This paper presents an efficient and scalable coding scheme for transmitting a stream of 3d models extracted from a video. As in classical model-based video coding, the geometry, connectivity, and texture of the 3d mo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769522238
This paper presents an efficient and scalable coding scheme for transmitting a stream of 3d models extracted from a video. As in classical model-based video coding, the geometry, connectivity, and texture of the 3d models have to be transmitted, as well as the camera position for each frame in the original video. The proposed method is based on exploiting the interrelations existing between each type of information, instead of coding them independently, allowing a better prediction of the next 3d model in the stream. Scalability is achieved through the use of wavelet-based representations for both texture and geometry of the models. A consistent connectivity is built for all 3d models extracted from the video sequence, which allows a more compact representation and straightforward geometric morphing between successive models. Furthermore this leads to a consistent wavelet decomposition for 3d models in the stream. Quantitative and qualitative results for the proposed scheme are compared with the state of the art video coder H264, 3d model-based Galpin coder and independent MPEG4-based coding of the information. Targeted applications include distant visualization of the original video at very low bitrate and interactive navigation in the extracted3d scene on heterogeneous terminals.
This paper addresses the problem of rigid motion estimation and3d reconstruction in vision systems where it is possible to recover the incident light ray direction from the image points. Such systems include pinhole ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769522238
This paper addresses the problem of rigid motion estimation and3d reconstruction in vision systems where it is possible to recover the incident light ray direction from the image points. Such systems include pinhole cameras and catadioptric cameras. Given two images of the same scene acquired from two different positions, the transformation is estimated by means of an iterative process. The estimation process at. tits at having corresponding incident rays intersecting at the same 3d point. Geometrical relationships are derived to support the estimation method Furthermore, this paper also addresses the problem of the mapping from 3d points to image points, for non-central catadioptric cameras with mirror surfaces given by quadrics. The projection model presented can be expressed in a non-linear equation of only one variable, being more stable and easier to solve than the classical Snell's law. Experiments with real images are presented, by using simulated annealing as estimation method
It is well known that many surfaces exhibit reflectance that is not well modelled by Lambert39;s law. This is the case not only for surfaces that are rough or shiny, but also those that are matte and composed of mat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769522238
It is well known that many surfaces exhibit reflectance that is not well modelled by Lambert's law. This is the case not only for surfaces that are rough or shiny, but also those that are matte and composed of materials that are particle suspensions. As a result, standard Lambertian shape-from-shading methods can not be applieddirectly to the analysis of rough and shiny surfaces. In order to overcome this difficulty, in this paper, we consider how to reconstruct the Lambertian component for rough and shiny surfaces when the object is illuminated in the viewing direction. To do this we make use of the diffuse reflectance models described by Oren and Nayar, and by Wolff. Our experiments with synthetic and real-worlddata reveal the effectiveness of the correction method, leading to improved surface normal and height recovery.
The main features of VENSIS, a VENUS subsurface ionosphere radar sounder, are discussed. According to the models of the Venus crust composition, geometric structure and ionosphere environment, the expected subsurface ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769522238
The main features of VENSIS, a VENUS subsurface ionosphere radar sounder, are discussed. According to the models of the Venus crust composition, geometric structure and ionosphere environment, the expected subsurface and ionosphere sounding performance are also discussed. VENSIS is expected to complement Magellan data of the surface and subsurface of Venus by using long wavelength sounding radar to probe the 3th dimension of the Venusian crust. Taking into account the previous considerations, the implementation time constraint and the possibility of re-use of spare MARSIS electronic circuitry, the reuse of MARSIS in the Venus Express mission in particular during nightside and high solar zenith angles operations is also suggested.
Many factors, such as the number of vertices and the resolution of texture, can affect the display quality of 3d objects. When the resources of a graphics system are not sufficient to render the ideal image, degradati...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769522238
Many factors, such as the number of vertices and the resolution of texture, can affect the display quality of 3d objects. When the resources of a graphics system are not sufficient to render the ideal image, degradation is inevitable. It is therefore important to study how individual factors will affect the overall quality, and how the degradation can be controlled given limited resources. In this paper, the essential factors determining the display quality are reviewed. We provide more details on our earlier presentation [14] on integrating two important ones, resolution of texture and resolution of mesh, to model a perceptual metric. We then present a preliminary study of the reliability of the perceptual experiments. Experiments demonstrate that the reliability of our user evaluations to be quite high. Finally, we also propose an approach for reducing user fatigue while performing perceptual quality evaluations.
This paper presents a new acquisition method for 3d laser scanners that combines imaging, fast geometrical object tracking, and automatic pose estimation to register range profiles of freely moving objects. The method...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769522238
This paper presents a new acquisition method for 3d laser scanners that combines imaging, fast geometrical object tracking, and automatic pose estimation to register range profiles of freely moving objects. The method was developed to solve the constraint of rigidity between free-moving objects and a 3d scanner while preserving the accuracy of the range measurements. Rigidity constraint imposes that a 3d scanner or any external positioning devices must be perfectly stable relative to the object during scanning. This is often impossible for moving structures such as when using scaffolding, industrial conveyers, or robotic arms. The method starts by creating a rough, partial, anddistorted estimate of the model of the object from an initial subset of sparse range data. Then, it recursively improves and refines the model by adding new range information. In parallel, real-time tracking of the object is performed to center the scan on the object. A high-resolution and accurate 3d model of a free-floating object, and real-time tracking of its position is obtained.
In this paper, we present an approach based on 2d slices for measuring similarity between 3d models. The key idea is to represent the 3d model by a series of slices along certain directions so that the shape-matching ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769522238
In this paper, we present an approach based on 2d slices for measuring similarity between 3d models. The key idea is to represent the 3d model by a series of slices along certain directions so that the shape-matching problem between 3d models is transformed into similarity measuring between 2d slices. Here, we have to deal with the following problems: selection of cutting directions, cutting methods, and similarity measuring. To solve these problems, some strategies and rules are proposed. Firstly, a maximum normal distribution method is presented to get three ortho-axes that coincide better with human visual perception mechanism. Secondly, a cutting method is given which can be used to get a series of slices composed of a set of closed polygons. Thirdly, on the basis of 3d shape distribution method presented by Robert et al., we develop a 2d shape distribution method to measure the similarity between the 2d slices. Some experiments are given in this paper to show the validity of this method for 3d model retrieval.
In this paper, we present an algorithm to combine edge information from stereo-deriveddepth maps with edges from the original intensity/color image to improve the contour detection in images of natural scenes. After ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769522238
In this paper, we present an algorithm to combine edge information from stereo-deriveddepth maps with edges from the original intensity/color image to improve the contour detection in images of natural scenes. After computing the disparity map, we generate a so-called "edge combination image", which relies on those edges of the original image that are also present in the stereo map. We describe an algorithm to identify corresponding intensity anddepth edges, which are usually slightly displaceddue to non-perfect stereo reconstruction. Our experiments demonstrate how the proposed edge combination approach can be used in conjunction with an active contours algorithm to achieve better segmentation results.
This paper describes an empirical investigation of departures from Lambert39;s law for rough and shiny surfaces. We commence by using a recently reported method to recover estimates of the surface radiance function ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769522238
This paper describes an empirical investigation of departures from Lambert's law for rough and shiny surfaces. We commence by using a recently reported method to recover estimates of the surface radiance function for objects illuminated in the viewer direction. This method is nonparametric, and offers the advantage that it is simple to use since it does not require detailed camera calibration. We compare the radiance data with a number of phenomenological and physics-based reflectance models. The models studied include those of Oren-Nayar Wolff anddifferent variants of the Beckmann model. The main conclusion of the study is that among these models the best fit to the empirical data is found to be the Wolff model for smooth objects and the modified Beckmann model for rough objects.
Volumetric methods based on implicit surfaces are commonly used in surface reconstruction from uniformly distributed sparse 3ddata. The case of non-uniform distributeddata has recently deserved more attention, becau...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769522238
Volumetric methods based on implicit surfaces are commonly used in surface reconstruction from uniformly distributed sparse 3ddata. The case of non-uniform distributeddata has recently deserved more attention, because it occurs frequently in practice. This paper describes a volumetric approach to surface reconstruction from non-uniform data which is suitable for the reconstruction of surfaces from images, in particular from multiple views. differently from volumetric methods which use both 3d surface points and surface normals, the approach does not use the surface normals because they are often unreliable when estimated from image data. The method is based on a hierarchical partitioning of the volume data set. The working volume is split and classified at different scales of spatial resolution into surface, internal and external voxels and this hierarchy is described by an octree structure in a multiscale framework. The octree structure is used to build a multiresolution description of the surface by means of compact support radial basis functions (RBF). A hierarchy of surface approximations at different levels of details is built by representing the voxels at the same octree level as RBF of similar spatial support. At each scale, information related to the reconstruction error drives the reconstruction process at the following finer scale. Preliminary results on synthetic data and future perspectives are presented.
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