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检索条件"任意字段=3rd International Symposium on 3D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission, 3DPVT 2006"

共 148 条记录，以下是121-130 订阅

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A 3d Outdoor Scene Scanner Based on a Night-Vision Range-Gated Active Imaging System

A 3D Outdoor Scene Scanner Based on a Night-Vision Range-Gat...

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international symposium on 3d data processing visualization and transmission

作者： david Monnin Armin L. Schneider Frank Christnacher Yves Lutz French German Research Institute of Saint Louis Saint Louis France

We present a 3d outdoor scene scanner for the acquisition of kilometers-deep scenes in night conditions. Its imaging system is based on a compact and low-cost pulsed laser illuminator and a light-intensifier equipped CCd camera. By precisely synchronizing both the illuminator and the camera shutter, it is possible to acquire "slices" of the scene at specific known distances. We show that even with large laser pulses and without megahertz-capable electronics, the third dimension can be recovered for the whole range of the scene by processing only two images acquired in specific conditions. As the pixel intensities of the images produced by active imaging systems vary with the square of the range, and due to the limited dynamics of image sensors, scanning long-range scenes with shorter "slices" allows the camera gain to be adjusted with respect to the range and the accuracy to be enhanced. The imaging system as well as the different image processing steps are detailed in this paper and an example of typical results is given.

关键词： Layout Cameras Optical pulses Optical imaging High-resolution imaging Laser radar Infrared imaging Image resolution Pulse modulation Charge coupled devices

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Self-Calibration of Multiple Laser Planes for 3d Scene Reconstruction

Self-Calibration of Multiple Laser Planes for 3D Scene Recon...

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international symposium on 3d data processing visualization and transmission

作者： Ryo Furukawa Hiroshi Kawasaki Faculty of Information Sciences Hiroshima City University Japan Faculty of Information Engineering Saitama University Japan

Self-calibration is one of the most active issues concerning vision-based 3d measurements. However, in the case of the light sectioning method, there has been little research conducted on self-calibration techniques. In this paper, we study the problem of self-calibration for an active vision system which uses line lasers and a single camera. The problem can be defined as the estimation of multiple laser planes from the curves of laser reflections observed from a sequence of images captured by a single camera. The constraints of the problem can be obtained from observed intersection points between the curves. In this condition, the problem is formulated as simultaneous polynomial equations, in which the number of equations is larger than the number of variables. Approximated solutions of the equations can be computed by using Grobner bases. By refining them using nonlinear optimization, the final result can be obtained. We developed an actual 3d measurement system using the proposed method, which consists of only a laser projector with two line lasers and a single camera. Users are just required to move the projector freely so that the projected lines sweep across the surface of the scene to get the 3d shape.

关键词： Layout Cameras Calibration Nonlinear equations Optical reflection Polynomials Shape Parameter estimation Stereo vision Laser theory

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Building a 3d Virtual Museum of Native American Baskets

Building a 3D Virtual Museum of Native American Baskets

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international symposium on 3d data processing visualization and transmission

作者： Volkan Isler Bradford Wilson Ruzena Bajcsy Department of Computer Science Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA Computer Science Division University of California Berkeley CA USA Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley CA USA

In this paper we report our progress in building a system for the acquisition, analysis, and visualization of a collection of native Californian baskets from the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology. Our project differs from existing cultural heritage applications in terms of its focus: to build tools and techniques for visualizing and studying a large number of related objects - in this case, baskets. We present our progress in the following system components: (i) laser-scanning of baskets, (ii) construction and processing of 3d models, and (iii) building virtual exhibits. We conclude the paper with our experiences and a summary of challenges we anticipate in building a completely automated system for processing and analyzing a large set of models - such as might be encountered when digitizing a large museum collection. Efficient retrieval and visualization of artifact collections are important to a number of communities, including anthropology researchers, Native American tribes, and the general public.

关键词： Cultural differences Weaving Computer science data visualization Buildings Global communication displays Software libraries Image databases Application software

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Contour-Based Object detection in Range Images

Contour-Based Object Detection in Range Images

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international symposium on 3d data processing visualization and transmission

作者： Stefan Stiene Kai Lingemann Andreas Nuchter Joachim Hertzberg Knowledge-Based Systems Research Group University of Osnabrück Osnabruck Germany

This paper presents a novel object recognition approach based on range images. due to its insensitivity to illumination, range data is well suited for reliable silhouette extraction. Silhouette or contour descriptions are good sources of information for object recognition. We propose a complete object recognition system, based on a 3d laser scanner, reliable contour extraction with floor interpretation, feature extraction using a new, fast eigen-CSS method, and a supervised learning algorithm. The recognition system was successfully tested on range images acquired with a mobile robot, and the results are compared to standard techniques, i.e., geometric features, Hu and Zernike moments, the border signature method and the angular radial transformation. An evaluation using the receiver operating characteristic analysis completes this paper. The eigen-CSS method has proved to be comparable in detection performance to the top competitors, yet faster than the best one by an order of magnitude in feature extraction time.

关键词： Object detection Object recognition data mining Feature extraction Lighting Information resources Supervised learning Image recognition System testing Mobile robots

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Orientation of Fragments of Rotationally Symmetrical 3d-Shapes for Archaeological documentation

Orientation of Fragments of Rotationally Symmetrical 3D-Shap...

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international symposium on 3d data processing visualization and transmission

作者： Hubert Mara Robert Sablatnig Institute for Computer Aided Automation Pattern Recognition and Image Processing Group University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria

Motivated by the requirements of modern archaeologists, we are developing a documentation system based on structured light for acquisition of ceramics. Fragments of ceramics are daily finds at excavations and important for archaeological research, because their shape leads to information about ancient cultures. The shapes used for documentation are called profile lines and estimated by a vertical cross-section of orientated fragments. As ceramics have been produced using rotational plates for several thousands of years, the rotational axis can be used for orientation. Therefore we conducted experiments using existing methods for estimation of the rotational axis. The drawbacks of these methods are the requirement of either complete objects or industrialized quality of symmetry. Therefore we show a new method using circle templates, which has been inspired by the manual method of archaeologists. In this work we present results using previous and related work in comparison with the estimation of the rotational axis using circle templates. The results of the presented methods are shown for synthetic data, well-known fragments and real data acquired at an archaeological excavation. Finally a conclusion and an outlook is given.

关键词： documentation Ceramics Shape Orifices Principal component analysis Automation Pattern recognition Image processing Manufacturing Filling

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Visual Hull Construction in the Presence of Partial Occlusion

Visual Hull Construction in the Presence of Partial Occlusio...

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international symposium on 3d data processing visualization and transmission

作者： Li Guan Sudipta Sinha Jean-Sebastien Franco Marc Pollefeys Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA

In this paper, we propose a visual hull algorithm, which guarantees a correct construction even in the presence of partial occlusion, while "correct" here means that the real shape is located inside the visual hull. The algorithm is based on a new idea of the "extended silhouette", which requires the silhouette from background subtraction and the "occlusion mask" of the same view. In order to prepare the occlusion mask, we also propose a novel concept of "effective boundary" of moving foreground objects in a video obtained from a static camera. The accumulation of the effective boundary through time automatically gives robust occluder boundaries. We theoretically prove that our algorithm deterministically computes the tightest, correct visual hull in the presence of occlusion. Both synthetic and real examples are given as a demonstration of the correctness of the algorithm. Finally we analyze that this new algorithm is still within the time complexity of the traditional method.

关键词： Shape Cameras Computer science Robustness Algorithm design and analysis Reconstruction algorithms Layout data processing data visualization Spatiotemporal phenomena

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Towards On-Line digital doubles

Towards On-Line Digital Doubles

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international symposium on 3d data processing visualization and transmission

作者： Andreas Griesser Nico Cornelis Luc Van Gool D-ITET / Computer Vision Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich Switzerland ESAT / VISICS Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium

We present a modular system for real-time 3d-scanning of human bodies under motion. The high-resolution shape and colour appearance is captured by several scanning units positioned around the object of interest. Each of these units performs a foreground-background segmentation and computes a valid depth-range for the spatially neighbouring units. Multiple depth-ranges are combined in a visual hull representation, which limits the search-range for the 3d-reconstruction. depth-estimation is based on a hierarchical multi-view-stereo plane sweep approach. Robustness and accuracy is increased by incorporating imperceptible infrared illumination as well as adding local pixel gradient information. All parts of the processing pipeline, involving camera color conversions, segmentation, depth-range computation, visual-hull generation, lossless image compression, network transfer of the infrared and colour images, and the plane sweep algorithm, are implemented on the GPU and highly optimized for speed, allowing scanning times of less than 40 ms per frame. Experimental results demonstrate the applicability of our system to the creation of high-density on-line digital doubles.

关键词： Color Real time systems Humans Shape Robustness Lighting Pipelines Cameras Image converters Image segmentation

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3d from Line Segments in Two Poorly-Textured, Uncalibrated Images

3D from Line Segments in Two Poorly-Textured, Uncalibrated I...

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international symposium on 3d data processing visualization and transmission

作者： Herbert Bay Andreas Ess Alexander Neubeck Luc Van Gool Computer Vision Laboratory ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland

This paper addresses the problem of camera self-calibration, bundle adjustment and 3d reconstruction from line segments in two images of poorly-textured indoor scenes. First, we generate line segment correspondences, using an extended version of our previously proposed matching scheme. The first main contribution is a new method to identify polyhedral junctions resulting from the intersections of the line segments. At the same time, the images are segmented into planar polygons. This is done using an algorithm based on a binary space partitioning (BSP) tree. The junctions are matched end points of the detected line segments and hence can be used to obtain the epipolar geometry. The essential matrix is considered for metric camera calibration. For better stability, the second main contribution consists in a bundle adjustment on the line segments and the camera parameters that reduces the number of unknowns by a maximum flow algorithm. Finally, a piecewise-planar 3d reconstruction is computed based on the segmentation of the BSP tree. The system's performance is tested on some challenging examples.

关键词： Image segmentation Cameras Image reconstruction Layout Partitioning algorithms Geometry transmission line matrix methods Calibration Stability System performance

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Hierarchical Representation of Virtual Cities for Progressive transmission over Networks

Hierarchical Representation of Virtual Cities for Progressiv...

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international symposium on 3d data processing visualization and transmission

作者： J. Royan R. Balter C. Bouville France Telecom R&D Rennes France

Interactive network-based navigation over large urban environments raises difficult problems due to the size and complexity of these scenes. In this paper, we present a client- server system allowing navigation over 3d cities in real time. due to a novel progressive and hierarchical representation of 3d models of densely built urban areas, only perceptible details for all the regions visible from a given viewpoint are progressively streamed to visualisation clients. Furthermore, efficient coding methods are used to compress the representation data allowing quick start-up of the interactive visualisation with a highly-detailed model. This is achieved through a set of dedicated algorithms allowing a very large city model to be structured into a multi-resolution representation. The method efficiently exploits the fact that most automated modelling techniques of urban scenes provides 2d1/2 models (building footprint, height, altitude, ...). So as to efficiently and faithfully model complex buildings, a procedural representation for roofs and facades is proposed. Finally, we present an MPEG4 compatible implementation based on the introduction of new node types with the associated bitstream.

关键词： Cities and towns Telecommunications Research and development Navigation Layout data visualization MPEG 4 Standard Buildings Bandwidth Geographic Information Systems

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Aerial LidAR data Classification Using Support Vector Machines (SVM)

Aerial LiDAR Data Classification Using Support Vector Machin...

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international symposium on 3d data processing visualization and transmission

作者： Suresh K. Lodha Edward J. Kreps david P. Helmbold darren Fitzpatrick Department of Computer Science University of California Santa Cruz CA USA

We classify 3d aerial LidAR scattered height data into buildings, trees, roads, and grass using the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. To do so we use five features: height, height variation, normal variation, LidAR return intensity, and image intensity. We also use only LidAR- derived features to organize the data into three classes (the road and grass classes are merged). We have implemented and experimented with several variations of the SVM algorithm with soft-margin classification to allow for the noise in the data. We have applied our results to classify aerial LidAR data collected over approximately 8 square miles. We visualize the classification results along with the associated confidence using a variation of the SVM algorithm producing probabilistic classifications. We observe that the results are stable and robust. We compare the results against the ground truth and obtain higher than 90% accuracy and convincing visual results.

关键词： Support vector machines Support vector machine classification Laser radar Classification tree analysis data visualization Roads Classification algorithms Vegetation mapping Kernel Iterative algorithms

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