geometric information. The dense point cloud is built by using a state-of-the-art RGB-D SLAM system. It is further segmented into meaningful clusters using a graph-based method. Then, image keyframes during the SLAM process are used to extract semantic image labels by a convolution neural network (CNN). Finally, these semantic labels are projected to the point cloud clusters to achieve a 3D dense semantic map. The effectiveness of our method is validated on a popular public dataset.
In this paper, the control system of intelligent grasping for a special operation manipulator is designed to complete disaster relief, fire fighting, explosive disposal and the like for replacing human beings. The con...
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In this paper, the control system of intelligent grasping for a special operation manipulator is designed to complete disaster relief, fire fighting, explosive disposal and the like for replacing human beings. The control system of the special operation manipulator is needed to have the characteristics of multiple terminal functions, accurate end accuracy and high system reliability and redundancy within outdoor environment. It puts forward higher requirements for the manipulator performance and operator. After analyzing the work requirements of the manipulator, the D-H parameters and motion space is calculated for further research. The forward and inverse kinematics models are built to make the control system into reality. The target grasping is achieved by using the force and position hybrid control and single joint/end control methods. The intelligent recognition system based on machine learning is constructed. The simulation training based on machine learning is carried out by using the back image of the end camera of the manipulator to help the operator locate the target quickly and accurately. Finally the special operation manipulator is used to carry out the target intelligent grasping experiment based on visual guidance. The test results show the effectiveness of the control system design. Thereby it is suitable to be promoted to other robot or manipulator control system design.
This paper proposes an alternate interpretation of the traditional lookup table controller via the Center Average De- fuzzier (CAD) in Fuzzy Set Theory with a set of Disjoint Block Pulse Membership Functions (DBPMFs)....
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This paper proposes an alternate interpretation of the traditional lookup table controller via the Center Average De- fuzzier (CAD) in Fuzzy Set Theory with a set of Disjoint Block Pulse Membership Functions (DBPMFs). Further, a new Heaviside Search Algorithm (HSA) is also proposed to implement the Fuzzy Lookup Table controller (FLTC) in a more efficient way. The computation complexity of our new HSA is O(Sigma R-i), where R-i is the number of membership functions for i th input variable in FLTC. Whereas the average computational complexity in traditional Linear Search Algorithm (LSA) is O((Sigma R-i)/2). In comparison with LSA, the HSA also reduces the complexity of coding significantly in the same order as the comparison of computation complexities between HSA and LSA. The balancing of Inverted Pendulum System (IPS) is adopted as the benchmark to show the feasibility and efficiency of this new FLTC and HSA.
This paper presents a novel 2R parallel mechanism used as alt-azimuth pedestal, i. e. a 2-DOF (degree-of-freedom) pedestal for supporting and rotating equipment about two perpendicular axes. Its active joints are two ...
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This paper presents a novel 2R parallel mechanism used as alt-azimuth pedestal, i. e. a 2-DOF (degree-of-freedom) pedestal for supporting and rotating equipment about two perpendicular axes. Its active joints are two sliders equipped with servo control on a circular rail. The synchronous and asynchronous motions of the two sliders lead to the azimuth (rotation about the vertical axis) and pitch (rotation about the horizontal axis) of the rotatable platform, respectively. The DOF computation and kinematics are dealt with firstly, and then the dynamic model of the 2R parallel mechanism is established by using the Lagrange equation. Eventually, a numerical simulation of the typical trajectory motion is carried out, and the actuating torque needed in the actuators for the trajectory tracking motion is worked out by employing the derived inverse dynamic equations, which is consistent with the result obtained from commercial software. This study lays a solid base for the further investigation and engineering implementation of the 2R parallel mechanism.
This paper deals with the use of automation and robotics in the field of agriculture. An automatic seed planting robot controlled using two variables is proposed in this work. Using the length and breadth as two varia...
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This paper deals with the use of automation and robotics in the field of agriculture. An automatic seed planting robot controlled using two variables is proposed in this work. Using the length and breadth as two variables, seed planting robot plant the seeds in the selected area. The proposed robot automatically carries out soil digging, seed planting and covering of soil after planting a seed in a sequence, once it reaches the selected area of planting. The proposed seed planting robot is also provided with the option of watering and adding fertilizer after planting the seed. The seed planting robot is controlled by a smartphone using Bluetooth and Arduino to control and automate the complete planting.
In continuous vertical descent, multi-rotor UAVs39; attitude will meet the problem of attitude fluctuation and tends to divergence. The problem comes from the flight controller instead of vortex-ring state. Based on...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510873377
In continuous vertical descent, multi-rotor UAVs' attitude will meet the problem of attitude fluctuation and tends to divergence. The problem comes from the flight controller instead of vortex-ring state. Based on an eight-rotor UAV's nonlinear model in hovering mode, the control law is analysed by using transfer function. The first reason is that the inner ring and outer ring bandwidths of the PID cascade controller do not match well. And the other one is that the lower linear operating point and lower average rotor speed during descent lead to less thrust and torque per propeller, which make it more difficult to resist wind disturbances. By adjusting the position loop's parameters in descent, the eight-rotor UAV reduced the requirement of horizontal position accuracy, and the stability of horizontal attitude control increased, which finally obtained a better performance.
A transmission line remote monitoring system combined with wireless sensor technology was designed, through the single-chip computer control to complete the system data from the collection to send all aspects of data ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510873377
A transmission line remote monitoring system combined with wireless sensor technology was designed, through the single-chip computer control to complete the system data from the collection to send all aspects of data processing work. The icing monitoring system uses capacitive thickness detection sensors to collect data from multiple capacitance values and send the collected data to the control center processor through the serial port. The processor then processes the data and stores it on the SD card. in. Through the single-chip computer control to complete the system data from collection to send all aspects of data processing. The processor finishes the data transmission and connects with the GPRS communication module through the RS232 serial port. The automatic detection of ice thickness using the difference in resistance characteristics of air and ice, it is a new type of object surface ice coating thickness detection method. The utility model can be applied to real-time continuous automatic monitoring engineering application fields of high-pressure transmission lines and fixed towers, buildings or various equipment surfaces, suspension brackets, forest branches, and the like.
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