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3d shape registration using regularized medial scaffolds

3D shape registration using regularized medial scaffolds

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Proceedings - 2nd international symposium on 3d data processing, visualization, and transmission. 3dPVT 2004

作者： Chang, Ming-Ching Leymarie, Frederic F. Kimia, Benjamin B. LEMS Division of Engineering Brown University Providence RI 02912 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769522238

This paper proposes a novel method for global registration based on matching 3d medial structures of unorganized point clouds or triangulated meshes. Most practical known methods are based on the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm, which requires an initial alignment close to the globally optimal solution to ensure convergence to a valid solution. Furthermore, it can also fail when there are points in one dataset with no corresponding matches in the other dataset. The proposed method automatically finds an initial alignment close to the global optimal by using the medial structure of the datasets. For this purpose, we first compute the medial scaffold of a 3d dataset: a 3d graph made of special shock curves linking special shock nodes. This medial scaffold is then regularized exploiting the known transitions of the 3d medial axis under deformation or perturbation of the input data. The resulting simplified medial scaffolds are then registered using a modified graduated assignment graph matching algorithm. The proposed method shows robustness to noise, shape deformations, and varying surface sampling densities. © 2004 IEEE.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Statistical estimation of Euler characteristic from volumetric data 4

Statistical estimation of Euler characteristic from volumetr...

引用

4th international symposium on 3d data processing, visualization and transmission, 3dPVT 2008

作者： Rybnikov, Konstantin daniels, Karen Klain, daniel Jones, Bradford durante, Vincent University of Massachusetts at Lowell 1 University Ave. LowellMA01854 United States

determining the shape of a complex 3d object from point data is important in areas such as medical tomography, molecular biology, and X-ray crystallography. Using integral geometry techniques we developed, implemented and tested a family of efficient estimators for the Euler characteristic, an important topological invariant. Our algorithms work with "volumetric" input data, i.e., with point samplings of 3d bodies, not just their boundaries. Our programs can also be used for even more practical inquiries, such as estimating the number of connected components in the input data, finding the number of spherical voids in a connected 3d body, etc. Our methods are meshless, unlike most approaches for reconstruction from point data. Our algorithms have O(N logN) time complexity for N points, but have a significant advantage in terms of speed and memory usage when compared to methods that approximate unknown bodies with simplicial complexes or splines. due to the nature of mathematical functions evaluated by our algorithms, which are only polynomials of degree at most n for n, we have exceptional robustness with respect to floating point errors. © 2008 Georgia Institute of Technology.

关键词： digital arithmetic

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Automatic passive recovery of 3d from images and video

Automatic passive recovery of 3D from images and video

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2nd international symposium on 3d data processing, visualization, and transmission (3dPVI 2004)

作者： Nistér, d Univ Kentucky Dept Comp Sci Ctr Visualizat & Virtual Environm Lexington KY 40506 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769522238

This paper gives a summary of automatic passive reconstruction of 3d scenes from images and video. Features are tracked between the images. Relative camera poses are then estimated based on the feature tracks. Both the feature tracking and the robust method used to estimate the camera poses has recently been shown to provide robust real-time performance. Given the camera poses, a more elaborate method is used to derive dense textured surfaces. The dense reconstruction method was originally part of the authors thesis [12]. It first computes depth maps using graph cuts, optimizing a Bayesian formulation. The graph cut operation is used to let depth map hypotheses from various sources compete in order to optimize the cost function. The hypothesis generators used are feature based surface triangulation, plane fitting and multi-hypothesis multi-scale patch-based stereo. The requirements for a cost function to fit into the graph cut framework were already given in [12], along with a procedure for constructing the graph weights corresponding to any cost function that satisfies the requirements. depth maps from many different viewpoints are then robustly fused to give a consistent global result using a process called median fusion. The robustness of the median fusion is important. It departs from the too common practice of fusing results by either using the union of free-space constraints as the resulting free-space, or the union of all predicted surfaces as the resulting surfaces, which is tremendously error-prone, since it essentially corresponds to taking either the minimum or maximum of the individual results.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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A fully automatic approach for human recognition from profile images using 2d and 3d ear data 4

A fully automatic approach for human recognition from profil...

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4th international symposium on 3d data processing, visualization and transmission, 3dPVT 2008

作者： Islam, S.M.S. Bennamoun, M. Mian, A.S. davies, R. School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Hwy CrawleyWA6009 Australia

The use of ear shape as a biometric trait for recognizing people in different applications is one of the most recent trends in the research communities. In this work, a fully automatic and fast technique based on the AdaBoost algorithm is used to detect a subject's ear from his/her 2d and corresponding 3d profile images. A modified version of the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm is then used for the matching of this extracted probe ear to the previously stored ear data in a gallery database. A coarse-tofine hierarchical technique is used where the ICP algorithm is first applied on low and then on high resolution meshes of 3d ear data. We obtain a rank one recognition rate of 93% while testing with the University of Notre dame Biometrics database. The proposed recognition approach does not require any manual intervention or sharp extraction of ear contour from the detected ear region. No segmentation of the extracted ear is required and more importantly, the system performance does not rely on the presence of a particular feature of the ear. © 2008 Georgia Institute of Technology.

关键词： Adaptive boosting

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VOCAL TRACT MOdEL ANd 3-dIMENSIONAL EFFECT OF ARTICULATION 3

VOCAL TRACT MODEL AND 3-DIMENSIONAL EFFECT OF ARTICULATION

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3rd international Conference on Spoken Language processing, ICSLP 1994

作者： Miki, Nobuhiro Badin, Pierre Pham Thi Ngoc, Y. Ogawa, Yoshihiko Department of Electronic Engineering Hokkaido University N-13 W-8 Kita-ku Sapporo060 Japan Institute de la Communication Parlée INPG France

The vocal-tract shapes of Japanese vowels are measured by MM. Since the 3d figures from this measurement data are very complex, it is important to discover how much the complexity of the 3d shape brings about changes in the acoustic characteris-tics of vocal-tracts. We estimate the 3d effect from the complex shape by using our 3d FEM models, in which we introduce an elongation factor of the closed section. From this FEM analysis, though we see the 3d effect in the pressure distribution, we can get equivalent parameters of the one dimensional transmission line model. Moreover, we point out the effect of mechanical vibration of the larynx, and show that the movement of the la-ryngeal part influences the transfer function of vocal tracts even in isolated vowels or stationary vowels, because the glottis is moving as an open and close phase, or the pitch is slightly changing. Since the 3d shape also varies near the glottis, we evaluate the effect of this variation in the spectral estimation. © 1994 3rd international Conference on Spoken Language processing, ICSLP 1994. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vibrations (mechanical)

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Surface model generation from range images of industrial environments

Surface model generation from range images of industrial env...

引用

Proceedings - 2nd international symposium on 3d data processing, visualization, and transmission. 3dPVT 2004

作者： Sappa, Angel d. Computer Vison Center Edifici O Campus UAB 08193 Bellaterra - Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0769522238

This paper presents an hybrid segmentation technique that combines both the speed of an edge based approach with the robustness of a surface based approach. It consists of three stages. In the first stage a scan line approximation process extracts the edges contained into the given range image. These edges are later on used to define the positions of seed points. Through the second stage a two steps region growing technique is applied. First a 2d growing process enlarges the original seed points generating bigger regions. Next, each region is fitted to a plane and a cylinder. The one that best fit the given points is selected to represent that region and used during the 3d growing stage. The 3d growing stage is carried out taking into account the approximation error from candidate points to be added to the fitted surface. In this way, each surface is grown until no points can be added according to a user defined threshold. Finally, in the third stage, a post-processing algorithm merges neighbour regions that belong to the same surface. Experimental results by using industrial environments are presented. © 2004 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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A variational analysis of shape from specularities using sparse data

A variational analysis of shape from specularities using spa...

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2nd international symposium on 3d data processing, visualization, and transmission (3dPVI 2004)

作者： Solem, JE Aanæs, H Heyden, A Malmo Univ Sch Technol & Soc Malmo Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)0769522238

Looking around in our every day environment, many of the encountered objects are specular to some degree. Actively using this fact when reconstructing objects front image sequences is the scope of the shape from specularities problem. One reason why this problem is important is that standard structure from motion techniques fail when the object surfaces are specular Here this problem is addressed by estimating surface shape using information from the specular reflections. A specular reflection gives constraints on the surface normal. The approach taken in this paper differs significantly from many earlier shape from specularities methods since the normal data used is sparse. The main contribution of this paper is to give a solid foundation for shape from specularities problems. Estimation of surface shape using reflections is formulated as a variational problem and the surface is represented implicitly using a level set formulation. A functional incorporating all surface constraints is proposed and the corresponding level set motion PdE is explicitly derived. This motion is then proven to minimize the functional. As a part of this functional a variational approach to normal alignment is proposed and analyzed. Also novel methods for implicit surface interpolation to sparse point sets are presented together with a variational analysis. Experiments on both real and synthetic data support the proposed method.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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A three-tier hierarchical model for capturing and rendering of 3d geometry and appearance from 2d images 4

A three-tier hierarchical model for capturing and rendering ...

引用

4th international symposium on 3d data processing, visualization and transmission, 3dPVT 2008

作者： Jagersand, Martin Birkbeck, Neil Cobzas, dana CS University of Alberta Canada

We propose a three-scale hierarchical representation of scenes and objects and show how this representation is suitable for both computer vision capture of models from images and efficient photo-realistic graphics rendering. The model consists of: (1) a conventional triangulated geometry on the macro-scale;(2) a displacement map, introducing pixel-wise depth with respect to each planar model facet (triangle) on the meso level;(3) a photo-realistic micro-structure represented by an appearance basis spanning viewpoint variation in texture space. We implement a capture and rendering system for this model. Conventional Shape-From-Silhouette or Structure-From-Motion is used to capture the coarse macro geometry, variational shape and reflectance estimation for the meso-level, and texture basis optimization for the micro level. For efficiency the meso and micro level routines are both HW accelerated. Photo-realistic capture of complex scenes is thus possible in a few minutes using budget cameras and PC's, and rendering is real-time. Experimental results and videos show models from regular images of humans and objects. © 2008 Georgia Institute of Technology.

关键词： Three dimensional computer graphics

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development of Urban Geology information System Based on MapGIS

Development of Urban Geology information System Based on Map...

引用

3rd international symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application

作者： Hou Weisheng Liu Xiuguo Wu Xincai Zhang Baoyi Zheng Kun Sun Yat Sen Univ Dept Earth Sci Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong Peoples R China China Univ Geosci Fac Informat Engn Wuhan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769538594

The main objective of this study is to develop an implemented system based on MapGIS for managing and visualizing urban geology information, such as borehole, remote sensing (RS) data, geophysical and geochemical data-in Shanghai City. More than 20,000 boreholes, 80G byte RS data and other geological data were managed with three levels in the system. For the convenience of sharing information and building 3d geological model, standard forms of borehole and other geological data, such as cross-sections, were proposed. The design of urban geological datacenter is to ensure the possibility of geology information share. With B/S (browse/server) and C/S (client/server) architectures, the software architecture of the system is composed by three subsystems: (1) The data management subsystem supported by the data center;(2) The geological data analysis and appraisal subsystem running on the intranet with C/S architecture. Most functions of the developed system were integrated in this subsystem;(3) The urban geological data share and information issue subsystem running on the internet. It is built on the basis of Web GIS and provides functions, such as information search, statistical summaries and 3d geological model browsing, which are stored in the data center for the public. As a result, the system makes the efficient management for urban geology information possible and provides a 3d virtual visualization of underground geological environment with 3d geological modeling function.

关键词： urban geology information system urban geological data center data standard MapGIS

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3d dynamic Simulation within GIS in Support of disaster Management

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3rd international symposium on Geomatics for disaster and Risk Management (Gi4dM2007)

作者： Beni, L. Hashemi Mostafavi, M. A. Pouliot, J. Univ Laval Dept Geomat Sci Quebec City PQ G1K 7P4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783540721086;9783540721062

Modeling and simulation of dynamic phenomena helps specialists and decision makers to better understand, analyze, and predict natural disasters to reduce the related damages. Hence, several models and simulation approaches have been developed with their own strengths and limitations. One important factor which has to be taken into account when dealing with a disaster is its dynamic behavior and its geometrical and topological representation. Geographic information systems are very well adapted for spatial data organization, visualization, querying, and analysis, and may be helpful in the context of simulation and modeling of spatial phenomena (e.g. floods). However, regarding the three dimensional and dynamic nature of spatial data related to a disaster ( which changes with respect to space and time), several complexities are added to the entire process of simulation using the existing GIS. In order to use GIS as a suitable platform to implement the simulation of disaster phenomena, GIS must be improved;adding the ability to manage and model the 3d and dynamic properties of spatial data (i.e. a truly 3d GIS), as the data structures of the current GIS are static. This research work is an attempt to overcome the current GIS limitations to simulating such natural phenomenon by proposing a 3d dynamic data structure. This structure is based on 3d delaunay tetrahedralization that deals with objects and field representation of space at the same time, and provides an on-the-fly interactive topological mesh for numerical simulation. This means that cell ( or element) size and shape depend on the distribution of the data and it is possible to do local on-the-fly updating of topology after any movement or change in 3d space. In order to analyze the different capabilities of the proposed data structure, its application to flood simulation is discussed at the end of the paper.

关键词： Geographic information systems

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