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IEEE international symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications

作者： Ahmad Awada Bernhard Wegmann Ingo Viering Anja Klein Nokia Siemens Networks Munich Germany Nomor Research GmbH Munich Germany Technische Universit?t Darmstadt Communications Engineering Lab Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467325660

The Long Term Evolution (LTE) network will be at first deployed in some areas with high user traffic overlaying with legacy radio access technologies (RATs) such as the second generation (2G) or third generation (3G) mobile system. Consequently, the user equipments (UEs) will be handed over from LTE to 3G network and vice versa. Having robust and error-free handovers between different RATs is one of the most prominent self-organizing network (SON) use cases where the handover thresholds of the base stations in both networks have to be automatically optimized. Currently, the thresholds of measurement event B2 triggering the handover of the UEs from LTE to another RAT are defined by the 3rd generation Partnership Project (3GPP) as cell-specific, and therefore, they cannot be differentiated with respect to each neighboring target cell. In this paper, we analyze the difference between optimizing a single handover threshold in a cell-specific and cell-pair specific ways. Based on this analysis, we investigate three new alternative configuration paradigms for the inter-RAT handover thresholds along with those considered by 3GPP. The performance of the SON-based algorithm optimizing the inter-RAT handover thresholds is evaluated for each configuration paradigm. The simulation results have shown that the three alternative configuration paradigms outperform those used by 3GPP. Among the three configuration paradigms, we propose the one which extends the current 3GPP approach and configures the threshold corresponding to the handover target cell in measurement event B2 as cell-pair specific instead of cell-specific.

关键词： Cell-pair specific optimization self-organizing network inter-RAT mobility robustness optimization

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Forward Error Correction with RaptorQ code on Embedded Systems

Forward Error Correction with RaptorQ Code on Embedded Syste...

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54th IEEE international Midwest symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

作者： Mladenov, T. Kim, K. Nooshabadi, S. Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol Dept Informat & Commun Kwangju 500712 South Korea Michigan Technol Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Houghton MI 49931 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781612848570

Raptor code, a member of the rateless fountain codes family, has been a preferred technology for the forward error correction (FEC) at the application layer. It is used by the 3(rd) generation Partnership Program (3GPP) Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) and Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB-H) standards for multimedia broadcast and content delivery. Currently, a next generation fountain code, called RaptorQ, is being proposed. It aims at reducing to a minimum the redundant FEC information, outperforming significantly Raptor code. The improved coding performance comes at the expense of increased encoding and decoding complexity. This paper compares the coding properties, the decoding performance and the energy efficiency of the two codes on embedded system. Furthermore, simulations are performed for a practical MBMS scenario. Finally, conclusions are drawn with respect to the applicability of the new code for realtime multimedia broadcasting and content delivery.

关键词： 3G mobile communication 3GPP 3rd generation Partnership Program DVB-H Decoding Hardware Radiation detectors Radio access networks RaptorQ code communication complexity content delivery decoding decoding complexity digital video broadcasting digital video broadcasting standard embedded system embedded systems encoding complexity energy efficiency error correction codes forward error correction forward error correction multicast communication multimedia broadcast/multicast service multimedia communication rateless fountain codes family

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Base Station distributed Handover optimization in LTE Self-Organizing Networks

Base Station distributed Handover Optimization in LTE Self-O...

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22nd IEEE international symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

作者： Ewe, Lutz Bakker, Hajo Alcatel Lucent Bell Labs Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781457713484

Methods of self-organizing networks (SON) are an essential part of the latest 3rd generation Partnership Project (3GPP) technology Long Term Evolution (LTE). Among the different identified use cases in standard self-organized handover optimization plays an important role concerning the overall radio network performance. In this paper, we present results as obtained from simulations on a handover optimization procedure performed distributed to base stations of the radio network. Based on a simulation scenario which is characterized by heterogeneous radio conditions between neighboring cells we show the procedure's capability of an efficient and stable modification from initial suboptimal parameter settings towards optimum values of the handover key performance indicators (KPIs).

关键词： Handover optimization Self-Organized Networks SON Long Term Evolution LTE Simulation

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EXPRES 2011 - 3rd IEEE international symposium on Exploitation of Renewable Energy Sources, Proceedings

EXPRES 2011 - 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Exploitati...

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3rd IEEE international symposium on Exploitation of Renewable Energy Sources, EXPRES 2011

ISBN: (纸本)9781457700989

The proceedings contain 25 papers. The topics discussed include: towards zero energy buildings: new and retrofitted existing buildings;cop of heating-cooling system with heat pump;present state of sun collectors in Hungary;autoregression test of solar photovoltaic energy generation;renewable energy sources and energy efficiency for building's greening from traditional village houses via high-rise residential building's BPS and RES powered co- and tri-generation towards net ZEBuildings and cities;improvement of biogas production by biotechnological manipulation of the microbial population;resonant Stirling engines;impact of large-scale implementation of photovoltaic devices to CO2 emissions;thermopile battery, thermoelectric generator as the only possible alternative for future;the contribution of UFR in measuring water volume by water meter in a single household;and advantages of fem analysis in electrical machines optimization used in wind energy conversion systems.

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Title Model for Computer Networks optimization

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IEEE LATIN AMERICA TRANSACTIONS 2011年第2期9卷 219-230页

作者： Pereira, J. H. S. Sato, L. M. Rosa, P. F. Kofuji, S. T. Univ Sao Paulo Escola Politecn RIDP Sao Paulo Brazil Univ Fed Uberlandia Fac Computacao BR-38400 Uberlandia MG Brazil

The TCP/IP architecture was consolidated as a standard to the distributed systems. However, there are several researches and discussions about alternatives to the evolution of this architecture and, in this study area, this work presents the Title Model to contribute with the application needs support by the cross layer ontology use and the horizontal addressing, in a next generation Internet. For a practical viewpoint, is showed the network cost reduction for the distributed programming example, in networks with layer 2 connectivity. To prove the title model enhancement, it is presented the network analysis performed for the message passing interface, sending a vector of integers and returning its sum. By this analysis, it is confirmed that the current proposal allows, in this environment, a reduction of 15,23% over the total network traffic, in bytes.

关键词： Message Passing Interface Ontology optimization Distributed Programming Computer Networks

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A Metaheuristic Approach to Test Sequence generation for Applications with a GUI

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3rd international symposium on Search-Based Software Engineering, SSBSE 2011

作者： Bauersfeld, Sebastian Wappler, Stefan Wegener, Joachim Berner & Mattner Syst Tech GmbH D-10587 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642237157;9783642237164

As the majority of today's software applications employ a graphical user interface (GUI), it is an important though challenging task to thoroughly test those interfaces. Unfortunately few tools exist to help automating the process of testing. Despite of their well-known deficits, scripting- and capture and replay applications remain among the most common tools in the industry. In this paper we will present an approach where we treat the problem of generating test sequences to Gins as an optimization problem. We employ ant colony optimization and a relatively new metric called MCT (Maximum Call Tree) to search fault-sensitive test cases. We therefore implemented a test environment for Java SWT applications and will present first results of our experiments with a graphical editor as our main application under test.

关键词： gui testing search-based software testing ant colony optimization

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Search-Based Program Analysis

Search-Based Program Analysis

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3rd international symposium on Search-Based Software Engineering, SSBSE 2011

作者： Zeller, Andreas Univ Saarland D-6600 Saarbrucken Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642237157

Traditionally, program analysis has been divided into two camps: Static techniques analyze code and safely determine what cannot happen;while dynamic techniques analyze executions to determine what actually has happened. While static analysis suffers from overapproximation, erring on whatever could happen, dynamic analysis suffers from underapproximation, ignoring what else could happen. In this talk, I suggest to systematically generate executions to enhance dynamic analysis, exploring and searching the space of software behavior. First results in fault localization and specification mining demonstrate the benefits of search-based analysis.

关键词： program analysis test case generation specifications

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Renewable energy sources and energy efficiency for building's greening: From traditional village houses via high-rise residential building's BPS and RES powered co- and tri-generation towards net ZEBuildings and Cities

Renewable energy sources and energy efficiency for building'...

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3rd IEEE international symposium on Exploitation of Renewable Energy Sources, EXPRES 2011

作者： Todorovic, Marija S. Ecim Djuric, Olivera Matinovic, Ivana Licina, Dusan University of Belgrade and VEA-INVI Belgrade Serbia Serbia and Southeast University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781457700989

As an introduction to the current approaches to building's greening and sustainability this paper outlines the intrinsic harmony of the traditional village houses encompassing efficiency and balanced use of renewable materials and energy sources. Further paper reviews technical advances in integrating energy efficiency, solar and other renewable energy sources in new and existing buildings, to approach sustainable net Zero Energy Buildings, villages and cities. Paper stresses importance of the BPS (Building Performance Simulation) and Co-simulation in developing reliable method/engineering procedures for RES co-utilization and interwoven energy mix scenarios optimization, including existing buildings RES integrated refurbishment. Finally, presented are study results on the technical feasibility of efficient/cost-effective use of relatively low temperature geothermal waters for co- and tri-generation of electricity and heat for heating and/or cooling by absorption refrigeration for building integration. As a result of global warming a need for air-conditioning is in extreme growth in Central and Southeastern Europe, as well as in many other regions in the world rich in low temperature geothermal waters #60;100C (#60;212F), and there is a growing interest to utilize these waters in an efficient and cost effective way. It is well known that Kalina thermodynamic cycle can convert relatively low temperature energy, at relatively low temperature difference towards environment, to mechanical power and further to electricity using as a working fluid mixture comprised of at least two different components (water and ammonia). However, its co-generation efficiency at the heat source temperatures below and about 100C is too low. That was the reason to explore technical possibilities to expand the low-temperature Kalina cycle's geo-water utilization for co- and tri-generation based on the co-utilization - hybridization of geothermal with solar or other renewable energy sources (

关键词： Energy efficiency

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A Priority-aware Hybrid Multi-hop Energy Saving Strategy for Inter-eNB Scenario 2

A Priority-aware Hybrid Multi-hop Energy Saving Strategy for...

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22nd IEEE international symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

作者： Zhong, Chongxian Yang, Tao Sun, Huan Alcatel Lucent Shanghai Bell Co Ltd Res & Innovat Ctr Shanghai Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781457713484

In this paper, we investigate the problem of energy saving (ES) for wireless access networks, especially for the inter-eNB scenario 2 which is a typical non-overlapped scenario specified by 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP). Due to the uneven distribution of the traffic load both over time and over cells, energy efficiency can be improved by switching off some eNBs or reducing their transmission power according to the actual traffic demand. Considering this characteristic of wireless networks, we propose a flexible and efficient solution based on the load information of each cell and the idea of multi-hop load release. The proposed solution is flexible to support different heterogeneous network architecture and different optimization cases with less signaling overhead. Moreover, the gradual multi-hop load release mechanism can efficiently release the load to the whole network and then maximize the total energy efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the ES gain of the proposed solution can reach about 25% with appropriate values of different thresholds for event triggering.

关键词： Energy saving(ES) multi-hop load release 3GPP capital expenditure(CAPEX) operation expenditure(OPEX)

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Reservoir ecological operation model considering river environmental flow

Reservoir ecological operation model considering river envir...

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5th international symposium on Integrated Water Resources Management/3rd international symposium on Methodology in Hydrology

作者： Guo, Wenxian Wang, Hongxiang Xu, Jianxin N China Univ Water Conservancy & Elect Power Zhengzhou 450011 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781907161254

In order to reduce the negative influence of a reservoir on a river ecosystem, the ecological operation of the reservoir should be studied to maintain river ecosystem health. The ecological operation target maintaining river environmental flow was proposed. Based on the flow data of Yichang gauge on the Yangtze River, the minimal and optimal environmental river flows were analysed. The paper proposes a reservoir ecological operation model that comprehensively considers flood control, power generation, navigation and the ecological environment. Three typical years including a wet, normal and dry year were selected and Particle Swarm optimization was applied to analyse the model. The results show that there are different influences of ecological operation rules on the economic benefit of the hydropower station. Finally, ecological operation measures for the Three Gorges reservoir were proposed to maintain river environmental flows. According to the results, the hydropower benefit of the reservoir will not decrease dramatically while the ecological demand can be met, if we introduce a suitable re-operation pattern. The results provide a reference for making the reasonable operation schemes for Three Gorges reservoir.

关键词： ecological operation environmental flow Three Gorges project optimization technology

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